Co-construction d’une ethnographie émancipatrice et féministe

This contribution traces the collaborative construction of a close-up ethnography that studied the strategies put in place by migrant domestic workers to access social protection during 20 months. While looking at this process, the author suggests new practices of knowledge construction. Inspired by the works of Donna Haraway she advises the adoption of a mutated witness position, which helps to rebalance the power relations between author and participants.  La présente contribution retrace le processus de co-construction d’une « ethnographie du proche » qui durant 20 mois fut focalisée sur les stratégies des travailleuses migrantes pour accéder à la protection sociale. L’auteure propose d’esquisser de nouvelles pratiques de production du savoir inspirées des travaux de Donna Haraway, telles que l’adoption d’une posture de « témoin muté » permettant de rééquilibrer les relations de pouvoir entre le participant et l’auteur. &nbsp

Digital education platforms in engineering: teaching and researching

[EN] This Digitalization has provided social transformation that opens up new chances in all living environment that also involves the education. This phenomenon arrives in teaching methodologies and how knowledge of teaching is processed. Nowadays, among the large number of digital tools the e-learning educational platforms are widely used for its versatility and for the information that it provides about the use of itself. Thus, digital technologies have deeply transformed both, the collecting data methods and the amount of data in the field of education research. In this work, we used a Web 2.0 e-learning platform with a large variety of applications (repository, content, news, forums, etc.) to encourage student satisfaction and motivation in the environmental engineering area. The platform provides a huge amount of data of its use such as number of visits, the average time of the visit, number of activities, number of tasks performed, and day of the week activity. However, a deep study of how the platform is employed by the students the strength and the weakness and the risks of this tool have not been done in this area. For that, this study is carried out in a subject named ¿Environmental Impact¿ that contributes 45h to the master degree of ¿Environmental Engineering¿ in the first year taught in the Universitat Politècnica de València (Spain). The most characteristic of this subject is the heterogeneous composition of the student since they come from different degrees, universities, ages, and knowledge. Thus, this exploratory empirical research aims to determine if there are different ways of uses of this e-learning methodology between students depending on their academic trajectory to optimize the tool. Date from the platform is collected and analyse applying the statistical methods such the analysis of variance in SPSS 16.0 to descriptive the starting point from which we began and to obtain answers to the preliminary hypotheses formulated about the use of the e-tools. The results show that the use of Web 2.0 fosters academic progress in the subjects taught due to the wide range of learning experiences. One of the most valued features by students is the freedom of the time and space dimension of the platforms. It is also found that the learning platform raises collaborative work between students increasing academic progressPaches Giner, MAV.; Romero Gil, I. (2021). Digital education platforms in engineering: teaching and researching. IATED Academy. 6457-6464. https://doi.org/10.21125/inted.2021.1292S6457646

Deep learning through the case method

[EN] Environmental Impact Assessment is a subject that aims to sensitize students about the need to study and adequately foresee the consequences that human actions have on the environment. Thus, this subject allows to address the syllabus in an interdisciplinary, complex and dynamic work environment. To success, it is essential that students achieve deep learning, and be able to identify patterns and connections in systems. For that, the subject must be developed as a whole. For this reason, the Case Method is chosen as the learning methodology, by facilitating the relationship with the reality of the selected cases and achieving in the students a greater capacity for analysis, interpretation and use of the concepts worked, enhancing their meaningful learning. Thus, the objective of this research was to verify whether the use of the case method, a methodology focused on learning, improved the learning strategies of students at the University level. For this, we used a pre-test/post-test experimental design using the CEVEAPEU questionnaire. The results showed that students use more and better learning strategies. There are significant differences in the students' learning strategies, in the global score, in the two scales and four out of six subscales: Motivational strategies, Metacognitive strategies, Information search and selection strategies, and Processing and use strategies. The use of the case method as a pedagogical tool allowed students to learn better, both individually and in groups. This methodology required a proactive, constant and cooperative participation of the students, that promote the responsibility in their work development and allows to get closer to their professional future.Romero Gil, I.; Paches Giner, MAV. (2021). Deep learning through the case method. IATED Academy. 5527-5536. https://doi.org/10.21125/inted.2021.1118S5527553

