Chapter Alberi monumentali e giardini storici: un processo virtuoso di disseminazione e fruizione

The 43rd UID conference, held in Genova, takes up the theme of ‘Dialogues’ as practice and debate on many fundamental topics in our social life, especially in these complex and not yet resolved times. The city of Genova offers the opportunity to ponder on the value of comparison and on the possibilities for the community, naturally focused on the aspects that concern us, as professors, researchers, disseminators of knowledge, or on all the possibile meanings of the discipline of representation and its dialogue with ‘others’, which we have broadly catalogued in three macro areas: History, Semiotics, Science / Technology. Therefore, “dialogue” as a profitable exchange based on a common language, without which it is impossible to comprehend and understand one another; and the graphic sign that connotes the conference is the precise transcription of this concept: the title ‘translated’ into signs, derived from the visual alphabet designed for the visual identity of the UID since 2017. There are many topics which refer to three macro sessions: - Witnessing (signs and history) - Communicating (signs and semiotics) - Experimenting (signs and sciences) Thanks to the different points of view, an exceptional resource of our disciplinary area, we want to try to outline the prevailing theoretical-operational synergies, the collaborative lines of an instrumental nature, the recent updates of the repertoires of images that attest and nourish the relations among representation, history, semiotics, sciences

Complex formations with a block-in-matrix fabric

L'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen

Synthetic approaches to novel, Triazole-containing Oligonucleotide analogues

The work reported in this thesis focuses on the development of synthetic approaches to prepare novel triazole-containing nucleic acid (TCNA) monomers for subsequent incorporation into oligomers. The triazole moiety was designed to be prepared using “click chemistry”. Initial studies involved development of viable synthetic pathways for preparation of both the required azide component, derived from L-serine methyl ester and the nucleobase-containing alkyne component. The azide has been successfully synthesised from either protected or unprotected L-serine methyl ester by direct diazotransfer employing the novel ‘diazo donor’, imidazole-1-sulfonyl azide 152. Synthesis of the four protected nucleobase-containing alkyne components has been achieved in overall yields ranging from 55-89%. The key step involved alkylation of the appropriately protected nucleobase with propargyl bromide. A series of model ‘click’ reactions were performed in which it was found that the best yields of triazole products were obtained using CuSO4·5H2O and sodium ascorbate in a 1:2 ratio. These conditions have been applied to the ‘click’ reaction employing the thymine alkyne component 161 and L-serine derived azide 158 to afford the desired thymine-derivatised triazole product 246 in a 44% yield. Preliminary studies into converting the resulting triazole compound into the required phosphoramidite thyminyl TCNA monomer 252 have been undertaken

Tunneling in heterogeneous ground: an update of the PBE code accounting for the uncertainty in estimates of block quantities from site investigations

Hard rock blocks embedded in a soft matrix can be found in many geological units. When tunneling in these heterogeneous formations, many technical problems can be caused by the presence of cobbles and boulders. These risks depend on the excavation method selected, and typically increase as the block content, dimension and frequency increase. Therefore, successful tunneling projects require cobble-boulder properties to be accurately predicted, in order to select the best tunneling method and design the most appropriate cutterhead. A recent and extensive statistically-based methodology was developed to estimate the probability of encountering rock blocks located totally or partially within the tunnel excavation area, resulting in a free executable code, named PBE. A significant limitation of this code is that it requires, among other input parameters, the block content expected within the tunnel zone. This parameter can be estimated from 1D (i.e. borings/scanlines) or 2D (i.e. geological maps, outcrops, photographs) measurements. However, the block quantity inferred from these measurements is generally affected by a high magnitude of error. In this paper, an extension of the PBE is presented, that accounts for the uncertainty in estimates of block quantities from site investigations. The updated version of the executable code is also provided

Desafios curriculares e pedagógicos na formação de professores

A colectânea de textos que aqui se apresenta ilustra algumas das questões mais relevantes neste domínio e a que urge dar resposta. Trata-se de uma obra que procura constituir um espaço de reflexão centrado em problemáticas atuais e pertinentes da formação de professores nas sociedades ocidentais.CIEC - Centro de Investigação em Estudos da Criança, IE, UMinho (UI 317 da FCT), Portugal; Fundos Nacionais através da FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia) e cofinanciado pelo Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER) através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) com a referência POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007562info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Desafios curriculares e pedagógicos na formação de professores: que professores para que currículo e para que alunos?

A formação de professores constitui uma das temáticas que tem sido objeto de debate nem sempre consensual sobre as suas finalidades, o seu currículo, os seus modos de organização e o seu impacto na aprendizagem profissional dos docentes. Trata-se, portanto, de uma temática que tem sido estudada a partir de uma diversidade de olhares que encerram determinadas conceções de professor, de escola e de educação; daí a existência de uma diversidade de modelos, de contextos e de percursos de formação e de modos distintos de olhar para o papel das universidades e das escolas no processo formativo dos futuros professores.CIEC - Centro de Investigação em Estudos da Criança, IE, UMinho (UI 317 da FCT), Portugal; Fundos Nacionais através da FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia) e cofinanciado pelo Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER) através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) com a referência POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007562info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Desafios curriculares e pedagógicos na formação de professores: que professores para que currículo e para que alunos?

