Redefining professional identity: the voice of a language teacher in a context of collaborative learning

Following a narrative and biographic approach, in this study, we present the case of an in-service language teacher and her professional learning trajectory in the context of the project ‘Languages and education: constructing and sharing train- ing’. This project aimed at the construction of a collaborative teacher education context for learning and transformation of experiences, views and practices in language education, and involved teachers, teacher educators and researchers. Based on a single case study, the analysis tries to disclose the teacher’s discur- sive displacements as hints of professional transformation while she reinterprets the learning taking place in the collaborative education process. The signs of change are visible in the way she constructs meanings regarding her professional identity, re-identifies her mission as a language teacher and reconsiders her pro- fessional identity. Finally, we reflect upon how collaborative teacher education scenarios may foster teachers’ personal professional learning and renewed self- images

TREM-1 and periodontitis : Clinical evaluation of the effect of periodontal etiological treatment on soluble TREM-1 concentrations and in vitro studies of P. gingivalis impact on TREM-1 expression by periodontal cells

Les maladies parodontales sont des pathologies inflammatoires chroniques multifactorielles, affectant les tissus de soutien de la dent. Le consensus actuel sur leur étiopathogénie admet que la grande majorité des destructions tissulaires sont le résultat d’un processus infectieux dysbiotique complexe associé à des dysfonctionnements du système immunitaire possiblement exacerbés par des facteurs généraux tels que le stress/anxiété. TREM-1 (Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells-1) est un immunorécepteur exprimé par les polynucléaires neutrophiles et les monocytes/macrophages. Il joue un rôle fondamental dans les premières étapes de la réponse inflammatoire et notamment dans l’amplification de celle-ci via les TLRs (Toll-like receptor). A l’aide d’une étude clinique chez des patients atteints de parodontite, nous observons, pour la première fois, les effets d’un traitement parodontal non-chirurgical sur les concentrations du récepteur soluble de TREM-1, TREM-1s, restant plus élevées dans les sites non-cicatrisés. Cependant TREM-1s, potentiel marqueur de l’état inflammatoire du site, ne semble pas être un marqueur prédictif de la cicatrisation parodontale après le traitement. Les résultats cliniques fournissent aussi un nouvel aperçu de la complexité des relations entre les facteurs microbiologiques, cliniques et psychologiques. Parallèlement l’emploi du peptide LR12, modulateur de TREM-1, a induit des productions diminuées de cytokines pro-inflammatoires dans des modèles in vitro de monocytes stimulés par Porphyromonas gingivalis, parodontopathogène majeur. Cet agent modulateur de TREM-1 pourrait potentiellement être un adjuvant intéressant dans les thérapeutiques parodontales permettant de limiter l’amplitude de la réponse inflammatoire sans l’inhiber complètement.Periodontal diseases are chronic multifactorial inflammatory diseases, affecting the tissues surrounding the teeth. The current consensus concerning their etiopathogenesis recognizes that the majority of tissue destruction is the result of a complex dysbiotic infectious process associated with immune system dysfunctions possibly exacerbated by general factors such as stress/anxiety. TREM-1 (Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid cells-1) is an immunoreceptor expressed by neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages. It plays a fundamental role in the early stages of the inflammatory response and in particular in its amplification via TLRs (Toll-like receptor). In a clinical study in patients with periodontitis, we have observed, for the first time, the effects of a non-surgical periodontal treatment on the concentrations of the soluble receptor of TREM-1, sTREM-1, remaining higher in non-improved sites. However, TREM-1s, a potential marker of the inflammatory state of the site, does not appear to be a predictive marker of periodontal healing after treatment. Clinical results also provide a new insight into the complexity of the relationships between microbiological, clinical and psychosocial factors. At the same time, the use of the peptide LR12, modulator of TREM-1, induced decreased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in in vitro models of monocytes stimulated by Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major periodontopathogen. This TREM-1 modulating agent could potentially be an interesting adjuvant in periodontal therapies to limit the amplitude of the inflammatory response without completely inhibiting it

Variabilité climatique à haute fréquence dans une laminite lagunaire du Pléistocène moyen de Cros-De-Cagne (Alpes Maritimes).

