71 research outputs found
Wybrane aspekty oceny satysfakcji z życia pielęgniarek oddziałów neurologicznych
Introduction. Satisfaction is a positive feeling, perceived subjectively. Assessment of life satisfaction is undertaken by comparing your own situation with the standards you set, your goals, objectives. Therefore, the measurement of satisfaction is based on individual criteria specific to each person.Aim. The study aims to determine satisfaction with life among nurses working in neurological wards.Material and Methods. The study was conducted in a group of 130 nurses working in neurological wards of hospitals in the Lublin Province. The vast majority of the study group constituted women (93.80%). Most respondents were aged between 36–50 years old (43.08%). The research used a standardized research tool: The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS).Results. The examined group of neurological nurses assessed their satisfaction with life at an average level (20.66 ± 5.72 points). After converting points into sten values, the average was 5.56 ± 2.03 sten. Significant statistical differences in the assessment of life satisfaction were found in the material situation. The higher assessment was provided by nurses who were satisfied with their financial situation (21.70 points).Conclusions. The assessment of satisfaction with life among neurological nurses was at an average level. Self-assessment of the financial situation significantly differentiated the assessment of life satisfaction in the group of surveyed nurses. (JNNN 2019;8(4):157–161)Wstęp. Satysfakcja jest odczuciem pozytywnym, postrzeganym w sposób subiektywny. Oceny satysfakcji z życia można dokonać poprzez porównanie własnej sytuacji z ustalonymi przez siebie standardami, wytyczonymi celami. Dlatego też dokonuje się jej na podstawie indywidualnych kryteriów charakterystycznych dla każdego człowieka.Cel. Celem badań było określenie satysfakcji z życia pielęgniarek pracujących w oddziałach neurologicznych.Materiał i metody. Badania przeprowadzono w grupie 130 pielęgniarek, pracujących w oddziałach neurologicznych szpitali województwa lubelskiego. Zdecydowaną większość badanej grupy stanowiły kobiety (93,80%). Najwięcej badanych miała od 36–50 lat (43,08%). W badaniach zastosowano wystandaryzowane narzędzie badawcze: The Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS).Wyniki. Badana grupa pielęgniarek oddziałów neurologicznych oceniła swoją satysfakcję z życia na poziomie średniej 20,66 ± 5,72 pkt. W punktach przeliczonych na wartości stenowe średnia wynosiła 5,56 ± 2,03 stena. Istotne statystyczne różnice w ocenie satysfakcji z życia stwierdzono w zakresie sytuacji materialnej. Oceny na wyższym poziomie dokonały pielęgniarki, które były zadowolone ze swojej sytuacji materialnej (21,70 pkt.).Wnioski. Ocena satysfakcji z życia pielęgniarek oddziałów neurologicznych kształtowała się na przeciętnym poziomie. Samoocena sytuacji materialnej istotnie różnicowała ocenę satysfakcji z życia badanych pielęgniarek. (PNN 2019;8(4):157–161
Ocena jakości życia pacjentów po udarze mózgu
Introduction. Quality of life (QOL) has been defined as a person’s perception of their social, cultural and self-worth position in the society and its effect on the person’s goals, expectations and apprehensions in life. It is a wide-ranging concept including physical health, mental state, level of independence and social relationships.Aim. The aim of the study was to asses the quality of life of patients after a cerebral stroke.Material and Methods. The study was carried out in a group of 106 patients after a cerebral stroke and hospitalized in the neurological ward. The age of the patients was ranged 32–90 years (mean age 59.12±13.04). Females constituted 56.00% of the studied group. The majority of patients were married (57.55%). The study material was obtained with the use of WHOQOL-Bref scale and Barthel scale.Results. The patients’ assessment of their general quality of life was at a mean level of 3.18±0.943 and their assessment of the state of health was 2.96±0.94. Distribution of the mean values in specific domains of life was as follows: social (55.00±21.61), environmental (54.23±16.67), somatic (53.89±18.17), psychological (46.53±17.23). Evaluation of the patients with Barthel scale classified the