Asociación de los estilos parentales, estructura y percepción familiar en la aparición de conductas delictivas en adolescentes

The main objective of this study was to establish the relationship between parental styles, family structure and the perception of family functionality in the appearance of criminal behaviors of adolescents belonging to the social service of the city of Sincelejo. To do this, a quantitative, correlational, cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 181 adolescents to whom an Ad hoc characterization questionnaire was applied and the AD questionnaires of Seisdedos, the family apgar and the parental style scale. The results show significant relationships between criminal behaviors and a low perception of family functionality based on poor family cohesion, one-way communication, assertions of power, rigid and inflexible norms and little affective involvement, typical of authoritarian and negligent parenting styles. These results allowed to conclude that the family factor that has a significant influence on the adoption of criminal behaviors in adolescents is the perception that they have about family functioning and support factors, conflict resolution, participation in decision-making, establishment of limits and tolerance to the crisis that are present in the family environment.El objetivo principal del presente estudio fue establecer la relación entre los estilos parentales, la estructura familiar y la percepción de la funcionalidad familiar en la aparición de conductas delictivas de los adolescentes pertenecientes al servicio social de la ciudad de Sincelejo. Para ello, se realizó un estudio de tipo cuantitativo, de nivel correlacional y de corte transversal, con una muestra de 181 adolescentes a quienes se les aplicó un cuestionario de caracterización Ad hoc y se les aplicaron los cuestionarios A-D de Seisdedos, el apgar familiar y la escala de estilos parentales. Los resultados muestran relaciones significativas entre las conductas delictivas y una baja percepción de la funcionalidad familiar basada en la poca cohesión familiar, comunicación unidireccional, afirmaciones de poder, normas rígidas e inflexibles y poca implicación afectiva, propios de estilos de crianza autoritarios y negligentes. Estos resultados permitieron concluir que el factor familiar que incide de manera significativa en la adopción de conductas delictivas en los adolescentes es la percepción que estos tienen acerca del funcionamiento familiar y de los factores de apoyo, resolución de conflictos, participación en la toma de decisiones, establecimiento de límites y tolerancia a la crisis que encuentren presentes en el entorno familiar

FAIR Begins at home: Implementing FAIR via the Community Data Driven Insights

Arguments for the FAIR (Findable, Accesible, Inter-operable and Reusable) principles of science have mostly been based on appeals to values. However, the work of onboarding diverse researchers to make efficient and effective implementations of FAIR requires different appeals. In our recent effort to transform the institution into a FAIR University by 2025, here we report on the experiences of the Community of Data Driven Insights (CDDI), a interfaculty initiative where all university-wide research data service providers are joined together to support researchers and research groups (e.g. see research showcase example here) with all aspects concerning research data management. CDDI aims to turn all digital objects within Maastricht University (UM) into FAIR Digital Objects (FDO) and by disclosing the progress and challenges of implementing FDOs (e.g. see CDDI OSF repo: https://osf.io/398cz/), we hope to shed light on the process in a way that might be useful for other institutions in Europe and elsewhere. We initially identified 5 challenges for FDO implementation. These challenges were first a matter of reshaping the culture of science making practices to fit the FAIR principles. Additionally, it required an educational awareness within the scientific communities, and finally financial and technical tools to actually facilitate the transition to FAIR practices of science making. These perspectives show the complex dimensions of FAIR principles and FDO implementation to researchers across disciplines in a single university

