ÉTICA DOS DISCENTES DE ENFERMAGEM: CONHECIMENTO E SUA POSTURA

O ensino de ética na Enfermagem permite que estes profissionais possam interpretar, discutir e problematizar as situações conflituosas éticas

Valores humanos como preditores de atitudes colaborativas e intenção de uso da plataforma de hospedagem do Airbnb

This study aimed to identify the predictive power of human values on attitudes and behavioral intention about to collaborative consumption. Therefore, a quantitative approach was adopted with the application of a survey with 208 consumers of the Airbnb accommodation platform. Respondents answered questions about basic values, based on the functionalist theory of human values, attitudes, and behavioral intention. The results indicate a significant correlation between the subfunction experimentation and attitudes related to the use of services, indicating that the values that make up this subfunction would influence the attitudes of consumers towards the platform service. Thus, these results support the use of human values as facilitators in the promotion of collaborative behaviors.Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar el poder predictivo de los valores humanos en las actitudes y la intención conductual con relación al consumo colaborativo. Para ello, se adoptó un enfoque cuantitativo con la aplicación de una encuesta a 208 consumidores de la plataforma de alojamiento Airbnb. Los encuestados respondieron preguntas sobre valores básicos, a partir de la teoría funcionalista de los valores humanos, las actitudes y la intención conductual. Los resultados apuntan a una correlación significativa entre la subfunción experimentación y actitudes relacionadas con el uso de los servicios; esto indica que los valores que componen esta subfunción influirían en las actitudes de los consumidores respecto al servicio de la plataforma. Por lo tanto, estos resultados apoyan el uso de valores humanos como facilitadores en la promoción de conductas colaborativas.O presente estudo objetiva identificar o poder de predição dos valores humanos nas atitudes e na intenção comportamental em relação ao uso do consumo colaborativo. Para tanto, adotou-se uma abordagem quantitativa com a aplicação de um survey com 208 consumidores da plataforma de acomodações Airbnb, os quais responderam questões sobre valores básicos fundamentados na teoria Funcionalista de valores humanos e atitudes e intenção comportamental. Os resultados apontam uma correlação significativa entre a subfunção de Experimentação e Atitudes relativas ao uso dos serviços, indicando que os valores que compõem essa subfunção teriam influência quanto às atitudes dos consumidores em relação ao serviço da plataforma. Dessa forma, tais resultados dão suporte à utilização dos valores humanos como facilitadores na promoção de comportamentos colaborativos

Envelhecimento saudável prejudicado pela obesidade: uma revisão integrativa / Healthy aging harmed by obesity: an integrative review

O envelhecimento, na antiguidade, era um direito para poucos. O crescimento em série da população idosa está relacionado à transição sem perfil demográfico, criação de políticas públicas e promoção da qualidade de vida dessas pessoas. A obesidade é definida como uma doença crônica, evidenciada pelo excesso de gordura que, em pessoas idosas, é mais uma condição de risco para Doenças Crônicas Não Transmissíveis (DCNT). No processo de envelhecimento saudável, é necessária uma mudança no estilo de vida, nos hábitos alimentares e físicos, e acompanhamento periódico com uma equipe de saúde interdisciplinar. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura que teve por analisar e sintetizar os fatos científicos e respeitar a qualidade de vida dos idosos que possuem obesidade. Inicialmente foram criados 503 artigos, depois de ler e aplicar os requisitos de inclusão e excluir cinco itens para análise. A obesidade é caracterizada como agravante, devido a doenças e deficiências causadas pela idade avançada, afetando diretamente a qualidade de vida dos idosos. Desta maneira, percebe-se que é fundamental incluir mobilidade, função física e qualidade de vida no controle e perda de peso e não trabalhar de forma isolada

Uso de AAS em pacientes cardiopatas e ocorrência de Úlcera Perfurada quais as melhores soluções? uma revisão sistemática com metánalise

A administração do ácido acetilsalicílico (AAS) é uma das medidas indicadaspelos médicos em caso de suspeita de infarto agudo do miocárdio. De acordo com os especialistas, o medicamento serve para diminuir a agregação de plaquetas e inibir a formação de coágulos no interior das artérias. O objetivo deste estudo é verificar na literatura o uso do Ácido Acetilsalicílico (AAS) em pessoas cardiopatas e sua possível relação com o aparecimento de úlcera. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática com base em publicações, dos último cinco anos, que essa temática, extraídas de bases de dados eletrônicas como Scielo, PubMed, Lilacs, BVS, Embase e Medline, em língua inglesa e portuguesa. Dos estudo que se aproximaram do objetivo da pesquisa, muitos não relataram a estreita relação entre o uso AAS e o surgimento de úlcera. Assim, espera-se que este estudo sirva de incentivo para que mais estudos sejam realizados sobre essa temática afim de estabelecer e conhecer se há alguma relação entre o fármaco e a doença

Enhancing the Antifungal Efficacy of Fluconazole with a Diterpene: Abietic Acid as a Promising Adjuvant to Combat Antifungal Resistance in <i>Candida</i> spp.