The studied laminite is a part of a coastal terrace deposited during a highstand sea-level, in temperate interglacial context of the Middle Pleistocene. Diatoms analysis clearly showed the seasonally of the laminae. The spectral analysis including a FFT, a filtering and a reconstruction of the signal, revealed a series of periodicities of very high frequency (2-5 years), high frequency (10-13 years) and low frequency (40-70 years). These various frequencies are interpreted in terms of regional fundamental climatic components. They seem to be reported at the same time to solar forcing and to the North Atlantic Oscillation. The example thus treated falls under an high resolution approach of the Pho-Pleistocene climate. Ultimately, the exact processes of the lagoon functionning in connection with the regional climatic components is established.La laminite étudiée provient d'une terrasse littorale formée en période de haut-niveau de la mer, lors d'un interglaciaire tempéré du Pléistocène moyen. L'analyse des diatomées a montré que les dépôts laminés étaient saisonniers. L'analyse spectrale comprenant une FFT, un filtrage et une recomposition du signal a révélé une série de périodicités de très haute fréquence (2-5 ans), de haute fréquence (10-13 ans) et de basse fréquence (40-70 ans). Ces diverses fréquences sont interprétées en termes de composantes climatiques fondamentales régionales. Elles semblent relever à la fois du forçage solaire et de l'Oscillation Nord Atlantique. L'exemple ainsi traité s'inscrit dans une approche à haute résolution du climat du Plio-Pléistocène. En définitive un canevas de fonctionnement fin de la lagune en rapport avec les composantes climatiques régionales est établi.Dubar Michel, Huault Marie-Françoise. Variabilité climatique à haute fréquence dans une laminite lagunaire du Pléistocène moyen de Cros-De-Cagne (Alpes Maritimes).. In: Quaternaire, vol. 13, n°3-4, 2002. Événements rapides, instabilités, changements culturels au Quaternaire. pp. 171-177

Jeux de langage dans la maintenance automobile (paroles au travail, paroles et discours sur le travail)

ST QUENTIN EN YVELINES-BU (782972101) / SudocSudocFranceF

Effects of Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS and LR12 peptide on TREM-1 expression by monocytes

International audienceeriodontal disease involves the activation of host immune response, acting not only as defender of periodontal tissues against bacterial aggression but also as mediator of tissue destruction. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1) is an immune receptor that synergizes with Toll-like receptors in amplifying the inflammatory response mediated by microbial molecules.Aim: To investigate the role of P. gingivalis lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the effect of LR12, a TREM-1 inhibitory peptide, on the expression of membrane-bound and soluble form of TREM-1 on human primary monocytes, as well as the production of proinflammatory cytokines.Material and methods: Cells were stimulated with 1 μg/ml of LPS with or without LR12. PCR, flow cytometry and ELISA were used to determine TREM-1 expressions and cytokines release by monocytes.Results: P. gingivalis LPS can induce a significant increase in TREM-1 expression (mRNA, membrane-bound and soluble form, p < 0.001) as well as cytokines (IL-1β, TNFα) and chemokines (IL-8) production by monocytes. This monocytes' activation was partly prevented by LR12.Conclusions: TREM-1 inhibitors such as LR12 could be interesting for the modulation of the excessive inflammatory response that occurs during periodontal disease

What do we know about the mechanisms of action of probiotics on factors involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis? A scoping review of in vitro studies.