A formação de professores constitui uma das temáticas que tem sido objeto de debate, nem sempre consensual, sobre as suas finalidades, o seu currículo, os seus modos de organização e o seu impacto na aprendizagem profissional dos docentes. Trata-se, portanto, de uma temática que tem sido estudada a partir de uma diversidade de olhares que encerram determinadas conceções de professor, de escola e de educação; daí a existência de uma diversidade de modelos, de contextos e de percursos de formação e de modos distintos de olhar para o papel das universidades e das escolas no processo formativo dos futuros professores (ver, por exemplo, Darling-Hammond, Newton, & Wei, 2010; Flores, 2011, 2014; 2016; Flores, Vieira & Ferreira, 2014; Flores et al., 2016; Moreira & Vieira, 2012; Moreira, 2016). A coletânea de textos que aqui se apresenta, numa edição revista e alargada, pela tradução dos capítulos em língua estrangeira, pela inclusão de dois novos capítulos e pela revisão de alguns dos textos da 1ª edição, ilustra algumas das questões mais relevantes neste domínio e a que urge dar resposta. Trata-se de uma obra que procura constituir um espaço de reflexão centrado em problemáticas atuais e pertinentes da formação de professores nas sociedades ocidentais.CIEC - Centro de Investigação em Estudos da Criança, IE, UMinho (UI 317 da FCT), PortugalFundos Nacionais através da FCT (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia) e cofinanciado pelo Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER) através do COMPETE 2020 – Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalização (POCI) com a referência POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007562info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Characterization of image transfer through grin media using mtf

Una lente común homogénea posee dos características físicas que influyen en la manera en que dicha lente reconfigura un frente de ondas: la diferencia entre su índice de refracción y el del medio circundante, y la curvatura de sus interfaces. Sin embargo, cuando la luz se propaga a través de un medio no homogéneo, los frentes de onda disminuyen su velocidad en zonas ópticamente más densas, y la incrementan en zonas de menor densidad, lo cual provoca su curvatura. Una lente de un material no homogéneo, en el que hay un GRadiente en el INdice de refracción se conoce como lente GRIN. Los medios ópticos GRIN son una consecuencia del desarrollo de las fibras ópticas de índice de refracción radialmente variable en forma cuadrática, inventado por Teiji Uchida, en 1969. Un gran beneficio de este tipo de sistemas es que proporciona un conjunto adicional de nuevos parámetros con los que controlar las aberraciones. El perfil nuclear de la lente GRIN puede igualar el camino óptico de rayos con diferentes longitudes de trayectorias, ya que la velocidad de la luz es mínima en el centro y crece gradualmente con la distancia radial. Un rayo que viaja próximo al eje recorre un camino geométrico corto a baja velocidad, mientras que aquél que viaja lejos del eje describe un camino geométrico largo a alta velocidad. Por lo tanto, la variación de camino se puede compensar con la variación de velocidad. En consecuencia, con una elección adecuada del perfil, la diferencia de velocidades de grupo o de tiempos de vuelo entre rayos se puede reducir. Como es sabido, una poderosa herramienta para determinar la calidad de un sistema óptico es la MTF (Modulation Transfer Function); esta función mide la capacidad con que un sistema óptico reproduce en la imagen del objeto bajo observación sus detalles más finos, lo que también se denomina contraste. El presente trabajo consta de la caracterización de la transferencia de imágenes a través de tres medios GRIN de diferentes longitudes (y pasos), mediante la función de transferencia de la modulación (MTF). Las determinaciones cuantitativas fueron obtenidas mediante un software diseñado especialmente para tal fin en MATLAB.A lens has two common physical characteristics that influence how it reconfigures a wave front: the difference between its refractive index and that of the surrounding medium, and the curvature of its interfaces. However, when light travels through a non-homogeneous media, the wave fronts decrease their speed in optically denser areas, and increase in areas of lower density, which causes its curvature. A lens of non homogeneous material, in which there is a GRadient in the refractive INdex is known as a GRIN lens. GRIN optical media are a consequence of the development of optical fibers with radial varying refractive index in quadratic form, invented by Teiji Uchida, 1969. A major benefit of this type of system is that it provides an additional set of new parameters with which control the aberrations. Nuclear profile of the GRIN lens can match the optical path of rays with different path lengths, since the speed of light is minimum in the center and increases gradually with radial distance. A beam which travels next to the axis travels a shorter geometric path at low speed, while one that travels far from the axis describes a longer geometrical path at higher speed. Therefore, the variation in path can be compensated by the variation of speed. Consequently, with a suitable choice of the profile, the difference in speed or group flight times between rays can be reduced. As is known, a powerful tool for determining the quality of an optical system is the MTF (Modulation Transfer Function), this function measures the capacity in which an optical system reproduces in the image of the object under observation its finer details, which is also called contrast. This work consists of characterizing the image transfer through three GRIN media in different lengths (and steps), by using the modulation transfer (MTF). Quantitative determinations were obtained using software specially designed for this purpose in MATLAB.Fil: Corti, Maria Agustina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico la Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Opticas (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas; ArgentinaFil: Zerbino, Lia Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Opticas (i); Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ingenieria; ArgentinaFil: Garavaglia, Mario Jose. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico La Plata. Centro de Investigaciones Opticas (i); Argentin

Interoperability for building process. Model and Method.

In this paper we intend to analyze the chances about the implementation of a Building Information Modeling (BIM) as a method in the construction process, investigating in particular the role that, in it, takes the concept of interoperability and how this can be developed according to the most appropriate approach case by case. Moreover, the aim is to define a critical examination of how the chances offered by new technologies are related closely with the management of the 3D model and its use for management purposes. BIM is an interactive and clear tool organization of building processes, functionally worth in order to perform at all times punctual and strict controls through the parametric virtual model of a building. To lead from idea to realization and to the management, the approach to the methods and processes of BIM are configured as appropriate for the business realities that aspire to qualify as organized structures of integrated design, ready to compare with an increasingly aggressive marketplace. If we consider the existing, to get benefits by BIM approaches oriented to manage the building, it becomes a strategic objective. Remarking the two main meanings of BIM as a model and as a method at the same time, we aim to study how it can be used in the management of the existing built and how the more established Anglo-Saxon procedures could be characterized the actions aimed to interventions in retrofit and functional requalification