majority of them into Category II (51.90%), while Category I included 41.50% of patients; only 6.60% were in the worst state and qualified for Category III.Conclusions. Self-assessment of the patients recovering from a cerebral stroke was at a reduced level. The patients’ functional agility significantly affected their assessment of the quality of life. The type of stroke, education and place of living had a considerable effect on self-assessment of the quality of life in the patients recovering from a cerebral stroke. (JNNN 2017;6(4):163–169)Wstęp. Jakość życia (QOL) została określona jako postrzeganie przez osoby ich pozycji w życiu w kontekście systemów kultury i wartości, w których żyją relacji do ich celów, oczekiwań i obaw. Jest to szeroko pojęta koncepcja obejmująca zdrowie fizyczne, stan psychiczny, poziom niezależności, relacje społeczne.Cel. Celem badań było dokonanie oceny jakości życia pacjentów po udarze mózgu.Materiał i metody. Badania przeprowadzono w grupie 106 pacjentów po przebytym udarze mózgu, hospitalizowanych w oddziale neurologii. Wiek badanych zawierał się w przedziale 32–90 lat (średnia 59,12±13,04). Kobiety stanowiły 56,00% badanej grupy. Większość pacjentów pozostawało w związku małżeńskim (57,55%). Materiał badawczy zebrano za pomocą skali WHOQOL-Bref oraz skali Barthel.Wyniki. Pacjenci ocenili ogólną jakość swojego życia na poziomie średniej 3,18±0,94 a stan swojego zdrowia na 2,96±0,94. Rozkład średnich w poszczególnych dziedzinach jakości życia kształtował się następująco: socjalna (55,00±21,61), środowiskowa (54,23±16,67), somatyczna (53,89±18,17), psychologiczna (46,53±17,23). Dokonując oceny badanych skalą Barthel stwierdzono, że najwięcej badanych znalazło się w kategorii II (51,90%). W kategorii I było 41,50% osób, a tylko 6,60% było w najcięższym stanie i zakwalifikowano je do kategorii III.Wnioski. Samoocena jakości życia przez pacjentów po udarze mózgu była na obniżonym poziomie. Sprawność funkcjonalna badanych znacząco wpływała na samoocenę ich jakości życia. Rodzaj udaru, wykształcenie oraz miejsce zamieszkania miały znaczący wpływ na samoocenę jakości życia przez pacjentów po udarze mózgu. (PNN 2017;6(4):163–169
Chalcogen Bonding of Two Ligands to Hypervalent YF4 (Y=S, Se, Te, Po)
The ability of two NH3 ligands to engage in simultaneous chalcogen bonds to a hypervalent YF4 molecule, with Y=S, Se, Te, Po, is assessed via quantum calculations. The complex can take on one of two different geometries. The cis structure places the two ligands adjacent to one another ina pseudo-octahedral geometry, held there by a pair of σ-hole chalcogen bonds. The bases can also lie nearly opposite one another, in a distorted octahedron containing one π-hole and one strained σ-hole bond. The cis geometry is favored for Y=S, while Te,and Po tend toward the trans structure; they are nearly equally stable for Se. In either case, the binding energy rises rapidly with the size of the Y atom, exceeding 30 kcal/mol for PoF4
Jakość życia pacjentów neurogeriatrycznych
Background. Quality of life and old age are closely correlated. The process of growing old is perceived as destructive, progressive and irrevocable. It is determined by both biological and psycho-social factors. Elderly people face difficulties connected with deteriorating health state.Aim. The work aimed at specifying subjective quality of life of geriatric patients with neurobiological conditions.Material and methods. The investigation was administered in the cohort of 171 elderly people with neurobiological conditions. The patients were staying in long-term care institutions of central and eastern Poland. The research material was collected by means of the Polish version of the QHOQOL-Bref scale.Results. Quality of life evaluation in the whole group of elderly people averaged out at 2.84±0.96, while self evaluation within the cohort averaged out at 2.48±1.09. Patients’ evaluations were highest for the environmental domain (average of 11.61±2.32) and social relations (11.39±3.19). Results for the psychological domain averaged out at 10.33±2.91. Patients’ evaluations were lowest for the physical domain (9.92±2.99).Conclusions. Subjective evaluation of neuro-geriatric patients’ quality of life was on a rather low level. Education significantly differentiated elderly people’s quality