Performances e marcas religiosas na reconfiguração da paisagem urbana: (re)leituras das habilidades de Geografia e Ensino Religioso na BNCC

According to the regulations of the Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) is a reference for the elaboration of school curricula and pedagogical proposals, in the various educational systems. The curricular components, organized into knowledge areas, are aimed at essential learning that should ensure the development of skills and competencies. For the purposes of this research, we delimited the Elementary School - final years, in the curricular components of Geography and Religious Education in order to answer the following question: which skills of the BNCC, in the curricular components of Geography and Religious Education, allow interdisciplinary dialogues and recognition of intersections performed in aesthetics, monuments, architectures that mark the presence of the religious in the urban landscape? The goal in the (re)readings of the skills was to identify, organize, and interpret this set of cognitive and socioemotional practices that interact the performances and the religious marks in the urban landscape. We sought to examine the content of the skills through comparative study. In order to interpret the data, it was necessary to delve into the conceptions of Geography and Religious Education presented in the introduction of the normative document, its competencies, and the attitudes expected at the end of elementary school. By comparing the skills and searching for theoretical affinities, it was possible to select those that will be essential to subsidize interdisciplinary dialogues and point out methodological possibilities in the analysis of the intersections of the religious and the urban.La Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) es referencia para la elaboración de los currículos escolares y propuestas pedagógicas en los variados sistemas educacionales, de acuerdo a los reglamientos de la legislación brasileña. Los componentes curriculares, organizados en áreas del conocimiento, tienen por objetivo enseñanzas esenciales que deben garantizar el desarrollo de habilidades y competencias. Para fines de esa investigación, se delimitó a la Educación Primaria en los componentes curriculares de Geografía y Enseñanza Religiosa con el intuito de contestar a la siguiente cuestión: ¿cuáles habilidades de la BNCC, en los componentes curriculares de Geografía y de Enseñanza Religiosa, permiten diálogos interdisciplinarios y reconocimiento de las intersecciones expresadas en lo estético, en monumentos, arquitecturas que subrayan la presencia de lo religioso en el paisaje urbano? El reto en las (re)lecturas de las habilidades fue identificar, organizar e interpretar a ese conjunto de prácticas cognitivas y socioemocionales que interactúan en los performances y los rasgos religiosos en el paisaje urbano. Se buscó examinar el contenido de las habilidades a través del estudio comparativo. Para interpretar a los datos fue necesario profundizar las concepciones de Geografía y Enseñanza Religiosa presentadas en la introducción del documento normativo, sus competencias y las actitudes esperadas al cabo de la Educación Primaria. Al comparar las habilidades y en la búsqueda de afinidades teóricas, fue posible seleccionar aquellas que serán esenciales para subsidiar a los diálogos interdisciplinarios y apuntar posibilidades metodológicas en el análisis de las intersecciones de lo religioso y de lo urbano.A Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) é referência para elaboração dos currículos escolares e propostas pedagógicas nos diversos sistemas educacionais, conforme regulamentações da legislação brasileira. Os componentes curriculares, organizados em áreas do conhecimento, visam a aprendizagens essenciais que devem garantir o desenvolvimento de habilidades e competências. Para fins dessa pesquisa, delimitou-se o Ensino Fundamental – anos finais nos componentes curriculares da Geografia e do Ensino Religioso, com o intuito de responder à seguinte questão: quais habilidades da BNCC, nos componentes curriculares de Geografia e Ensino Religioso, permitem diálogos interdisciplinares e reconhecimento das interseções performadas em estéticas, monumentos, arquiteturas que marcam a presença do religioso na paisagem urbana? Objetivou-se nas (re)leituras das habilidades identificar, organizar e interpretar esse conjunto de práticas cognitivas e socioemocionais que interagem com as performances e as marcas religiosas na paisagem urbana. Buscou-se examinar o conteúdo das habilidades por meio do estudo comparativo. Para interpretar os dados, foi necessário aprofundar as concepções de Geografia e Ensino Religioso apresentadas na introdução do documento normativo, suas competências e as atitudes esperadas ao final do Ensino Fundamental. Ao comparar as habilidades e buscar afinidades teóricas, foi possível selecionar aquelas que serão essenciais para subsidiar os diálogos interdisciplinares e apontar possibilidades metodológicas na análise das interseções do religioso e do urbano