Objective: Probiotics are increasingly used in oral prevention and treatment conditions, but little is known about their abilities. The aim of this review is to clarify, summarize and disseminate current knowledge about the mode of action of in vitro probiotics on factors involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis.Method: 2495 articles were identified in three databases (Medline, Web of Science, SpringerLink) and 26 studies included in this scoping review.Results: Twenty-three probiotic species were identified, the majority of which were Lactobacilli or Bifidobacteria. Lactobacillus rhamnosus (30.8 %) and Lactobacillus reuteri (42.3 %) were found to be the two predominantly studied probiotic species and three main mechanisms of action of probiotics could be classified as: (i) modulation of the immuno-inflammatory response, (ii) direct actions of probiotics on periodontopathogens by adhesion or nutritive competitions and/or the secretion of antimicrobial molecules and (iii) indirect actions through environmental modifications. A combination of several probiotic strains seems to be beneficial via synergistic action amplifying the functions of each strain used. However, heterogeneity of the methodologies and probiotic species included in studies leads us to consider the following avenues for future research: (i) implementation of standardized periodontal models as close as possible to in vivo periodontal conditions to identify the functions of each strain for appropriate medication, (ii) updating data about interactions within oral biofilms to identify new candidates and to predict then analyze their behavior within these biofilms.Conclusion: Probiotics may have their place in the response to inter-individual variability in periodontitis, provided that the choice of the probiotic strain or combination of them will be personalized and optimal for each patient

Relations of Psychosocial Factors and Cortisol with Periodontal and Bacterial Parameters: A Prospective Clinical Study in 30 Patients with Periodontitis Before and After Non-Surgical Treatment

(1) Background: The progression of periodontitis, induced by polymicrobial dysbiosis, can be modified by systemic or environmental factors such as stress or anxiety affecting host response. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential associations between psychosocial factors scores or salivary cortisol levels with clinical periodontal parameters and bacterial environment in patients with periodontitis; (2) Methods: Subgingival microbiota was collected in two pathological and one healthy sites from thirty diseased patients (before/after scaling and root planing (SRP)) and from one healthy site from thirty control patients. Usual clinical periodontal parameters were recorded, and a saliva sample was harvested. Patients completed stress and anxiety self-assessment questionnaires. Cortisol concentrations were determined by ELISA and bacteria were identified by PCR; (3) Results: No correlation between salivary cortisol and the stress-anxiety self-declared was found (p &gt; 0.05), but high concentrations of this molecule were associated positively and linearly with periodontal pocket depth (p = 0.04). It appeared that certain psychosocial stressors are associated with a modulation of the bacterial colonization of pockets of diseased group (before/after SRP), notably concerning Tannerella forsythia (p = 0.02), Porphyromonas gingivalis (p = 0.03), Fusobacterium nucleatum (p = 0.049) and Campylobacter rectus (p = 0.01). (4) Conclusion: This study reveals associations between bacteria colonization and psychosocial parameters in periodontitis that needs to be further investigated

Antibiotic use in periodontal therapy among french dentists and factors which influence prescribing practices

International audienceThe aim of the present survey is to investigate the use of antibiotics during periodontal therapy among French dentists with a focus on exploring potential differences between various groups of practitioners. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed to different groups of practitioners including members of (i) the French Society of Periodontology and Implantology; (ii) the College of University Teachers in Periodontology and, (iii) private practitioners participating in the French general dental practice-based research network. 272 questionnaires were included in the analysis. Prescription patterns were globally in line with the current recommendations. Systemic antibiotics are most frequently used as a first-line therapy in necrotizing periodontitis (92%) and aggressive periodontitis (53.3% to 66.1%). However, malpractice still exists, including in the management of periodontal abscesses. Antibiotics are prescribed (i) less frequently for periodontal abscesses and (ii) more frequently for generalized aggressive periodontitis by members of the periodontal society and University college (p < 0.05). Amoxicillin (59.9%) and the amoxicillin + metronidazole (59.6%) combination were the most frequently prescribed molecules. Providing a high number of periodontal treatments per week, being more recently graduated, having a post-graduate certificate in periodontology and holding or having held an academic position/hospital practice were all factors associated with a better knowledge of and/or more adequate antibiotic us