19 research outputs found
Using the Parent-Infant Relationship Global Assessment Scale (PIR-GAS) to identify caregiver – infant/toddler dyads with abusive relationship patterns in six European countries:Identify Abusive Relationships With the PIR-GAS
The study examined whether the Diagnostic Classification of Mental Health and Developmental Disorders of Infancy and Early Childhood, Revised Edition (DC: 0-3R; ZERO TO THREE, 2005) Parent-Infant Relationship Global Assessment Scale (PIR-GAS) is applicable to six European countries and contributes to the identification of caregiver-infant/toddler dyads with abusive relationship patterns. The sample consisted of 115 dyads with children's ages ranging from 1 to 47 months. Sixty-four dyads were recruited from community settings without known violence problems, and 51 dyads were recruited from clinical settings and already had been identified with violence problems or as being at risk for violence problems. To classify the dyads on the PIR-GAS categories, caregiver-child interactions were video-recorded and coded with observational scales appropriate for child age. To test whether the PIR-GAS allows for reliable identification of dyads with abusive relationship patterns, PIR-GAS ratings were compared with scores on the the International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect's (ISPCAN) Child Abuse Screening Tool-Parental Version (ICAST-P; D.K. Runyan etal., ), a questionnaire measuring abusive parental disciplinary practices. It was found that PIR-GAS ratings differentiated between the general and the clinical sample, and the dyads with abusive patterns of relationship were identified by both the PIR-GAS and the ICAST-P. Interrater reliability for the PIR-GAS ranged from moderate to excellent. The value of a broader use of tools such as the DC: 0-3R to promote early identification of families at risk for infant and toddler abuse and neglect is discussed.info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersio
Using the Parent-Infant Relationship Global Assessment Scale (PIR-GAS) to identify caregiver – infant/toddler dyads with abusive relationship patterns in six European countries:Identify Abusive Relationships With the PIR-GAS
The study examined whether the Diagnostic Classification of Mental Health and Developmental Disorders of Infancy and Early Childhood, Revised Edition (DC: 0-3R; ZERO TO THREE, 2005) Parent-Infant Relationship Global Assessment Scale (PIR-GAS) is applicable to six European countries and contributes to the identification of caregiver-infant/toddler dyads with abusive relationship patterns. The sample consisted of 115 dyads with children's ages ranging from 1 to 47 months. Sixty-four dyads were recruited from community settings without known violence problems, and 51 dyads were recruited from clinical settings and already had been identified with violence problems or as being at risk for violence problems. To classify the dyads on the PIR-GAS categories, caregiver-child interactions were video-recorded and coded with observational scales appropriate for child age. To test whether the PIR-GAS allows for reliable identification of dyads with abusive relationship patterns, PIR-GAS ratings were compared with scores on the the International Society for the Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect's (ISPCAN) Child Abuse Screening Tool-Parental Version (ICAST-P; D.K. Runyan etal., ), a questionnaire measuring abusive parental disciplinary practices. It was found that PIR-GAS ratings differentiated between the general and the clinical sample, and the dyads with abusive patterns of relationship were identified by both the PIR-GAS and the ICAST-P. Interrater reliability for the PIR-GAS ranged from moderate to excellent. The value of a broader use of tools such as the DC: 0-3R to promote early identification of families at risk for infant and toddler abuse and neglect is discussed.info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersio
Lifetime and past-year prevalence of children’s exposure to violence in 9 Balkan countries: the BECAN study
Background
Children’s exposure to violence is a major public health issue. The Balkan epidemiological study on Child Abuse and Neglect project aimed to collect internationally comparable data on violence exposures in childhood.
Methods
A three stage stratified random sample of 42,194 school-attending children (response rate: 66.7%) in three grades (aged 11, 13 and 16 years) was drawn from schools in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Former Yugoslavian Republic of Macedonia (FYROM), Greece, Romania, Serbia and Turkey. Children completed the ICAST-C questionnaire, which measures children’s exposure to violence by any perpetrator.
Results
Exposure rates for psychological violence were between 64.6% (FYROM) and 83.2% (Greece) for lifetime and 59.62% (Serbia) and 70.0% (Greece) for past-year prevalence. Physical violence exposure varied between 50.6% (FYROM) and 76.3% (Greece) for lifetime and 42.5% (FYROM) and 51.0% (Bosnia) for past-year prevalence. Sexual violence figures were highest for lifetime prevalence in Bosnia (18.6%) and lowest in FYROM (7.6%). Lifetime contact sexual violence was highest in Bosnia (9.8%) and lowest in Romania (3.6%). Past-year sexual violence and contact sexual violence prevalence was lowest in Romania (5.0 and 2.1%) and highest in Bosnia (13.6 and 7.7% respectively). Self-reported neglect was highest for both past-year and lifetime prevalence in Bosnia (48.0 and 20.3%) and lowest in Romania (22.6 and 16.7%). Experiences of positive parental practices were reported by most participating children in all countries.