of life. Patients of care and treatment institutions evaluated their quality of life higher in comparison with those from nursing and care institutions. (PNN 2012;1(4):151-155)Wprowadzenie. Jakość życia i starość ściśle ze sobą korelują. Proces starzenia postrzegany jest jako destrukcyjny, postępujący i nieodwracalny. Determinują go zarówno czynniki biologiczne, jak i psychospołeczne. Osoby w podeszłym wieku przeżywają trudności związane z pogarszaniem się stanu zdrowia. Cel. Celem pracy było określenie subiektywnej jakości życia pacjentów geriatrycznych ze schorzeniami neurologicznymi.Materiał i metody. Badania przeprowadzono w grupie 171 osób w podeszłym wieku ze schorzeniami neurologicznymi. Pacjenci przebywali w zakładach opieki długoterminowej na terenie środkowej i wschodniej Polski. Materiał badawczy zebrano za pomocą polskiej wersji skali WHOQOL-Bref.Wyniki. Ocena jakości życia dla całej grupy badanych osób starszych kształtowała się na poziomie średniej 2,84±0,96, a samoocena zdrowia na poziomie 2,48±1,09. Pacjenci najlepiej ocenili dziedzinę środowiskową (średnia 11,61±2,32) oraz relacje społeczne (11,39±3,19). Dziedzina psychologiczna otrzymała wynik na poziomie średniej 10,33±2,91. Najniżej badani ocenili jakość swojego życia w zakresie dziedziny fizycznej (9,92±2,99).Wnioski. Subiektywna ocena jakości życia przez pacjentów neurogeriatrycznych kształtowała się na obniżonym poziomie. Wykształcenie w istotny sposób różnicowało jakość życia osób starszych. Lepszej samooceny jakości życia dokonali pacjenci zakładów opiekuńczo-leczniczych w porównaniu z pacjentami zakładów pielęgnacyjno-opiekuńczych. (PNN 2012;1(4):151-155
Structures and Energetics of Clusters Surrounding Diatomic Anions Stabilized by Hydrogen, Halogen, and other Noncovalent Bonds
Diatomic anions CN-, NO-, and OH- are surrounded by 2, 3, and 4 ligand molecules drawn from the HF, HCl, XF, YF2, ZF3, TF4, and TrF3 set wherein X= Cl,Br, Y=S,Se, Z=P,As, T=Si,Ge, and Tr=Al,Ga. In the case of two ligands, both interact with the N of NO- and the O of OH-, but one approaches either end of CN-. Unlike the H and halogen bonding units, as the number of ligands increases there is a tendency for chalcogen, pnicogen, tetrel, and triel-bonding ligands to form a cage around the central anion, with strong inter-ligand noncovalent bonds. There are a number of unusual features observed as well, including proton transfers from the ligands to the central anion, halogen atom sharing, linearization of normally highly bent YF2 molecules, F-sharing between tetrel atoms, and OH-⸳⸳F H-bonds. Triel-bonding ligands engage in the strongest binding but the patterns of the other types of ligands depend upon the particular central anion and the number of ligands involved
Theoretical Studies of IR and NMR Spectral Changes Induced by Sigma-Hole Hydrogen, Halogen, Chalcogen, Pnicogen, and Tetrel Bonds in a Model Protein Environment
Various types of σ-hole bond complexes were formed with FX, HFY, H2FZ, and H3FT (X = Cl, Br, I; Y = S, Se, Te; Z = P, As, Sb; T = Si, Ge, Sn) as Lewis acid. In order to examine their interactions with a protein, N-methylacetamide (NMA), a model of the peptide linkage was used as the base. These noncovalent bonds were compared by computational means with H-bonds formed by NMA with XH molecules (X = F, Cl, Br, I). In all cases, the A–F bond, which lies opposite the base and is responsible for the σ-hole on the A atom (A refers to the bridging atom), elongates and its stretching frequency undergoes a shift to the red with a band intensification, much as what occurs for the X–H bond in a H-bond (HB). Unlike the NMR shielding decrease seen in the bridging proton of a H-bond, the shielding of the bridging A atom is increased. The spectroscopic changes within NMA are similar for H-bonds and the other noncovalent bonds. The C=O bond of the amide is lengthened and its stretching frequency red-shifted and intensified. The amide II band shifts to higher frequency and undergoes a small band weakening. The NMR shielding of the O atom directly involved in the bond rises, whereas the C and N atoms both undergo a shielding decrease. The frequency shifts of the amide I and II bands of the base as well as the shielding changes of the three pertinent NMA atoms correlate well with the strength of the noncovalent bond