Selection of an indicator to assess a highly modified saline ecosystem

[EN] The Water Framework Directive (WFD, 2000/60/EC) determines that all water bodies must achieve a good eco-logical status. The solar salterns system of Mata-Torrevieja (Spain) has been designated as Heavily ModifiedWater Bodies (HMWB). This ecosystem is a transitional water body (TW) largely conditioned by socio-economic managementplan and the related human activities that takeplace. Thus, WFD establishesas obligatorythe determination of their ecological potential, and not their ecological status. In order to define the ecologicalpotential, it is necessary to determine previously the chemical and biological conditions of the water body.This paper is focused on the analysis of physical-chemical parameters of a saltern system during 2008¿2016, inorder to establish a starting point for the implementation process of the WFD in this type of ecosystem (TW-HMWB). The behavior of salinity and physical-chemical parameters (temperature, pH, nutrients) has been stud-ied. Salinity was the most relevant parameter studied to define pressures for these water bodies. However, totalphosphorus turned out to be a good potential status indicator. It would be one of the most suitable chemical pa-rameters to propose a methodology for the determination of the ecological potential in the salterns.This research was funded by Instituto de Ingeniería del Agua y Medio Ambiente (IIAMA) from Universitat Politècnica de València and several regional departments (Conselleria d'Educació, Formació i Ocupació; Conselleria d'Infraestructures, Territori i Medi Ambient and Conselleria d'Agricultura, Pesca, Alimentació i Aigua) de la Generalitat Valenciana.Romero Gil, I.; Paches Giner, MAV.; Martínez-Guijarro, MR. (2019). Selection of an indicator to assess a highly modified saline ecosystem. The Science of The Total Environment. 693. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133656S69

Sources, Mobility, Reactivity, and Remediation of Heavy Metal(loid) Pollution: A Review

[EN] Heavy metal(loid)s are a group of elements present commonly in the environment, including Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Hg, Pb, and As elements, among others. While these elements could have their origins in natural sources, anthropogenic activities, such as mining, agriculture, industry, etc., are also responsible for enhancing the concentration of these elements in the ecosystems up to undesirable levels. A few of these metal(loid)s serve as necessary micronutrients for life, while the others are extremely harmful and might affect the entire trophic chain upon entering the natural ecosystems due to their mobility and toxicity characteristics. Most of these heavy metal(loid) pollutants are already recognized for their harmful effects; nevertheless, their environmental control encounters obstruction due to various factors. In this context, the present report details the key points regarding the anthropogenic sources of heavy metal(loid) pollution, which are increasing rapidly with time due to the emerging industry practices and processes, the elements causing this kind of pollution, and the physicochemical processes of these elements occurring in the environment¿air interface, soil, and water-air interface. These elements exert a severe impact on the environment, which could be mitigated through the development and application of various remediation techniques. Therefore, the present report concludes with a final discussion on the various remediation treatments currently available for reducing the heavy metal(loid) contamination level in both water and soil.Martínez-Guijarro, MR.; Paches Giner, MAV.; Romero Gil, I.; Aguado García, D. (2021). Sources, Mobility, Reactivity, and Remediation of Heavy Metal(loid) Pollution: A Review. Advances in Environmental and Engineering Research. 2(4):1-30. https://doi.org/10.21926/aeer.2104033S1302

Active methodologies for deep learning in sustainable development goals

[EN] The general objective of this project was to improve the quality of student learning, from the point of view of a global objective, sustainable development, and therefore aligned with the SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals). It is intended that students achieve deep learning in this area, favouring the transfer of the knowledge acquired to their future professional and social life. This deep learning promotes the integral development of the student, not only from an academic point of view, but also social and ecological. Project Based Learning (PBL), as an active learning methodology, is being widely used as a deep learning strategy. In this project, it has been used in several subjects, from different degrees, schools, and campus. The learning strategies have been evaluated by means of a learning evaluation questionnaire (CEVEAPEU) before and after the application of the PBL. In addition, student satisfaction and generic skills (i.e. ethical, environmental and professional responsibility) have been assessed. The project aims to find a solution a specific real case, such as an environmental or social problem. The results show that PBL has favoured the cooperative work of students and has increased their motivation. The students could select the topics that interest them the most and that they consider important in their professional future. They have worked collaboratively and actively, planning the project, making decisions, implementing it, and evaluating it. The students have ¿acted¿ and the teachers have been advisors or guides, thus promoting intrinsic motivation. This active methodology has allowed students to learn in a collaborative and cooperative way, fostering their motivation and achieving deep learning in environmental aspects.The project of innovation and educational improvement in which this communication is framed has received financial support from the Institute of Education Sciences (ICE) of the Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) Proyecto de Innovación y Mejora Educativa (PIME/19-20/174 ), Objetivo Agenda 2030 y UPV 2020: Aprendizaje ambiental profundo en la UPV.Romero Gil, I.; Paches Giner, MAV.; Sebastiá-Frasquet, M.; Hernández Crespo, C. (2021). Active methodologies for deep learning in sustainable development goals. IATED Academy. 5506-5513. https://doi.org/10.21125/inted.2021.1115S5506551

