The OASIS-Sustainable Nanomanufacturing Framework (OASIS-SNF): a new simplified approach to implement sustainable production in nanomanufacturing pilot lines and evaluate its sustainable manufacturing performance

The pilot production ecosystem deployed by the EU-project OASIS consists of 12 pilot lines (PLs) for the manufacture of nanomaterials, nano-intermediates and nano-enabled products, intended for the final production of lightweight multifunctional products, based on aluminium and polymer composites, for construction, energy, automotive and aeronautics. OASIS intends to deploy this nanomanufacturing ecosystem under a common umbrella of sustainable production, to ensure a future competitive, quality, safe and environmentally friendly production of nanoproducts, in compliance with the applicable regulation. This paper introduces the new OASIS-Sustainable Nanomanufaturing Framework (OASIS-SNF) and some first results obtained during the initial stages of deployment in the PLs (diagnostic and planning stages). The adoption of the OASIS-SNF among the OASIS PLs is intended to enable them to sustainable manufacturing their nanoproducts, properly manage their sustainability priorities, and continually improve their sustainability performance (management and results).The project OASIS received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, under grant agreement Nº 814581. This paper reflects only the authors’ views, and the Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

Implementation of a safe-by-design approach in the development of new open pilot lines for the manufacture of carbon nanotube-based nano-enabled products

The project PLATFORM (H2020, GA 646307) aims to develop three new pilot lines (PPLs) for the manufacture of carbon nanotube-based nano-enabled products (buckypapers, treated prepregs, doped veils), for the European aeronautics and automotive industries (a Technology Readiness Level 6 - TRL6 -is expected at the end of the project). The Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC (MD) - transposed into the respective national legislations -is the European regulatory framework for the design and construction of new machinery, as the future PPLs. PPLs are not required to comply with the provisions of the MD until they are put into service - expected in 2020, after project completion - but then, the MD will be fully applicable. In this regulatory context, the project PLATFORM is aligning the design of the PPLs according to the MD requirements, in order to facilitate the CE marking in 2020 (TRL9) and avoid potential economic costs associated with future re-adaptations or modifications needed to ensure compliance with the MD. This paper discusses the methodological approach followed by the project PLATFORM to integrate all the nanosafety aspects in the design of the PPLs, in order to achieve safe designs in conformity with the relevant Essential Health and Safety Requirements (EHSRs) of the MD. Since machinery must be designed and constructed taking into account the results of the risk assessment (RA), this paper describes the systematic and iterative approach for RA and risk reduction followed to eliminate hazards as far practicable and to adequately reduce risks by the implementation of protective measures. This process has been guided by the harmonized standards EN ISO 12100 and EN ISO 14123, taking the relevant phases of life cycle, expected uses and operation modes of the PPLs into account. A specific tool to guide the safe design of the PPLs and facilitate the RA process has also been produced by the project (PLATFORM -SbD toolkit).The project PLATFORM has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, under grant agreement No 646307

Application of standardization for the design and construction of carbon nanotube-based product pilot lines in compliance with EU regulation on machinery

The "PLATFORM" manufacturing ecosystem for pilot production of pre-commercial CNT-based nano-enabled products, consists of three pilot lines (PPLs) for the manufacture of buckypapers, doped prepregs and doped veils. The PPLs have been constructed with the ultimate goal to commercialize these products in the European market in 2020/2022.This goal requires having the PPLs in compliance with the applicable product safety regulation by that date (CE marking). The main EU regulation for new machinery (as the PPLs) is the Directive 2006/42/EC on Machinery (MD). This Directive sets out the general mandatory Essential Health and Safety Requirements (EHSRs) related to the design and construction of machinery, while particular technical specifications for fulfilling them are provided in European harmonized standards. Application of harmonized standards is voluntary but confers a presumption of conformity with the EHSRs they cover. The PPLs are unique machines for own use and must comply with the MD before they are put into service, in 2020/2022. But the MD does not provide specific EHSRs for nanosafety and no harmonized standards are available in this field for the safe design of the PPLs. In this context, this paper shows the standardization strategy followed by the project PLATFORM (GA 646307) to design the PPLs in compliance with the EHSR referred to the risks to health resulting from hazardous substances emitted by machinery (MD, Annex I, EHSR 1.5.13). In the absence of nanosafety harmonized standards to satisfy the aforementioned EHSR, the design and design verification of the PPLs were carried out through A & B - type harmonized standards (e.g. EN ISO 12100, EN ISO 14123-1/2), and other European and international standards.The projects PLATFORM and OASIS have received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, under grant agreements Nº 646307 and Nº 814581, respectively. This paper reflects only the authors’ views, and the Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein

Consenso salud materna para Chile en el nuevo milenio

Contexto: Chile presenta una tendencia secular hacia una sostenida mejoría en los principales indicadores materno-infantiles. Su situación constituye una experiencia positiva a nivel de la región de Latino-América y el Caribe. Sin embargo, esta tendencia se ha estancado en los últimos diez años lo que produce una situación inestable y preocupante desde el punto de vista de la salud pública materna. Esto motiva una reunión de expertos a nivel nacional e internacional para proponer estrategias para el alto nivel político orientadas a alcanzar los Objetivos 4 y 5 del Milenio. Conclusión: Este documento de consenso sobre mortalidad materna, sugiere un enfrentamiento en dos ejes: primero, enfrentar la nueva realidad epidemiológica desde la etapa pre-concepcional, esto incluye considerar la alta prevalencia de obesidad, hipertensión arterial, diabetes, hiperlipidemias e hipotiroidismo en la población, y por otro lado reforzar la seguridad de la asistencia del embarazo, parto y puerperio en los lugares más alejados y más vulnerables del país. Es necesario focalizar las intervenciones en los grupos de mayor riesgo vital (edades extremas de la vida fértil y portadoras de enfermedades médico-quirúrgicas severas, que se reflejan en el aumento proporcional de las causas indirectas de muerte materna), reforzar las actividades de auditorías de mortalidad/near miss, así como controlar el aumento alarmante de la tasa de partos por cesáreas

Eco-process Engineering System for Collaborative Product Process System Optimisation

Part 2: Knowledge-Based ServicesInternational audienceEco-Process engineering system (EPES) means systematic collaborative eco-efficiency and eco-innovation aspects in product service system (PSS) development and management, and covers all life-cycle phases. It is an ICT tool and related application methodology. The development focus on PSS from functional and cost performance is currently enhanced with sustainability aspects. The goal is to create more value with less environmental impact. In the virtual factories, extended enterprises, the collaboration between different stakeholders, engineers, managers, users of the PSS is a must and all actors in the value chain need a common goal. EPES system provides a collaborative space, covering common data and functionalities for knowledge management, multi-objective decision making, simulation and optimisation. Coordinated evolution (co-evolution) of products, processes and services creates competitive advantage. This paper shows a prototype of EPES system. The software building blocks of EPES system are illustrated as well methodology steps in setting up system and using it

Allende vive 30 años

El Seminario Internacional 30 Años Allende Vive, convocado por la Revista América Libre, el Centro de Educación Popular, CEPIS, de Brasil, el Centro Martín Luther King de Cuba y el ICAL, en un momento en que las luchas populares retoman la iniciativa, se planteó rescatar la memoria del proceso de la Unidad Popular y del ejemplo de Salvador Allende y proyectarla a las búsquedas que los movimientos populares realizan para construir alternativas al neoliberalismo, la emergencia de nuevos gobiernos populares, los caminos de creación de poder popular, la perspectiva socialista como proyecto y como opción. La publicación del seminario 30 Años Allende Vive constituye un aporte para la reflexión de la izquierda latinoamericana, y una importante fuente de consulta tanto para referencias históricas como para los muy actuales debates sobre la construcción de alternativas de cambio con perspectiva socialista.Presentación; Discurso de Inauguración del Seminario Internacional 30 Años, Allende Vive; Inauguración del Seminario 30 Años, Allende Vive; Saludos; Transformaciones de Estructura y Redistribución del Ingreso; La educación y la cultura en el Gobierno Popular; Reforma Agraria y Soberanía Alimentaria; Los logros de la Unidad Popular y las perspectivas en diferentes sectores sociales; Soberanía sobre los Recursos Naturales. El Cobre; El programa de gobierno de Salvador Allende; La Verdad sobre la Unidad Popular y el Golpe de Estado; Unidad Popular, Impacto y Solidaridad Internacional; Presentación del libro Salvador Allende, Textos Escogidos; La política imperialista. El ALCA y la militarización del mundo. El Plan Colombia; La unidad de los pueblos contra la estrategia imperialista, guerrerista, desestabilizadora y golpista de Estados Unidos; Ponencia de las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP); Los cristianos en la lucha por el socialismo; Fuerzas Armadas, Democracia y Soberanía Nacional; Situación del movimiento sindical antes y después del golpe; Derechos Humanos antes y después del golpe de estado; Movimientos GLBTT y Procesos Revolucionarios en América Latina. Construyendo el nuevo sujeto histórico; Políticas de Género de la Izquierda Latinoamericana; Panel sobre Medios de comunicación; Gobernar la revolución. Por una gobernabilidad revolucionaria para la revolución bolivariana; La integración latinoamericana y el sueño bolivariano; Las alternativas populares en América Latina ayer y hoy. Izquierda e Institucionalidad, Reforma y Revolución; Los movimientos sociales y los partidos políticos en la construcción de las alternativas populares. Sujeto histórico, alianzas, programas, estrategias; La perspectiva socialista en la construcción de las alternativas populare