(WP 2023-03) Economics Imperialism and Economic Imperialism: Two Sides of the Same Coin

We argue that in a core-periphery economic world economics imperialism as advanced by the postwar Chicago School and economic imperialism led by the economies of the north are two sides of the same coin. We first review the parallelism between postwar capitalism’s core-periphery expansion of the north into the south and the Chicago’s theory of economics imperialism. We then distinguish four forms of relationships between different disciplines, and using Rodrik’s augmented global capitalism trilemma argue Chicago adopts his Golden Straitjacket pathway, both for north-south capitalist expansion and core mainstream economics’ orientation toward other social science disciplines. The paper then uses Ricardo’s classic theory of rising rents to argue the Golden Straitjacket pathway is self-undermining for both, because it produces costly rising inframarginal rents in the north economies associated with financialization and in Chicago economics associated with its defense against other disciplines’ reverse imperialisms. We conclude that long-term forces operating on global economic development and the evolution of the social sciences suggest an alternative pathway for both that would produce a more pluralistic world economy and a more pluralistic economics

Timing and modality of the sclerosing agents binding to the human proteins: laboratory analysis and clinical evidences

Sclerosing agents (SA) are blood inactivated. Nevertheless, investigations concerning the interaction among SA and blood components have never been deeply investigated. Aim of the study is to precisely identify SA blood ligands, to determine their binding time and to highlight the clinical consequences. Thirty-one blood samples were collected from chronic venous disease patients and tested by capillary and agarose gel (AGE) electrophoresis before and after adding polidocanol (POL) and sodiumtetradecylsulphate (STS). The two different types of electrophoresis allowed an evaluation of the blood proteins binding with the sclerosing agents, with a reaction time lower than 8 seconds for the AGE. Subsequently six patients underwent foam sclerotherapy and then were subdivided in group A (4 patients) and B (2 patients). In group A blood sample was obtained from the ipsilateral brachial vein immediately before (T0) and repeated 1, 3, 5, and 10 minutes after injection of STS 3% injection into the GSV. In group B, the same procedure was performed with the same timing from the ipsilateral femoral vein. Free STS (fSTS) and total proteinbound STS (bSTS) were measured. POL mainly binds to β-globulins (11%), while STS to albumin and α-globulins (62.6% and 30.7%) on the protidogram, respectively. Both in the brachial and in the femoral vein, the average fSTS was always 0. STS binds to albumin (62.6%) and α-globulins (30.7%), while POL is bound mainly by the b-globulins (11%). The present paper demonstrates how the vast majority of the sclerosing agent is bound to the blood proteins, suggesting the need to look for possible sclerotherapy complications factors also in the used gas and/or in the subsequent cathabolites release

Treatments for COPD

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Haemostatic and fibrinolytic changes in obese subjects undergoing bariatric surgery: the effect of different surgical procedures.

Background Little is known about effects of different bariatric surgery procedures on haemostatic and fibrinolytic parameters. Material and methods Consecutive obese subjects undergoing gastric bypass (GBP) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG) were enrolled. In all patients, levels of haemostatic factors (FII, FVII, FVIII, FIX, FX, vWF, fibrinogen), fibrinolytic variables (PAI-1, t-PA and D-dimer) and natural anticoagulants (AT, protein C and protein S) were evaluated before and 2 months after surgery. Results A total of 77 GBP and 79 SG subjects completed the study. At baseline no difference in coagulation parameters was found between the two groups. After both GBP and SG, subjects showed significant changes in haemostatic and fibrinolytic variables and in natural anticoagulant levels. The Δ% changes in FVII, FVIII, FIX, vWF, fibrinogen, D-dimer, protein C and protein S levels were significantly higher in subjects who underwent GBP than in those who underwent SG. Multivariate analysis confirmed that GBP was a predictor of higher Δ% changes in FVII (β=0.268, p=0.010), protein C (β=0.274, p=0.003) and protein S (β=0.297, p<0.001), but not in all the other variables. Following coagulation factor reduction, 31 subjects (25.9% of GBP and 13.9% of SG; p=0.044) showed overt FVII deficiency; protein C deficiency was reported by 34 subjects (32.5% of GBP vs 11.4% of SG, p=0.033) and protein S deficiency by 39 (37.6% of GBP vs 12.6% of SG, p=0.009). Multivariate analyses showed that GBP was associated with an increased risk of deficiency of FVII (OR: 3.64; 95% CI: 1.73–7.64, p=0.001), protein C (OR: 4.319; 95% CI: 1.33–13.9, p=0.015) and protein S (OR: 5.50; 95% CI: 1.71–17.7, p=0.004). Discussion GBP is associated with an increased risk of post-operative deficiency in some vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Whereas such deficiency is too weak to cause bleeding, it is significant enough to increase the risk of thrombosis