Experimental investigation on the influence of the aspect ratio on the in-plane/out-of-plane interaction for masonry infills in RC frames

Abstract The analysis of the behaviour of masonry infills under out-of-plane (OOP) and in-plane (IP) loading is paramount to correctly assess the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) frames. A very important issue about this topic is certainly the IP/OOP interaction, namely the analysis of how the IP damage, which affects infills during earthquakes, can influence their OOP behaviour (and vice-versa). Some studies about this topic were developed in the last years; nevertheless, only a dozen of tests currently exists in the literature to experimentally explore this key issue. This work first presents an experimental campaign carried out on square infill walls in RC frames to investigate about the OOP behaviour of the masonry infills, and about the IP/OOP interaction. On the whole, four specimens have been tested under OOP monotonic loading. Three of them have been first damaged under cyclic IP actions, with different extent; the remaining one, used as a reference, was tested under OOP loading only. The experimental campaign is described in detail in terms of specimens' characteristics, material properties, adopted setup and instrumentation layout. The experimental results are analysed in terms of IP and OOP force-displacement responses, vertical arch strength contribution evolutions, and damage state evolutions, and compared with prediction proposals from the literature. Then, the influence of the infill aspect ratio (width (w)-to-height (h) ratio) on the IP/OOP interaction is investigated by means of the comparison between data presented herein (collected on infills with w/h = 1) and a companion experimental campaign previously performed on nominally identical infills except that for the aspect ratio of the specimens (in that case, higher than the unit). It has been observed that under given IP drift levels, square infills presented lower IP damage levels with respect to rectangular infills (with w/h > 1), thus generally producing a less pronounced detrimental effect of the IP imposed drift on the OOP strength. Nevertheless, none of the predictions from literature takes into account the role of the aspect ratio on the IP/OOP interaction, generally resulting in conservative predictions, to be improved in future works

Expression of Fluorescent Genes in Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma rangeli (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae): Its Application to Parasite-Vector Biology

Two Trypanosoma cruzi-derived cloning vectors, pTREX-n and pBs:CalB1/CUB01, were used to drive the expression of green fluorescent protein (GFP) and DsRed in Trypanosoma rangeli Tejera, 1920, and Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas, 1909, isolates, respectively. Regardless of the species, group, or strain, parasites harboring the transfected constructs as either episomes or stable chromosomal integrations showed high-level expression of fluorescent proteins. Tagged flagellates of both species were used to experimentally infect Rhodnius prolixus Stal, 1953. In infected bugs, single or mixed infections of T. cruzi and T. rangeli displayed the typical cycle of each species, with no apparent interspecies interactions. In addition, infection of kidney monkey cells (LLC-MK2) with GFP-T. cruzi showed that the parasite retained its fluorescent tag while carrying out its life cycle within cultured cells. The use of GFP-tagged parasites as a tool for biological studies in experimental hosts is discussed, as is the application of this method for copopulation studies of same-host parasitesFil: Guevara, Palmira. Universidad Central de Venezuela; VenezuelaFil: Dias, Manuel. Universidad de los Andes; ColombiaFil: Rojas, Agustina. Universidad de los Andes; ColombiaFil: Crisante, Gladys. Universidad de los Andes; ColombiaFil: Abreu Blanco, Maria Teresa. Universidad Central de Venezuela; VenezuelaFil: Umezawa, Eufrozina. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Vazquez, Martin Pablo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Levin, Mariano Jorge. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; ArgentinaFil: Añez, Nestor. Universidad de los Andes; ColombiaFil: Ramirez, Jose Luis. Instituto de Estudios Avanzados; Venezuel