Long-term study of seasonal changes in phytoplankton community structure in the western Mediterranean (Valencian Community)

[EN] Ecosystem-based management is one of the strategies to protect the coastal areas. One of the key elements is phytoplankton community composition since it represents a good indicator of anthropogenic pressures. This identifies the seasonal patterns of phytoplankton, and its alterations by the stress factors induced by human activities are highly valuable. This research represents the first attempt to study that 476 km of western Mediterranean coastal belongs to the Valencian Community (Spain) based on the phytoplankton composition approach. The water samples during a 5-year period (6757 water samples) were taken to determine its phytoplankton group¿s dynamics and its relationship with anthropogenic stressors by means of a series of plots and statistical analyses. Diatoms are the group that most contribute to the whole community composition with two periods of maximum abundance. The Prasinophyceae and Cryptophyceae show unimodal patterns varying its maximum values depending on the season. The picocyanobacteria group exhibited the clearest and bestdefined pattern. Other groups have no clear seasonal pattern and become abundant in areas of higher anthropogenic pressure.Paches Giner, MAV.; Aguado García, D.; Martínez-Guijarro, MR.; Romero Gil, I. (2019). Long-term study of seasonal changes in phytoplankton community structure in the western Mediterranean (Valencian Community). Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 26(14):14266-14276. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04660-xS14266142762614Alvain S, Moulin C, Dandonneau Y, Loisel H (2008) Seasonal distribution and succession of dominant phytoplankton groups in the global ocean: a satellite view. Glob Biogeochem Cycles 22:GB3001. https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GB003154Boyd PW, Rynearson TA, Armstrong EA, Fu F, Hayashi K, Hu Z, Hutchins DA, Kudela RM, Litchman E, Mulholland MR, Passow U, Strzepek RF, Whittaker KA, Yu E, Thomas MK (2013) Marine phytoplankton temperature versus growth responses from polar to tropical waters – outcome of a scientific community-wide study. PLoS One 8(5):e63091. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063091Buitenhuis E, Li WKW, Vaulot D, Lomas MW, Landry MR, Partensky F, Karl DM, Ulloa O, Campbell L, Jacquet S, Lantoine F, Chavez F, Macias D, Gosselin M, McManus GB (2012) Picophytoplankton biomass distribution in the global ocean. Earth Syst Sci Data 4:37–46Casas B, Varela M, Canle M, González N, Bodea A (1997) Seasonal variations of nutrients, seston and phytoplankton, and upwelling intensity off La Coruña (NW Spain). Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 44:767–778Cerino F, Zingone A (2006) A survey of cryptomonad diversity and seasonality at a coastal Mediterranean site. Eur J Phycol 41:363–378Chen B, Liu H (2010) Relationships between phytoplankton growth and cell size in surface oceans: interactive effects of temperature, nutrients, and grazing. Limnol Oceanogr 55:965–972Chisholm SW (1992) Phytoplankton size. In: Falkowski PG, Woodhead AD, Vivirito K (eds) Primary productivity and biogeochemical cycles in the sea. Springer, BostonClaudet J, Fraschetti S (2010) Human-driven impacts on marine habitats: a regional meta-analysis in the Mediterranean Sea. Biol Conserv 143:2195–2206Cloern JE, Foster SQ, Kleckner AE (2014) Phytoplankton primary production in the world’s estuarine-coastal. Biogeosciences 11:2477–2501. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2477-2014Díez B, Pedrós-Alió C, Marsh TL, Massana R (2001) Application of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to study the diversity of marine picoeukaryotic assemblages and comparison of DGGE with other molecular techniques. Appl Environ Microbiol 67:2942–2951Edwards M, Richardson AJ (2004) Impact of climate change on marine pelagic phenology and trophic mismatch. Nature 430:881–884Falkowski PG, Barber RT, Smetacek V (1998) Biogeochemical controls and feedbacks on ocean primary production. Science 281:200–206Hair JE, Anderson RE, Tatham RL, Black WC (2006) Multivariate data analysis, 5th edn. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle RiverHoef-Emden K (2014) Osmotolerance in the Cryptophyceae: jacks-of-all trades in the Chroomonas clade. Protist. 