The utility of three-dimensional dynamic contrast-enhanced

Aneurysmal bone cysts (ABCs) are classified as bone-related lesions based on the 2005 World Health Organization histological classification of odontogenic tumors. Most ABCs are diagnosed using a combination of conventional radiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and digital subtraction angiography. ABCs should be differentiated from true cysts or other pseudocysts because their treatment is different. Additionally, unlike other cysts, ABCs pose a hemorrhagic risk in surgery; thus, preoperative evaluation of intralesional blood flow is required. Here we report a case of a mandibular ABC in a 39-year-old woman and focus on its dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) features. On DCE-MRI, the lesion was divided into two areas according to the enhancement pattern: the blood-pooling and blood-flow areas. The series of DCE-MR images of the blood-pooling area showed marked enhancement of the margin, but no enhancement in the inner part of the cavity. Additionally, the time-signal intensity curve (TIC) demonstrated no change in the signal intensity (SI) until approximately 15 min after gadolinium-diethylenetriamine penta-acetic acid (Gd-DTPA) administration. In contrast, the series of DCE-MR images of the blood-flow area exhibited marked enhancement in the cyst cavity in the early phase. The TIC showed a rapid increase in SI in the early phase, followed by a rapid decrease until 150 s, and finally a gradual decrease until approximately 15 min after Gd-DTPA administration. Thus, in the current patient, preoperative DCE-MRI clearly delineated the vessel-rich area within the lesion

The genotype-dependent phenotypic landscape of quinoa in salt tolerance and key growth traits

スーパー作物キヌアの多様性を解明 --高い環境適応性と優れた栄養特性をもつキヌアの品種改良に期待--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2020-10-15.Cultivation of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), an annual pseudocereal crop that originated in the Andes, is spreading globally. Because quinoa is highly nutritious and resistant to multiple abiotic stresses, it is emerging as a valuable crop to provide food and nutrition security worldwide. However, molecular analyses have been hindered by the genetic heterogeneity resulting from partial outcrossing. In this study, we generated 136 inbred quinoa lines as a basis for the molecular identification and characterization of gene functions in quinoa through genotyping and phenotyping. Following genotyping-by-sequencing analysis of the inbred lines, we selected 5, 753 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the quinoa genome. Based on these SNPs, we show that our quinoa inbred lines fall into three genetic sub-populations. Moreover, we measured phenotypes, such as salt tolerance and key growth traits in the inbred quinoa lines and generated a heatmap that provides a succinct overview of the genotype–phenotype relationship between inbred quinoa lines. We also demonstrate that, in contrast to northern highland lines, most lowland and southern highland lines can germinate even under high salinity conditions. These findings provide a basis for the molecular elucidation and genetic improvement of quinoa and improve our understanding of the evolutionary process underlying quinoa domestication

Dobbs Was Not The Beginning: A Guide on Pregnancy Criminalization

Community Justice Exchange partnered with Repro Legal Defense Fund to produce this guide for anyone interested in understanding the ways criminalization of abortion has manifested and harmed people in the past as a way to understand what we might expect in the post-Dobbs era. The guide specifically focuses on the current and anticipated increase of the criminalization of individuals who self-manage their abortion or are suspected of self-managing their abortion. We also identify and provide guidance for possible points of intervention and support that would benefit people being criminalized for self-managed abortion, as well as further resources for understanding and intervening in the criminalization of self-managed abortion

Comparative proteomic analysis of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium ppGpp-deficient mutant to identify a novel virulence protein required for intracellular survival in macrophages

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The global ppGpp-mediated stringent response in pathogenic bacteria plays an important role in the pathogenesis of bacterial infections. In <it>Salmonella enterica </it>serovar Typhimurium (<it>S</it>. Typhimurium), several genes, including virulence genes, are regulated by ppGpp when bacteria are under the stringent response. To understand the control of virulence genes by ppGpp in <it>S</it>. Typhimurium, agarose 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) combined with mass spectrometry was used and a comprehensive 2-DE reference map of amino acid-starved <it>S</it>. Typhimurium strain SH100, a derivative of ATCC 14028, was established.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Of the 366 examined spots, 269 proteins were successfully identified. The comparative analysis of the wild-type and ppGpp⁰mutant strains revealed 55 proteins, the expression patterns of which were affected by ppGpp. Using a mouse infection model, we further identified a novel virulence-associated factor, STM3169, from the ppGpp-regulated and <it>Salmonella</it>-specific proteins. In addition, <it>Salmonella </it>strains carrying mutations in the gene encoding STM3169 showed growth defects and impaired growth within macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, we found that expression of <it>stm3169 </it>was controlled by ppGpp and SsrB, a response regulator of the two-component system located on <it>Salmonella </it>pathogenicity island 2.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>A proteomic approach using a 2-DE reference map can prove a powerful tool for analyzing virulence factors and the regulatory network involved in <it>Salmonella </it>pathogenesis. Our results also provide evidence of a global response mediated by ppGpp in <it>S. enterica</it>.</p

