72 research outputs found
Despre tensiunea local – global în economia mondială contemporană
Under the circumstances of an accelerated world economy globalization during the last decades, the local-global tensions occur, with various intensity, in all significant aspects of human life: social, politic, economic, cultural, religious. The study tries, in a holistic approach, to identify the main transmitting vectors of tensions and the possible ways to avoid their degeneration into irreversible conflict situations. A synthetic matrix is presented in the end, summarizing the local-global tensions and pointing out adverse local effects with global reverse
Taxonomic revision of coarsely ornamented Upper Cretaceous trochospiral planktonic foraminifera
Abstrac
A Scene-Agnostic Framework with Adversarial Training for Abnormal Event Detection in Video
Abnormal event detection in video is a complex computer vision problem that
has attracted significant attention in recent years. The complexity of the task
arises from the commonly-agreed definition of an abnormal event, that is, a
rarely occurring event that typically depends on the surrounding context.
Following the standard formulation of abnormal event detection as outlier
detection, we propose a scene-agnostic framework that learns from training
videos containing only normal events. Our framework is composed of an object
detector, a set of appearance and motion auto-encoders, and a discriminator.
Since our framework only looks at object detections, it can be applied to
different scenes, provided that abnormal events are defined identically across
scenes. This makes our method scene agnostic, as we rely strictly on objects
that can cause anomalies, and not on the background. To overcome the lack of
abnormal data during training, we propose an adversarial learning strategy for
the auto-encoders. We create a scene-agnostic set of out-of-domain adversarial
examples, which are correctly reconstructed by the auto-encoders before
applying gradient ascent on the adversarial examples. We further utilize the
adversarial examples to serve as abnormal examples when training a binary
classifier to discriminate between normal and abnormal latent features and
reconstructions. Furthermore, to ensure that the auto-encoders focus only on
the main object inside each bounding box image, we introduce a branch that
learns to segment the main object. We compare our framework with the
state-of-the-art methods on three benchmark data sets, using various evaluation
metrics. Compared to existing methods, the empirical results indicate that our
approach achieves favorable performance on all data sets.Comment: Under revie
A bélrendszer kézi és gépi anastomosisainak nyomással szembeni ellenálló képességének felmérése. In vitro kísérletes tanulmány | Experimental study on the resistance to intraluminal pressure between hand-sewn and stapled anastomosis. In vitro experimental study
Absztrakt:
Bevezetés és célkitűzés: Tanulmányunk célja volt felmérni a kézi
és gépi bélvarratok nyomásrezisztenciáját sertésbélmodellen.
Módszer: Különböző típusú kézi és gépi anastomosisokat
készítettünk el, az intraluminalis nyomást pedig differenciált nyomású
manométerrel mértük. Eredmények: Tapasztalataink szerint nincs
szignifikáns különbség a nyomással szembeni ellenállást tekintve, ami a vég a
véghez varratokat illeti (p = 0,49). A csonkzáró varratok közül
legellenállóbbnak bizonyult a különálló varratsorral történő, két
dohányzacskóvarrattal buktatott varrattehnika (p = 0,004). Nem találtunk
szignifikáns eltérést a különböző oldal az oldalhoz varratok rezisztenciáját
illetően (p = 0,06). Következtetés: Kísérletünk során arra
következtettünk, hogy a legellenállóbb varrattípus a kézi csonkzáró varrat, a
többi kézi és gépi varrat között nincs jelentős eltérés, ami a nyomással
szembeni rezisztenciát illeti. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(42): 1674–1680.