Conclusions
Where significant differences in violence exposure by sex were observed, males reported higher exposure to past-year and lifetime sexual violence and females higher exposure to neglect. Children in Balkan countries experience a high burden of violence victimization and national-level programming and child protection policy making is urgently needed to address this
Standard and Variable Key Anatomical Structures for Safe Surgical Repair of Bochdalek Hernia: A Rare Case Series
Bochdalek hernia (BH) is a developmental defect in the posterolateral
diaphragm, allowing herniation of abdominal contents into the thorax
causing mechanical compression of the thoracic viscera. This type of
hernia is rare in adults, usually asymptomatic and may be diagnosed
incidentally in a routine chest X-ray.
The aim of the present retrospective study was to highlight the standard
and important anatomical structures that are crucial to safe surgical
repair of BH during laparotomy and thoracotomy by the placement of mesh
graft, along with a short review of the existing evidence.
Records from 2005 to 2017 were reviewed to identify the patients with
adult BH who underwent mesh repair through thoracotomy or laparotomy and
evaluate the possible complications and results. Six patients were
operated for adult BH with the above-mentioned techniques. Four
underwent laparotomy and two were treated through thoracotomy. Mild
fever was reported only in one patient. There was significant
improvement in the symptoms of all patients and no recurrence was
reported in the subsequent follow-up period.
Surgical treatment is strongly indicated for both symptomatic and
asymptomatic patients. Surgeons' in-depth knowledge of the anatomy of
the diaphragm will ensure better outcomes for the patients
Anomalous anatomic trajectory of the superior thyroid artery encountered during thyroidectomy. A rare case report
Superior thyroid artery (STA), which is one of the primary arteries
supplying to the thyroid gland, constitutes a severe consideration of
both surgeons and interventional radiologists. Knowledge of the origin,
the trajectory, the branching patterns and the anatomic aberrations of
STA are of paramount clinical significance, due to its proximity to the
external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and the potentiality of
accidental hemorrhage. The present manuscript reports for the first time
the anomalous trajectory of the left STA, coursing superficially,
through the left sternothyroid muscle and underlines the clinical
significance of such aberrations
Liposarcoma of the pelvic fossa masquerading as hematoma: a rare case report and its surgical management
Liposarcomas constitute rare malignant tumors of the soft tissue,with
wide anatomical distribution. The prompt diagnosis of a liposarcoma is
extremely challenging since these tumors tend to remain asymptomatic,
until they grow enough to displace adjacent anatomical structures. In
the presented case, a 55-year-old Caucasian male proceeded to our
institution complaining about irreducible swelling of the right iliac
fossa and constant discomfort, over the course of a year. His medical
history revealed injury of the right groin and pelvis a year ago. The
diagnosis was ilioinguinal liposarcoma masquerading as hematoma, due to
the previous injury.The patient underwent primary complete tumor
resection, and the operation was uneventful.The essential diagnostic and
surgical steps for the management of a liposarcoma,mimicking a hematoma
are meticulously described
Surgical administration of multiple glomus tumors in uncommon anatomic regions in a 17-year-old female. A rare case report
Glomus tumor (GT) constitutes a rare, benign, soft-tissue tumor emerging
from neuro-myo-arterial glomus bodies. Due to its rarity, and absence of
typical symptoms, GT is usually misdiagnosed, with a potential risk of
rupture and infection, or even malignant transformation. The present
manuscript reports a rare case of a 17-year-old young woman with
multiple GTs in her lower back, breach and left thigh that was
surgically treated. The manuscript aims to highlight the importance of
prompt diagnosis and surgical treatment of this peculiar tumor in young
patients and raise surgeons' awareness
Intestinal necrosis and sigmoid colon obstruction due to bilateral strangulated femoral hernia in a male: a rare surgical and anatomic case report
Bilateral femoral hernia is a peculiar clinical condition, with female
predominance, with only a few cases reported in the literature. There
are only two cases of bilateral strangulated femoral hernias, and these
occur solely in females. To our knowledge, in the present manuscript, a
bilateral strangulated femoral hernia in a male patient is reported for
the first time. A 68-year-old male proceeded to the emergency department
of our institution with symptoms of bowel obstruction. Abdominal
computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and subsequent emergency
laparotomy revealed obstruction of the sigmoid colon and simultaneous
necrosis of several loops of the small intestine due to bilateral
strangulated femoral hernia. The operation was uneventful. Despite the
scarcity of this clinical condition, surgeons' awareness is fundamental,
in addition to deep knowledge of the pathology and the anatomy of
femoral hernias, in order to diagnose and treat adequately strangulated
and incarcerated femoral hernias