A genome-wide gain-of-function analysis of rice genes using the FOX-hunting system

Funding Information: Acknowledgements This work was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan (Green Technology Project EF-1004). We are grateful to Dr. Takuji Sasaki for his encouragement throughout the project and his excellent advice on the improvement of this manuscript, and to Dr. Shoshi Kikuchi for providing useful information on rice FL-cDNAs. We thank Professors Kokichi Hinata, Atsushi Hirai, Hiroshi Kamada and Masashi Ugaki for their encouragement, critical comments and helpful suggestions, and Drs. Hisato Okuizumi and Hiroyuki Kawahigashi for their administrative support throughout the project. We also thank Mayumi Akagawa, Hiroko Abe, Keiko Mori, Etsuko Sugai, Yumiko Nakane, Ken-ichi Watanabe, Mayumi Takeya, and Kana Miyata for their technical assistance; the members of the Technical Support Section of the National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences for their help in the care of the FOX-rice plants; Haruko Onodera and Kazuko Ono for their technical assistance and advice on rice transformation; Inplanta Innovations Inc. for their technical help on the construction of theThe latest report has estimated the number of rice genes to be ∼32 000. To elucidate the functions of a large population of rice genes and to search efficiently for agriculturally useful genes, we have been taking advantage of the Full-length cDNA Over-eXpresser (FOX) gene-hunting system. This system is very useful for analyzing various gain-of-function phenotypes from large populations of transgenic plants overexpressing cDNAs of interest and others with unknown or important functions. We collected the plasmid DNAs of 13 980 independent full-length cDNA (FL-cDNA) clones to produce a FOX library by placing individual cDNAs under the control of the maize Ubiquitin-1 promoter. The FOX library was transformed into rice by Agrobacterium-mediated high-speed transformation. So far, we have generated approximately 12 000 FOX-rice lines. Genomic PCR analysis indicated that the average number of FL-cDNAs introduced into individual lines was 1.04. Sequencing analysis of the PCR fragments carrying FL-cDNAs from 8615 FOX-rice lines identified FL-cDNAs in 8225 lines, and a database search classified the cDNAs into 5462 independent ones. Approximately 16.6% of FOX-rice lines examined showed altered growth or morphological characteristics. Three super-dwarf mutants overexpressed a novel gibberellin 2-oxidase gene, confirming the importance of this system. We also show here the other morphological alterations caused by individual FL-cDNA expression. These dominant phenotypes should be valuable indicators for gene discovery and functional analysis.publishersversionPeer reviewe

One-Year Period Prevalence of Oral Aphthous Ulcers and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Behçet&apos;s Disease

The aim of this study was to investigate the 1-year period prevalence of oral aphthous ulcers (OAUs) and their association with oral health-related quality of life (OHQOL) in patients with Behçet&apos;s disease (BD) and in the general population. In this cross-sectional study, 675 patients with Behçet&apos;s disease (BD group) and 1,097 males and females in the Japanese general population (control group) completed both questionnaires on their OAU status during the prior year and the General Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). In the BD group, 84% of patients reported experiencing an OAU during the previous year, and the mean number of OAUs/year was 13. In the control group, 31% of individuals experienced an OAU during the previous year, and the mean number of OAUs/year was one. Multivariate analysis indicated that both BD patients (OR, 6.2; 95% CI, 4.8-8.0) and controls (OR, 2.6; 95% CI, 2.0-3.5) who had OAUs at least twice per year were more likely to have GOHAI scores below the norm than were controls who had fewer than two OAUs per year. The association between HLA-B * 51 and OAUs remains unknown. The presence of OAUs has a negative effect on the OHQOL of patients with BD

The inhibitory effects of a RANKL-binding peptide on articular and periarticular bone loss in a murine model of collagen-induced arthritis: a bone histomorphometric study

Showing the effects of OP3-4 on the proliferation and differentiation of cartilage cell line ATDC5. A Results of proliferation assay on day 1 with the noninduction medium. B Alcian blue-positive area ratio in the cartilage induction medium on day 10. **p <0.01 vs. vehicle control, #p <0.05 vs. 100 ÎźM OP3-4. (JPEG 384 kb