A pocket guide: common natural enemies of crop and garden pests in the Pacific Northwest

The cards in this guide are designed to help you quickly learn the main groups of natural enemies of crop and garden pests, their predacious activity, and tips for observing them. Photographs are of the most common species in the Pacific Northwest.Published December 2007. Please look for up-to-date information in the OSU Extension Catalog: http://extension.oregonstate.edu/catalo

"Stockpile" of slight transcriptomic changes determines the indirect genotoxicity of low-dose BPA in thyroid cells

Epidemiological and experimental data highlighted the thyroid-disrupting activity of bisphenol A (BPA). Although pivotal to identify the mechanisms of toxicity, direct low-dose BPA effects on thyrocytes have not been assessed. Here, we report the results of microarray experiments revealing that the transcriptome reacts dynamically to low-dose BPA exposure, adapting the changes in gene expression to the exposure duration. The response involves many genes, enriching specific pathways and biological functions mainly cell death/proliferation or DNA repair. Their expression is only slightly altered but, since they enrich specific pathways, this results in major effects as shown here for transcripts involved in the DNA repair pathway. Indeed, even though no phenotypic changes are induced by the treatment, we show that the exposure to BPA impairs the cell response to further stressors. We experimentally verify that prolonged exposure to low doses of BPA results in a delayed response to UV-C-induced DNA damage, due to impairment of p21-Tp53 axis, with the BPA-treated cells more prone to cell death and DNA damage accumulation. The present findings shed light on a possible mechanism by which BPA, not able to directly cause genetic damage at environmental dose, may exert an indirect genotoxic activity

Diversidad de ascomicetes termorresistentes de suelo de la provincia de La Rioja, Argentina

Los ascomicetes termorresistentes presentan estructuras tales como ascosporas, clamidosporas y esclerocios, entre otras, que conservan su viabilidad después de haber sido sometidas a choques térmicos (calentamiento mayor a 60 ºC durante minutos a horas). En el presente trabajo se analizó la diversidad de ascomicetes termorresistentes en muestras de suelo de la Provincia de La Rioja, como parte de un estudio sobre la micobiota de suelos áridos del Noroeste argentino. Se recolectaron 39 muestras durante agosto del año 2018. Se transfirieron asépticamente 5 gramos de cada muestra a 100 ml de agar con extracto de malta con cloranfenicol fundido a 75 ºC, temperatura que se mantuvo durante 30 minutos. La suspensión se transfirió a cajas de Petri y, una vez solidificado el medio, éstas fueron incubadas a 30 ºC durante un mes. Para identificar los aislados fúngicos se realizó su caracterización fenotípica. Los caracteres morfológicos se documentaron mediante microscopio de campo claro y electrónico de barrido. Se obtuvieron 111 cepas de 26 muestras (en 13 muestras no hubo desarrollo fúngico). Se identificaron 57 cepas de Aspergillus sección Fumigati, 42 de ellas presentaron holomorfo (ex Neosartorya) y 15 solamente anamorfo. A nivel de especie, se reportan Aspergillus fischeri, A. shendaweii y A. tatenoi. Diferentes especies de los géneros Acremonium, Cladosporium, Hamigera, Leiothecium, Penicillium, Rhizopus y Talaromyces pudieron también ser documentadas. En las condiciones de cultivo estudiadas 37 aislamientos no presentaron esporulación. El presente trabajo es el primero sobre el conocimiento de la diversidad de los ascomicetes termorresistentes de suelo de La Rioja.Fil: Romero, Stella Maris. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Ambrosino, Jorgelina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Comerio, Ricardo Mario. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria. Centro Regional La Pampa-San Luis. Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Anguil; ArgentinaFil: Rodríguez Andrade, E.. Universitat Rovira I Virgili; EspañaFil: Stchigel, A. M.. Universitat Rovira I Virgili; EspañaXXXVII Jornadas Argentinas de BotánicaSan Miguel de TucumánArgentinaSociedad Argentina de Botánic