165:123–143Jones RI (2000) Mixotrophy in planktonic protists: an overview. Freshw Biol 45:219–226Kaiser H (1974) An index of factorial simplicity. Psychometrika 39:31–36Kirkwood D, Aminot A, Pertillä M (1991) Report on the results of the fourth intercomparison exercise for nutrients in sea water. ICES Cooperative Research Report, n°174Lejeusne C, Chevaldonne P, Pergent-Martini C, Boudouresque CF, Perez T (2010) Climate change effects on a miniature ocean: the highly diverse, highly impacted Mediterranean Sea. Trends Ecol Evol 25:250–260Lepistö L, Holopainen A (2003) Occurrence of Cryptophyceae and katablepharids in boreal lakes. Hydrobiologia 502:307–310Litchman E, Klausmeier CA (2008) Trait-based community ecology of phytoplankton. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst 39:615–639Lund JWG, Kipling C, Le Cren ED (1958) The inverted microscope method of estimating algal numbers and the statistical basis of estimations by counting. Hydrobiologia 11:143–170Marie D, Zhu F, Balaguer V, Ras J, Vaulot D (2006) Eukaryotic picoplankton communities of the Mediterranean Sea in summer assessed by molecular approaches (DGGE, TTGE, QPCR). FEMS Microbiol Ecol 55:403–415Micheli F, Halpern B, Walbridge S, Ciriaco S, Ferretti F, Fraschetti S, Lewison R, Nykjaer L, Rosenberg AA (2013) Cumulative human impacts on Mediterranean and Black Sea marine ecosystems: assessing current pressures and opportunities. PLoS One 8(12):e79889. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079889Moisan JR, Moisan TA, Abbot MR (2002) Modelling the effect of temperature on the maximum growth rates of phytoplankton populations. Ecol Model 153:197–215Morán XAG (2007) Annual cycle of picophytoplankton photosynthesis and growth rates in a temperate coastal ecosystem: a major contribution to carbon fluxes. Aquat Microb Ecol 49:267–279Niemi G, Wardrop D, Brooks R, Anderson S, Brady V, Paerl H, Rakocinski C, Brouwer M, Levinson B, McDonald M (2004) Rationale for a new generation of indicators for coastal waters. Environ Health Perspect 112:979–986Pachés M, Romero I, Hermosilla Z, Martínez-Guijarro R (2012) Phymed: an ecological classification system for the water framework directive based on phytoplankton community composition. Ecol Indic 19:15–23Palenik B, Grimwoodc J, Aerts A, Rouzé P, Salamov A, Putnam N (2007) The tiny eukaryote Ostreococcus provides genomic insights into the paradox of plankton speciation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:7705–7710Parsons TR, Maita Y, Lalli CM (1984) A manual of chemical and biological methods for seawater analysis. Pergamon Press, LondonReynolds CS (2006) The ecology of phytoplankton. Cambridge University Press, CambridgeReynolds CS, Huszar V, Kruk C, Naselli-Flores L, Melo S (2002) Towards a functional classification of the freshwater phytoplankton. J Plankton Res 24:417–428. https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/24.5.417Ribera d’Alcalà M, Conversano F, Corato F, Licandro P, Mangoni O, Marino D, Mazzocchi MG, Modigh M, Montresor M, Nardella M, Saggiomo V, Sarno D, Zingone A (2004) Seasonal patterns in plankton communities in a pluriannual time series at a coastal Mediterranean site (gulf on Naples): an attempt to discern recurrences and trends. Sci Mar 68:65–83Romero I, Pachés M, Martínez-Guijarro R, Ferrer J (2013) Glophymed: an index to establish the ecological status for the water framework directive based on phytoplankton in coastal waters. Mar Pollut Bull 75:218–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2013.07.028Sammartino M, Di Cicco A, Marullo S, Santoleri R (2015) Spatio-temporal variability of micro-, nano- and pico-phytoplankton in the Mediterranean Sea from satellite ocean colour data of SeaWiFS. Ocean Sci 11:759–778. https://doi.org/10.5194/os-11-759-2015Smayda TJ (1980) Phytoplankton succession. In: Morris I (ed) Physiological ecology of phytoplankton, studies in ecology. Blackwell, Oxford, pp 493–570Sommer U, Lengfellner K (2008) Climate change and the timing, magnitude, and composition of the phytoplankton spring bloom. Glob Chang Biol 14:1199–1120Sournia A (1978) Phytoplankton manual. Monographs on oceanographic methodology. UNESCOSpanish Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and the Environment (2018) http://www.marm.es/siar/Informacion.asp . Accessed May 2018Treguer P, Le Corre P (1975) Manuel d’analyse des nutritifs dans l’eau de mer. Université de Bretagne Occidentale, BrestVargo GA (1978) Using a fluorescence microscope. In: Sournia A (ed) Phytoplankton manual. MG Oceanography Metodology. UNESCO: 108–112Winder M, Cloern JE (2010) The annual cycles of phytoplankton biomass. Philos Trans R Soc B 365:3215–322