Association between dietary patterns and serum adiponectin : a cross-sectional study in a Japanese population

The aim of this study was to evaluate the associations between dietary pattern, adiponectin, and insulin resistance. The study population consisted of 612 men and women aged 35-69 years old who had participated in the baseline survey of Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC) Study in Tokushima Prefecture. Diets and lifestyle related variables were assessed by questionnaires. Multiple regression analyses were used to analyse the relations between dietary patterns and high molecular weight adiponectin. For further analysis, path analysis was used to test the hypothesized model of association between dietary pattern, serum adiponectin, and insulin resistance. The result showed that higher score of bread and dairy pattern was directly associated with increased serum level of adiponectin in women, which was inversely related to Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance. In conclusion, higher consumption of bread and dairy products, and low intake of rice may be associated with increased serum adiponectin in women

Contribution of Oswaldo Paulo Forattini to public health: analysis of scientific production

OBJETIVO Analisar as principais características da produção científica de Oswaldo Paulo Forattini, pesquisador e, por 40 anos, editor da Revista de Saúde Pública. MÉTODOS Estudo descritivo com abordagem bibliométrica realizado em três etapas. (1) Identificação dos registros bibliográficos, utilizando a seguinte estratégia de busca: “Oswaldo Paulo Forattini” OR “Forattini OP” OR “Forattini O” nas fontes de informação Google Scholar, Web of Science e PubMed, em julho de 2016, o que recuperou 867 registros. (2) Composição do corpus da pesquisa, na qual foram incluídos 351 registros bibliográficos de artigos, livros, capítulos de livros, editoriais, resenhas de livros, notas informativas e relatórios anuais da RSP e excluídos 516 duplicatas e notas de agradecimento, notas de obituários e citações não recuperáveis. (3) Organização e análise dos dados, na qual foram construídos bancos de dados para análise descritiva e elaboração das redes de coautores e de termos do MeSH no software VOSviewer. Para análise dos editoriais, três revisores leram o texto completo de cada editorial e os categorizaram segundo assunto, contexto histórico e perspectivas, relacionando-o com marcos históricos. RESULTADOS A produção científica de Forattini ocorreu de 1946 a 2009, a maioria composta por artigos (n = 218; 62,1%), editoriais (n = 43; 12,3%) e livros (n = 13; 3,7%). Os principais assuntos foram Culicidae (36,8%), Triatominae (12,5%) e Epidemiologia (10,0%). Os coautores dos artigos foram seus mestres, colegas de sua geração e alunos de pós-graduação. Seus editoriais abordaram reflexões críticas sobre a produção de conhecimento, prioridades em pesquisa e fatores que contribuíam ou desfavoreciam o progresso. O escopo dos assuntos é amplo, remetendo ao desenvolvimento científico e socioeconômico, questões de saúde pública em países desenvolvidos ou saúde global. CONCLUSÕES A análise mostra o comprometimento de Forattini com a saúde pública, na pesquisa com vetores, na formação de pesquisadores e na comunicação científica.OBJECTIVE To analyze the main characteristics of the scientific production of Oswaldo Paulo Forattini, researcher and, for 40 years, editor of Revista de Saúde Pública. METHODS Descriptive study with bibliometric approach conducted in three steps. (1) identification of bibliographic records using the following search strategy: “Oswaldo Paulo Forattini” OR “Forattini OP” OR “Forattini” up information sources Google Scholar, Web of Science, and PubMed, in July 2016, which retrieved 867 records. (2) composition of research corpus, in which we included 351 bibliographic records of articles, books, book chapters, editorials, book reviews, informative notes and annual reports of the RSP and excluded 516 duplicates and acknowledgement notes, obituary notes, and nonretrievable citations. (3) data organization and analysis, in which we built databases for descriptive analysis and development of the MeSH coauthors and terms networks in VOSviewer software. For analysis of editorials, three reviewers read the full text of each editorial and categorized them according to subject, historical context and perspectives, relating them with historical milestones. RESULTS Forattini’s scientific production occurred from 1946 to 2009, most consisting of articles (n = 218; 62.1%), editorials (n = 43; 12.3%), and books (n = 13; 3.7%). The main subjects were Culicidae (36.8%), Triatominae (12.5%), and Epidemiology (10.0%). The coauthors of articles were his professors, colleagues of his generation, and graduate students. His editorials addressed critical reflections on the production of knowledge, research priorities, and factors that contributed to or hindered progress. The scope of subjects is broad, referring to socioeconomic and scientific development, public health issues in developed countries, or global health. CONCLUSIONS The analysis shows Forattini’s commitment with public health, research with vectors, training of researchers, and scientific communication