On-Line Instruction-checking in Pipelined Microprocessors

Microprocessors performances have increased by more than five orders of magnitude in the last three decades. As technology scales down, these components become inherently unreliable posing major design and test challenges. This paper proposes an instruction-checking architecture to detect erroneous instruction executions caused by both permanent and transient errors in the internal logic of a microprocessor. Monitoring the correct activation sequence of a set of predefined microprocessor control/status signals allow distinguishing between correctly and not correctly executed instruction

Fractional charges in pyrochlore lattices

A pyrochlore lattice is considered where the average electron number of electrons per site is half--integer, concentrating on the case of exactly half an electron per site. Strong on-site repulsions are assumed, so that all sites are either empty or singly occupied. Where there are in addition strong nearest--neighbour repulsions, a tetrahedron rule comes into effect, as previously suggested for magnetite. We show that in this case, there exist excitations with fractional charge (+/-) e/2. These are intimately connected with the high degeneracy of the ground state in the absence of kinetic energy terms. When an additional electron is inserted into the system, it decays into two point like excitations with charge -e/2, connected by a Heisenberg spin chain which carries the electron's spin.Comment: 10 pages, 4 eps figures. To appear in Decemeber issue of Annalen der Physi

Magnetic loop behind an interplanetary shock: Voyager, Helios and IMP-8 observations

The shock was followed by a turbulent sheath in which there were large fluctuations in both the strength and direction of the magnetic field. This in turn was followed by a region (magnetic cloud) in which the magnetic field vectors were observed to change by rotating nearly parallel to a plane, consistent with the passage of a magnetic loop. This loop extended at least 30 deg in longitude between 1-2 AU, and its radial dimension was approximately 0.5 AU. In the cloud the field strength was high and the density and temperature were relatively low. Thus, the dominant pressure in the cloud was that of the magnetic field

Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Make A Match untuk Meningkatkan Motivasi Belajar Siswa pada Mata Pelajaran IPS Siswa Kelas Viii.d SMP Negeri 1 Simpang Kanan

This study aims to increase students' motivation in social studies class of VIII. D SMPN 1 Simpang Kanan, Rokan Hilir through the implementation of learning model of Make A Match on the subject matter even semester in the academic year 2015/2016. The subjects of this study were 20 students consisting of 10 male students and 10 female students. From the research activity of teacher has increased in the first cycle obtained a score of 70.83% both categories, the percentage increased to 95.83% with the category very well. Activities of students in the first cycle only get a percentage 71.67% both categories, increased in the second cycle to a percentage of 86.67% with a good category. Student's motivation is also seen to rise, it is evident from the percentage of student motivation in the first cycle that only earn a percentage of 75.00% in both categories, the percentage increased to 83.75% in both categories. According to the results of the data analysis and discussion of the implementation of this study can be concluded that the use of learning model Make A Match with media cards can increase students' motivation in social studies class VIII D SMPN 1 Simpang Kanan, Simpang Kanan Rokan Hilir in the academic year 2015/2016

Use of Urinary Pregnanediol 3-glucuronide to Confirm Ovulation

Objective Urinary hormonal markers may assist in increasing the efficacy of Fertility Awareness Based Methods (FABM). This study uses urinary pregnanediol-3a-glucuronide (PDG) testing to more accurately identify the infertile phase of the menstrual cycle in the setting of FABM. Methods Secondary analysis of an observational and simulation study, multicentre, European study. The study includes 107 women and tracks daily first morning urine (FMU), observed the changes in cervical mucus discharge, and ultrasonography to identify the day of ovulation over 326 menstrual cycles. The following three scenarios were tested: (A) use of the daily pregnandiol-3a-glucuronide (PDG) test alone; (B) use of the PDG test after the first positive urine luteinizing hormone (LH) kit result; (C) use of the PDG test after the disappearance of fertile type mucus. Two models were used: (1) one day of PDG positivity; or (2) waiting for three days of PDG positivity before declaring infertility. Results After the first positivity of a LH test or the end of fertile mucus, three consecutive days of PDG testing over a threshold of 5 μg/mL resulted in a 100% specificity for ovulation confirmation. They were respectively associated an identification of an average of 6.1 and 7.6 recognized infertile days. Conclusions The results demonstrate a clinical scenario with 100% specificity for ovulation confirmation and provide the theoretical background for a future development of a competitive lateral flow assay for the detection of PDG in the urine

Gaucher Disease and Myelofibrosis: A Combined Disease or a Misdiagnosis?

Background: Gaucher disease (GD) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF) share similar clinical and laboratory features, such as cytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, and marrow fibrosis, often resulting in a misdiagnosis. Case Report: We report here the case of a young woman with hepatosplenomegaly, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Based on bone marrow (BM) findings and on liver biopsy showing extramedullary hematopoiesis, an initial diagnosis of PMF was formulated. The patient refused stem cell transplantation from an HLA-identical sibling. Low-dose melphalan was given, without any improvement. Two years later, a BM evaluation showed Gaucher cells. Low glucocerebrosidase and high chitotriosidase levels were indicative for GD. Molecular analysis revealed N370S/complex I mutations. Enzyme replacement therapy with imiglucerase was commenced, resulting in clinical and hematological improvements. Due to an unexpected and persistent organomegaly, PMF combined with GD were suspected. JAK2V617F, JAK2 exon 12, MPL, calreticulin, and exon 9 mutations were negative, and BM examination showed no marrow fibrosis. PMF was excluded. Twenty years after starting treatment, the peripheral cell count and liver size were normal, whereas splenomegaly persisted. Conclusion: In order to avoid a misdiagnosis, a diagnostic algorithm for patients with hepatosplenomegaly combined with cytopenia is suggested

Supporting the active learning of collaborative database browsing techniques

We describe the implications of a study of database browsing behaviour for the development of a system to support more effective browsing. In particular we consider the importance of collaborative working, both in learning browsing skills and in co‐operating on a shared information‐retrieval task. From our study, we believe that an interface to support collaboration should promote the awareness of the activities of others, better visualization of the information data structures being browsed, and effective communication of the browsing process