Enrichment and contamination level of trace metals in theMediterranean marine sediments of Spain

[EN] Coastal ecosystems are heavily polluted by human activities. These pollutants reach the aquatic environment and accumulate in the sediment. Among the chemical pollutants, metals represent a notable hazard since they are not biodegradable and have the capability to bioaccumulate, resulting in toxic effects in both the short and long term. In this study, the content of metals and As in marine sediments of the Spanish Mediterranean coast was determined. A total of four annual sampling campaigns were carried out along the Valencian Community coastline, where the presence of eight trace elements (Cr, Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu, Hg, Zn and As) was determined. In this area, the presence of the contaminants is due to both natural and anthropogenic sources. The results obtained allowed, first, to establish nearness Reference Values of the area under study, second, to use several pollution indices (Contamination Factor, Enrichment Factor, Geoaccumulation Factor, Nemerow Pollution Index, and Modified Pollution Index) to determine contamination levels in the area, and finally to select the best index to apply in this coastal zone. The best indices to use in this region are EF and MPI since both take into consideration the natural contributions of the elements studied. The results revealed that according to the index used only two studied zones are classified as Heavily and Severely polluted. The remaining zones (between 25 and 29%) were classified as Moderately or Moderately to Heavily polluted and most of the zones (63% to 100%) were classified as Unpolluted/Low Polluted and Unpolluted/Slightly Polluted. The outcomes obtained with this work indicate that in general, the Valencian coast does not present significant levels of pollution due to the studied trace elements.Martínez-Guijarro, MR.; Paches Giner, MAV.; Romero Gil, I.; Aguado García, D. (2019). Enrichment and contamination level of trace metals in theMediterranean marine sediments of Spain. The Science of The Total Environment. 693. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.372S69