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Abstract:
Intoduction and aim: The aim of the study was to compare the
resistance to pressure of stapled and manually handsewn intestinal suture lines
on in vitro pig intestine model. Method: We
performed different types of stapled and manual sutures and the pressure level
was measured using a differential pressure manometer. Results:
Although the hand-sewn end-to-end suture turned out to be the most resistant to
pressure, statistical analysis revealed no significant differences compared to
stapled suture (p = 0.49). In stump closure techniques, we observed a
statistically high significance in resistance to pressure in the favour of
manual stump closure (p = 0.004).Regarding side-to-side sutures we did not find
any statistically significant differences in resistance to pressure between the
techniques (p = 0.06). Conclusion: We can conclude that
regarding the stump closure, the most resistant to pressure is the hand-sewn
procedure, but in the other types of anastomosis, no significant differences was
found between the stapled and hand-sewn techniques. Orv Hetil. 2017; 158(42):
1674–1680
Lymphopenia: A predictive marker of disease severity in COVID-19 infection
Background. With the latest COVID-19 deaths reported to WHO now exceeding 3.3 million, COVID-19 has developed into a milestone of our medical generation, causing disruption in communities and hospital services. With complications raging from respiratory failure to inflammatory complication and even
thrombotic events, we wanted to establish if lymphopenia is a predictive marker of disease severity in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Material and methods. 152 patients were included from 4 different departments of Colentina Clinical
Hospital in this retrospective observational study beginning with July 2020 to March 2021. All of these patients were confirmed with COVID-19 by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction test for nasal and pharyngeal swab samples. As including criteria we have set the patients hospitalized confirmed with COVID-19, with at least 10 days of hospitalization. The data in demographic, basic clinical and laboratory characteristics and particular evolution was obtained from electronical medical records from each department
involved in the study, by maintaining personal data confidentially. We set up criteria for lymphopenia as absolute lymphocyte count below 1.5 x 1000/µl, based on the laboratory reference values. The study group was divided into several groups: male and female, ICU (Intensive Care Unit) and non-ICU, deceased and released, lymphopenia at day 1 (day of admission to hospital) , lymphopenia at day 10 (10 days after hospital admission). Results. The age of the patients ranged from 17 to 92, with the median age of 57.62. Enrolled were 73
(47.4%) female patients and 79 (52.6%) male patients, with an ICU admission rate of 35.71% (55 patients), and a mortality rate of 21.43% (33 patients). Patients who have a severe form of COVID-19 and are admitted to the ICU for mechanical ventilation did not recover and died (p < 0.001). Male patients may have higher
risk of requiring admission in ICU (p value = 0.357) and higher risk of death (p value = 0.241). Even in our small group of 152 patients, the elderly patients suffered a more severe form of the disease, which was reflected on the number of admission days (p = 0.07). In our specific population, based on the statistics, if we take the number of lymphocytes on the day of admission as the dependent factor, we can safely say that there is a statistically significant correlation between lymphopenia at day 1 and the ICU admission (p < 0.001) or
death (p = 0.014). The number of lymphocytes following 10 days of admission is another prognostic marker as we can see from the results of statistic tests: there is a statistically significant correlation between lymphopenia at day 10 and the ICU admission (p < 0.001) or death (p < 0.001). Age is another predictive factor regarding the number of lymphocytes following 10 days of admission (r = -0.078 and p = 0.356). Conclusion. Lymphopenia is an easy-to-determine, efficient and reliable biomarker to establish the disease evolution in patients with COVID-19
Effects of Cadmium Sulfate on the Brown Garden Snail Cornu aspersum: Implications for DNA Methylation
An extensive literature exists regarding the cellular, physiological, and genetic effects of cadmium (Cd)—A highly toxic, but commonly used trace metal in modern industry. However, limited data are available on its epigenetic effects, especially for terrestrial sentinel invertebrates. We determined Cd retention, total DNA methylation, and the methylation status of 5′ end of the Cd-MT gene in the hepatopancreas of the brown garden snail, Cornu aspersum, fed Cd sulfate for four weeks. Bodyweight changes and survival were also measured. Hepatopancreas cadmium increased in a dose-dependent manner from the third-lowest dose onward, with very large amounts being found for the highest treatment group. However, no mortalities occurred, irrespective of dietary Cd dose. We identified significant genome-wide hypermethylation in specimens given the highest dose, which overlapped with a significant bodyweight decrease. The Cd-MT gene showed an unmethylated 5′ end of the Cd-MT gene and this status was not affected by cadmium exposure. Hepatopancreas DNA methylation is as sensitive as bodyweight to non-lethal concentrations of dietary Cd given as cadmium sulfate but less responsive than tissue accumulation. Such an exposure event, by contrast, does not affect the methylation status of the Cd-MT gene 5′ end
Monographic study of the Late Cretaceous representatives of the bolivinoidid benthic foraminifera
A high resolution taxonomy and classification framework is developed for the representatives of the calcareous benthic foraminiferal family Bolivinoididae; this family consists of 24 species assigned to three genera. This new classification includes data pertaining of the test ultrastructure, ornamentation and porosity, which are obtained with the aid of careful and extensive study of the specimens under the scanning electron microscope. Two new taxa are described: Bolivinoides antiquum – n. sp. and Swiecickina – n. gen. A biostratigraphical framework consisting of eleven biozones based on bioevents given by species of the genera Bolivinoides and Swiecickina is developed for the middle Santonian-Maastrichtian stratigraphical interval; its resolution is more than double when compared to those of the previously developed biostratigraphical frameworks based on the representatives of this group
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