Adiabatic deprotonation as an important competing pathway to ESIPT in photoacidic 2-phenylphenols

ESIPT (Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer) to C atom in 2-phenylphenol is known to be an intrinsically inefficient process. However, to the best of our knowledge, a structure-ESIPT efficiency relationship has not been elucidated yet. Here, we show that there exists a competitive interplay between photoacidity and ESIPT efficiency for the 2-phenylphenol system. The attachment of electron withdrawing groups to the phenol moiety promotes adiabatic deprotonation in the excited state and diminishes the charge transfer character of the excitations, and both these factors contribute in decreasing the ESIPT reaction yield. On the other hand, unfavorable conformational distribution in the ground state also appears as another important aspect responsible for the low ESIPT extent of 2-phenylphenol. A new derivative bearing electron donating, bulky substituents at ortho and para positions of the phenol ring shows an outstanding ESIPT performance, which demonstrates that the efficiency of the process can be significantly enhanced by modifying the substitution pattern. We anticipate that our results will help to guide the molecular designing of new compounds with high ESIPT efficiency.Fil: Mena, Leandro Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-química de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-química de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Vera, Domingo Mariano Adolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - Mar del Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones En Biodiversidad y Biotecnologia. Grupo de Investigacion En Quimica Analitica y Modelado Molecular.; ArgentinaFil: Baumgartner, Maria Teresa del V.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-química de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-química de Córdoba; ArgentinaFil: Jimenez, Liliana Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-química de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Físico-química de Córdoba; Argentin

Calibrating accelerometer data, as a promising tool for health and welfare monitoring in aquaculture: Case study in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) in conventional or organic aquaculture

Both the conventional and organic aquaculture sectors have grown rapidly over the past few years. Moreover, welfare has attracted increased attention on the part of both consumers and governments. However, fish welfare assessment is complex and thus needs to adapt measurements that are easily applicable to aquaculture conditions. In this study, in addition to classical welfare indicator measurements (physiological stress indicators and growth performance), we recorded the swimming activity data using acoustic transmitters to evaluate the welfare of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fed a conventional vs. an organic diet. Prior feeding trial, the swimming activity recorded by tag has been calibrated with water speed during critical swimming speed (Ucrit) tests. This calibration allowed us to increase the power of the recorded data, providing information on swimming activity with respect to the Ucrit value and on the metabolic cost of swimming. After a four-month experimental period, physiological stress indicators and growth performance did not differ significantly between the two diet groups. However, we observed a subtle difference in swimming activity: the fish in the organic diet group were more active during the feeding period in the morning. All indicators considered, our results suggest that an organic diet does not incur higher metabolic costs and does not affect the welfare of the European sea bass. Moreover, this study shows that the use of acoustic transmitters previously calibrated with physiological indicators, such as Ucrit, is a promising tool for welfare monitoring in aquaculture conditions

Assessment of LTCC-Based Dielectric Flat Lens Antennas and Switched-Beam Arrays for Future 5G Millimeter-Wave Communication Systems