Influence of Monomer Deformation on the Competition Between Two Types of σ-Holes in Tetrel Bonds
One of several tetrel (T) atoms was covalently attached to three F atoms and a substituted phenyl ring. A NH3 base can form a tetrel bond with TF3C6H2R3(T = Si, Ge, Sn, Pb; R = H, F, CH3) in a position opposite either an F atom or the ring. The σ-hole opposite the highly electron-withdrawing F (T-F) is more intense than that opposite the ring (T-C). However, when the Lewis base deforms from a tetrahedral to a trigonal bipyramidal shape so as to accommodate the base, it is the T-C σ-hole that is more intense. Accordingly, it is the T-C tetrel-bonded complex for which there is a larger interaction energy with NH3, as high as 34 kcal/mol. Countering this trend, it requires more energy for the TF3C6H2R3 to deform into the geometry it adopts within the T-C complex than within its T-F counterpart. There is consequently a balance between the overall binding energies of the two competing sites. The smaller tetrel atoms Si and Ge, with their larger deformation energies, show a preference for T-F tetrel binding, while the T-C site is preferred by Pb which suffers from a smaller degree of deformation energy. There is a near balance for T=Sn and the two sites show comparable binding energies
Hexacoordinated Tetrel-Bonded Complexes Between TF4 (T = Si, Ge, Sn, Pb) and NCH. Competition Between σ- and π-Holes
In order to accommodate the approach of two NCH bases, a tetrahedral TF4 molecule (T=Si,Ge,Sn,Pb) distorts into an octahedral structure in which the two bases can be situated either cis or trans to one another. The square planar geometry of TF4, associated with the trans arrangement of the bases, is higher in energy than its see-saw structure which corresponds to the cis trimer. On the other hand, the square geometry offers an unobstructed path of the bases to the π-holes above and below the tetrel atom so enjoys a higher interaction energy than is the case for the σ-holes approached by the bases in the cis arrangement. When these two effects are combined, the total binding energies are more exothermic for the cis than for the trans complexes. This preference amounts to some 3 kcal/mol for Sn and Pb, but is amplified for the smaller tetrel atoms
On the Ability of Pnicogen Atoms to Engage in Both σ and π-hole Complexes. Heterodimers of ZF\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eC\u3csub\u3e6\u3c/sub\u3eH\u3csub\u3e5\u3c/sub\u3e (Z = P, As, Sb, Bi) and NH\u3csub\u3e3\u3c/sub\u3e
When bound to a pair of F atoms and a phenyl ring, a pyramidal pnicogen (Z) atom can form a pnicogen bond wherein an NH3 base lies opposite one F atom. In addition to this σ-hole complex, the ZF2C6H5 molecule can distort in such a way that the NH3 approaches on the opposite side to the lone pair on Z, where there is a so-called π-hole. The interaction energies of these π-hole dimers are roughly 30 kcal/mol, much larger than the equivalent quantities for the σ-hole complexes, which are only 4–13 kcal/mol. On the other hand, this large interaction energy is countered by the considerable deformation energy required for the Lewis acid to adopt the geometry necessary to form the π-hole complex. The overall energetics of the complexation reaction are thus more exothermic for the σ-hole dimers than for the π-hole dimers
Dual Geometry Schemes in Tetrel Bonds: Complexes between TF4(T = Si, Ge, Sn) and Pyridine Derivatives
When an N-base approaches the tetrel atom of TF4(T = Si, Ge, Sn) the latter moleculedeforms from a tetrahedral structure in the monomer to a trigonal bipyramid. The base can situateitself at either an axial or equatorial position, leading to two different equilibrium geometries.The interaction energies are considerably larger for the equatorial structures, up around 50 kcal/mol,which also have a shorter R(T··N) separation. On the other hand, the energy needed to deform thetetrahedral monomer into the equatorial structure is much higher than the equivalent deformationenergy in the axial dimer. When these two opposite trends are combined, it is the axial geometrywhich is somewhat more stable than the equatorial, yielding binding energies in the 8–34 kcal/molrange. There is a clear trend of increasing interaction energy as the tetrel atom grows larger: Si \u3c G
- …