VALIDATION OF A MODIFIED MODEL OF TNBS-INDUCED COLITIS IN RATS. HOW TO INDUCE A CHEMICAL COLITIS IN RATS.

Background: there are no standard practice in the induction of colitis by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic (TNBS) acid. Usually, the repeated administration of TNBS is preferred, because it will result in a local Th1 response that has the characteristics of Crohn's disease. material and Methods: A total of 30 rats were randomized into two groups, consisting of a saline control group of ten rats and a TNBS groups of 20 rats. After the animals were anesthesized, 0,5 ml of either 0,9 % saline 8controls) or TNBS 50 mg/Kg dissolved in 50% ethanol were instilled into the colon through a rubber catheter. The experiment was repeated weekly for four weeks, then, the rats were killed at day 40, and the distal colon removed. results: At day 40, the bowel wall basically normal in the control group. In the TNBS group, the bowel lumen became narrow with tickened wall, and the mucosal surface presented adherent membrane with brown black, linear ulcers, proliferous lymphocites tissue, inflammatory granulomas and submucosal neutrophil infiltration. The median score of the severity of the colonic damage was 0 in the control group, and 4,75 (range 4-5) in the TNBS group; the mean weight of the rats was 180+35 g in the TNBS group, while it was 215+25 in the control group. Conclusions: The presented experiment is a cost-effective and safe method to induce Crohn-like colonic damage using a lower dose of TNBS, thus avoiding the risk of a massive loss of rats. This model is rather suitable for the assessment of the effects of potential therapeutic agent

Rapporto tecnico sulle attività di campionamento della “Campagna Oceanografica CISAS_1” Augusta-Priolo 19-23 ottobre 2017

Le attività di campionamento ed acquisizione dati svolte durante la campagna CISAS_1 si inseriscono in seno al progetto “Centro internazionale di studi avanzati su ambiente ed impatti su ecosistema e salute umana (CISAS)” del CNR. Tra gli obiettivi principali del progetto, lo sviluppo di una complessa e decisa azione di ricerca scientifica volta ad una profonda comprensione dei fenomeni di inquinamento ambientale e dei loro risvolti sull’ecosistema e la salute umana. Le aree di indagine del progetto sono rappresentate dai Siti di Interesse Nazionale di Priolo, Milazzo-Pace del Mela e Crotone che, per specificità e modalità di impatto antropogenico sull’ambiente, l’ecosistema e la salute umana, coprono un ampio spettro di tipologie di interesse

Single Balloon Enteroscopy for Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiography in a Patient with Hepaticojejunostomy after Liver Transplant

We report a case of a post-transplant patient with hepaticojejunostomy in whom we used a single balloon enteroscopy to access the biliary tree. This procedure seems to be safe and feasible for approaching the biliary anastomosis by means of the overtube and fixation of the small bowel by the balloon

Placement of Covered Self-Expandable Metal Biliary Stent for the Treatment of Severe Postsphincterotomy Bleeding: Outcomes of Two Cases

We report two cases of severe postsphincterotomy bleeding in an adult and a pediatric patient treated, as first options, with available techniques to induce hemostasis without success. Because of persisting bleeding, an expandable, partially covered, metallic stent was placed into the choledocho to mechanically compress the bleeding site. The bleeding was stopped. In the following days, both patients remained hemodynamically stable with no further episodes of bleeding. We believe that the application of a covered metallic stent in a severe postendoscopic-sphincterotomy bleeding, refractory to injection therapy, should be considered to avoid additional interventions, which carry a higher risk of complications, even in pediatric patients

ClearPath: a new method for fast and simple drainage of a perianastomotic abscess

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A new tissue acquisition technique in pancreatic cystic neoplasm: endoscopic ultrasound-guided through-the-needle forceps biopsy

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Novel lumen-apposing stent to treat benign esophageal stricture

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Endoscopic treatment of an infected retroperitoneal hematoma following endoscopic ultrasound-guided pseudocyst drainage

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AngioJetTM rheolytic thrombectomy with covered balloon-expandable stent deployment in a superior vena cava syndrome: a case report

The Superior Vena Cava Syndrome (SVCS) is a rare mediastinal syndrome, frequently due to compression by a mediastinal malignant leading to venous flow obstruction through the Superior Vena Cava (SVC) towards the heart. The symptoms may consist of edema of the upper body and distended veins, dyspnea up to a life-threatening condition. Restoring the SVC flow by endovascular means can be beneficial in order to achieve a rapid relief of the clinical symptoms. A 51-year-old male with a recent diagnosis of squamous cell lung tumor diagnosis presented to the emergency department with persistent cough, neck and face swelling, and distended jugular veins on clinical examination. No dyspnea and normal vital parameters were reported. Computed Tomography angiography (CT) examination demonstrated thrombosis of subclavian veins and SVC due to compression by malignancy. Compression also involved the right upper lobar bronchus. Through a percutaneous transvenous right humeral access, phlebography confirmed total occlusion of the right subclavian vein, brachiocephalic venous trunk, and superior vena cava. We performed AngioJetTM (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, MA, USA) rheolytic endovascular thrombectomy. The phlebography demonstrated the unlying hemodynamic stenosis due to the ab-extrinsic compression and underwent stenting with a covered balloon-expandable stent. The final phlebography confirmed the patency of the stent and restoration of venous flow. Although there was a complete recovery of the symptoms, the patient died from respiratory complications caused by malignancy involvement. AngioJetTM mechanical thrombectomy and covered balloon-expandable stent deployment is a useful solution for SVCS to quickly achieve relief of the clinical symptoms. There are few case series where thrombectomy and primary stent placement are studied. Further follow-up studies are needed to understand the patency of treated vessels better

ClearPath-assisted underwater endoscopic mucosal resection of a laterally spreading tumor of the colon

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