[EN] This paper presents the design, low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) fabrication, and full experimental verification of novel dielectric flat lens antennas for future high data rate 5G wireless communication systems in the 60 GHz band. We introduce and practically completely evaluate and compare the performance of three different inhomogeneous gradient-index dielectric lenses with the effective parameters circularly and cylindrically distributed. These lenses, despite their planar profile antenna configuration, allow full 2-D beam scanning of high-gain radiation beams. A time-domain spectroscopy system is used to practically evaluate the permittivity profile achieved with the LTCC manufacturing process, obtaining very good results to confirm the viability of fabricating inhomogeneous flat lenses in a mass production technology. Then, the lenses performance is evaluated in terms of radiation pattern parameters, maximum gain, beam scanning, bandwidth performance, efficiencies, and impedance matching in the whole frequency band of interest. Finally, the performance of the three lenses is also experimentally evaluated and compared to a single omni-directional antenna and to a ten-element uniform linear array of omni-directional antennas in real 60 GHz wireless personal area network indoor line-of-sight (LOS) and obstructed-LOS environments, obtaining interesting and promising remarkable results in terms of measured received power and root-mean-square delay spread. At the end of this paper, an innovative switched-beam antenna array concept based on the presented cylindrically distributed effective parameters lens is also introduced and completely evaluated, confirming the potential applicability of the proposed antenna solution for future 5G wireless millimeter-wave communication system.This work was supported in part by the Spanish Inter-Ministerial Commission on Science and Technology (CICYT) under Projects TEC2013-47360-C3-1-P, TEC2013-47360-C3-2-P, and TEC2016-78028-C3-1-P, by FEDER and the Unidad de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu MDM-2016-0600, which is financed by the Agenda Estatal de Investigacion, Spain, and by the "Ministerio de Economia" through the FPI fellowship program.Imbert, M.; Romeu, J.; Baquero Escudero, M.; Martinez-Ingles, M.; Molina-García-Pardo, JM.; Jofre, L. (2017). Assessment of LTCC-Based Dielectric Flat Lens Antennas and Switched-Beam Arrays for Future 5G Millimeter-Wave Communication Systems. IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation. 65(12):6453-6473. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2017.2767821S64536473651

Ejecución de túneles en terreno deltaico mediante tuneladora EPB. El caso de la línea 9

The progressive increment in urban tunneling may generate significant problems. One of the main concerns is the unavoidable ground movements generated; before, during and after the tunneling operations. In this context, the objective of this monograph is the study of the ground movements, both on the surface and at depth, caused by tunnel excavations using Tunnel Boring Machines (TBMs). Within the scope of TBMs, we can distinguish between tunneling machines for hard ground and shield machines for excavation in low-strength soils. The shield machines and, specifically, the Earth Pressure Balance shields, are based on the principle of equilibrium between the tunnel face and the excavated soil in the front chamber. The presence of the excavated ground in the chamber avoids from instabilities, especially when excavating soils with low cohesion under water. An example of EPB tunneling is the case of the Line 9 (under construction) of the Barcelona Metro. Once the Line will be finished, it would be one of the longest lines in Europe with a total length of 47.8 Km constructed for the most part in an urban setting. This Line 9 tunnel crosses different types of soils. This monograph specifically refers to the excavation of Line 9 between Terminal 1 at the Prat airport and the industrial area called “Parc Logistic”. This 14 km- long section of the route is called Section 1 in the construction project of the Line 9 and corresponds to the stretch between the stations of Terminal T1 and Parc Logístic. The studied area is located in the Llobregat river delta and it is made up of quaternary deltaic deposits completely excavated in soft deltaic deposits of mixed soft clays that constitute a quite uniform layer. Tunneling is performed by two EPB machines of 9.4 m diameter. An important monitoring system was installed not only in Section 1 but throughout the whole line as well. The system was devoted to the measurement of the magnitude and distribution of ground movements before, during and after the passing of the EPB. The information on the horizontal and vertical movements, at the surface and at depth, is analyzed and compared with empirical and semi-empirical methods available in the literature. Both the cross-section and the longitudinal distributions are considered. For the case of surface settlement troughs, the comparisons are made at two times related to the excavation process. The first one, called short-term, considers the movements until the tunnel lining has been installed. The second one, called long-term, considers the movements until the consolidation of the ground has finished. The settlement distributions have been represented by an inverted Gaussian distribution curve that has been adjusted using different methods. In addition, the observed settlement troughs have been approximated by alternative empirical expressions and by equations based on analytical solutions. For the case of the vertical and horizontal movement distributions at depth, the same short-term and the long-term points mentioned above have been considered. Movements at depth have been examined in ten cross-sections (also called transverse sections) along the line, called Control Sections. In the same way, the data recorded by vibrating wire piezometers and Casagrande open piezometers have been analyzed and the variation of the piezometric has been plotted. The analysis of all the data collected has allowed the comparison between the results of Line 9 Section 1 with forty-five cases of tunnels excavated not only in similar soft soils, but also in sandy soils and in stiff clays. Finally, two-dimensional simulation of the excavation has been carried out using the Plaxis finite element program, using a constitutive model that includes small deformation behavior, the Small Strain Hardening Soil. The analysis has been able to reproduce satisfactorily the observed movements both in the short and long term, establishing a useful record for other EPB tunneling projects in similar soft soils.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Optimization of molecular detection of GD2 synthase mRNA in retinoblastoma