The increasing antifungal resistance rates against conventional drugs reveal the urgent need to search for new therapeutic alternatives. In this context, natural bioactive compounds have a critical role in antifungal drug development. Since evidence demonstrates that abietic acid, a diterpene found in Pinus species, has significant antimicrobial properties, this study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of abietic acid against Candida spp and its ability to potentiate the activity of fluconazole. Abietic acid was tested both individually and in combination with fluconazole against Candida albicans (CA INCQS 40006), Candida krusei (CK INCQS 40095), and Candida tropicalis (CT INCQS 40042). The microdilution method was used to determine the IC50 and the cell viability curve. Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) was determined by subculture in a solid medium. The plasma membrane permeability was measured using a fluorescent SYTOX Green probe. While the IC50 of the drugs alone ranged between 1065 and 3255 μg/mL, the IC50 resulting from the combination of abietic acid and fluconazole ranged between 7563 and 160.1 μg/mL. Whether used in combination with fluconazole or isolated, abietic acid exhibited Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) values exceeding 1024 μg/mL against Candida albicans, Candida krusei and Candida tropicalis. However, it was observed that the antifungal effect of fluconazole was enhanced when used in combination with abietic acid against Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis. These findings suggest that while abietic acid alone has limited inherent antifungal activity, it can enhance the effectiveness of fluconazole, thereby reducing antifungal resistance

GC-MS Chemical Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant and Toxic Effects Using <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> Model of the Essential Oil of <i>Lantana montevidensis</i> (Spreng) Briq.

Background and objectives: Natural products such as essential oils with antioxidant potential can reduce the level of oxidative stress and prevent the oxidation of biomolecules. In the present study, we investigated the antioxidant potential of Lantana montevidensis leaf essential oil (EOLM) in chemical and biological models using Drosophila melanogaster. Materials and methods: in addition, the chemical components of the oil were identified and quantified by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the percentage compositions were obtained from electronic integration measurements using flame ionization detection (FID). Results: our results demonstrated that EOLM is rich in terpenes with Germacrene-D (31.27%) and &#946;-caryophyllene (28.15%) as the major components. EOLM (0.12&#8722;0.48 g/mL) was ineffective in scavenging DPPH radical, and chelating Fe(II), but showed reducing activity at 0.24 g/mL and 0.48 g/mL. In in vivo studies, exposure of D. melanogaster to EOLM (0.12&#8722;0.48 g/mL) for 5 h resulted in 10% mortality; no change in oxidative stress parameters such as total thiol, non-protein thiol, and malondialdehyde contents, in comparison to control (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusions: taken together, our results indicate EOLM may not be toxic at the concentrations tested, and thus may not be suitable for the development of new botanical insecticides, such as fumigants or spray-type control agents against Drosophila melanogaster

Evaluation of the antiedematogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of Ximenia americana L. (Olacaceae) bark extract in experimental models of inflammation

Edema is one of the obvious indicators of inflammation and a crucial factor to take into account when assessing a substance's capacity to reduce inflammation. We aimed to evaluate the antiedematogenic and anti-inflammatory profile of the hydroethanolic barks extract of Ximenia americana (HEXA). The possible antiedematogenic and anti-inflammatory effect of EHXA (50, 100 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg v.o) was evaluated using the paw edema induced by carrageenan, zymosan, dextran, CFA and by different agents inflammatory (serotonin, histamine, arachidonic acid and PGE2), and pleurisy model induced by carrageenan and its action on IL-1β and TNF-α levels was also evaluated. HEXA demonstrated a significant antiedematogenic effect at concentrations of 50, 100 and 250 mg/kg on paw edema induced by carrageenan, zymosan and dextran. However, the concentration of 50 mg/kg as standard, demonstrating the effect in the subchronic model, induced CFA with inhibition of 59.06 %. In models of histamine-induced paw edema, HEXA showed inhibition of − 30 min: 40.49 %, 60 min: 44.70 % and 90 min: 48.98 %; serotonin inhibition - 30 min: 57.09 %, 60 min: 66.04 % and 90 min: 61.79 %; arachidonic acid inhibition - 15 min: 36.54 %, 30 min: 51.10 %, 45 min: 50.32 % and 60 min: 76.17 %; and PGE2 inhibition - 15 min: 67.78 %, 30 min: 62.30 %, 45 min: 54.25 % and 60 min: 47.92 %. HEXA significantly reduced (p < 0.01) leukocyte migration in the pleurisy model and reduced TNF-α and IL-1β levels in pleural lavage (p < 0.0001). The results showed that HEXA has the potential to have an antiedematogenic impact in both acute and chronic inflammation processes, with a putative mode of action including the suppression or regulation of inflammatory mediators

Antibacterial effect, efflux pump inhibitory (NorA, TetK and MepA) of Staphylococcus aureus and in silico prediction of α, β and δ-damascone compounds

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial effect and inhibitory capacity against NorA, TetK and MepA efflux pump of Staphylococcus aureus multiresistant by in vitro and in silico approach of α, β and δ-damascone compounds. Results: The compounds α, β and δ-damascone showed a clinically relevant effect against S. aureus ATCC 6538 standard strain. A modulating effect was also observed in association with antibiotics against MDR strains. Regarding the inhibition of the efflux pump, the compounds showed a modulating effect with antibiotics, against SA-1199, SA-1199B, SA IS-58 and K2068. Only δ-damascone demonstrated an efflux pump inhibitory effect. Regarding ADME properties, α, β and δ-damascone showed similar physicochemical properties with good pharmacokinetic characteristics, such as lipophilicity, oral bioavailability and low toxicity. In addition, they exhibited the binding energy and Ligand Efficiency (LE) −81.17 (5.4), −77.48(-5.4) and −64.55 (-5.1), which shows good interactions with the critical residues of the MepA receptor. Conclusions: From the results it is concluded that the compounds α, β and δ-damascone do not have antibacterial activity, but show a modulating effect in association with antibiotics, as well as not showing direct activity on the efflux pump, but they do have a modulating effect with antibiotics and with EtBr (α and β-damascone)