Extraocular dissemination is the main cause of death in patients with retinoblastoma in developing countries and there are few molecular markers that could be used for evaluation of minimal disseminated disease. The expression of the ganglioside GD2 is present in retinoblastoma cells metastatic to the bone marrow and the enzyme GD2 synthase activity is detected in neuroblastoma, which shares many phenotypic features with retinoblastoma. Our purpose was to optimize the detection of GD2 synthase expression by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) followed by nested-PCR in human retinoblastoma cell lines and patient samples. The optimization strategy was carried out by using the retinoblastoma cell lines Y79 and WERI-Rb1 and specific primers designed for the human sequence of the GD2 synthase mRNA. We detected GD2 synthase expression with at least 200 pg and 40 pg of total RNA extracted from cultured retinoblastoma cells, using a first round of RT-PCR amplification and a second round of nested-PCR, respectively. We have also confirmed the detection of GD2 synthase by RT-PCR and immunohistochemical expression of the ganglioside in human retinoblastoma tumors xenotransplanted in nude mice. In a study from tumor bank specimens from 8 retinoblastoma patients, we were able to demonstrate the presence of GD2 synthase mRNA in blood and cerebrospinal fluid samples in cases of extraocular dissemination of the tumor. The sequence was not detected in samples from children with low-risk disease or healthy adult volunteers. The detection of GD2 synthase mRNA through an optimized nested RT-PCR assay may be a promising tool for the assessment of minimal disseminated disease in enucleated patients.Fil: Laurent, Viviana Eunice. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Pediatría "Juan P. Garrahan". Servicio de Hemato-Oncología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Otero, Laura L.. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Vazquez, Valeria. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Camarero, Sandra. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Pediatría "Juan P. Garrahan"; ArgentinaFil: Gabri, Mariano Rolando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular; ArgentinaFil: Labrada, Maria. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Pediatría "Juan P. Garrahan"; ArgentinaFil: Garcia de Davila, Maria Teresa. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Pediatría "Juan P. Garrahan"; ArgentinaFil: Chantada, Guillermo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Gobierno de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires. Hospital de Pediatría "Juan P. Garrahan". Servicio de Hemato-Oncología; ArgentinaFil: Alonso, Daniel Fernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología. Laboratorio de Oncología Molecular; Argentin

Car-following techniques: reconsidering the role of the human factor

Keeping correct distance between vehicles is a fundamental tenet in road traffic. New road signs and markings appearing on motorways aid drivers in determining this distance. However, the ‘Nagoya experiment’ (Sugiyama et al., 2008) revealed correct distance made following safe while also eventually destabilizing traffic flow. When traffic becomes dense, most drivers keep the minimum safety distance and brake when the vehicle ahead decelerates. The resultant chain reaction along the entire line of closely following vehicles causes for no apparent reason a traffic stoppage, known as a ‘phantom’ or ‘shockwave’ jam. The car-following models of Sugiyama et al. found certain speeds, traffic densities, and inter-vehicular distances combined to congest traffic. Drawing upon these and other phenomena (e.g., wave movement in Nature), car following by Driving to keep Inertia (DI) was conceived by us as an alternative to Driving to keep Distance (DD). Three studies explored possible prevention of ‘phantom’ jams by adopting DI. Using a driving simulator, affective and behavioural measures were taken (N=113). The results comparing the efficiency of DI vs. DD are summarized. DI promoted a more stable driver trajectory, in cognitive-affective and behavioural terms, and lowered fuel consumption by about 20%