7 research outputs found

    L'hyperuricémie dans l'insuffisance cardiaque : prévalence, physiopathologie et implications cliniques

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    Background: Hyperuricemia plays a deleterious role in many cardiovascular pathology. In heart failure, studies showed an association between hyperuricemia and morbi-mortality. The mechanism involve an overactivation of xanthine oxydase and an increased of reactive oxygene species. Studies show that the inhibitor of XO improves FEVG and the survival in patient with heart failure and hyperuricemia. Objectives-Methods: A retrospective study of 174 patients with heart failure and an average FEVG of 26%, evaluate the prevalence, the implication and the prognosis of hyperuricemia in heart failure. Results: The uricemia average is 451ÎŒmol/l. The prevalence is 53%. Uricemia is higher in the presence of cardiovascular risk factor including the active smoking (p 0.07), diabetes (p 0.2), HTA (p 0.3), male (p 0.03). There is a strong negative correlation with BMI (coeff corr – 0.9). Moreover, there is a correlation of uricemia with NYHA class (p 0.003), VE/VCO2 (p 0.01), VO2max and FEVG (coeff corr -0.97). Concerning the prognosis, hyperuricemia is associated with an increased risk of rehospitalization (RR 1.6, p <0.0001) and an increased risk of mortality (p 0.02, RR 1.6). Conclusions: The prevalence of hyperuricemia is high. Hyperuricemia is a prognostic factor of morbi-mortality and is associated with the factor of gravity (FE, NYHA, pente VE/VCO2) in heart failure. Others studies are needed to define a prognostic threshold of uricemia in heart failure and a therapeutic threshold by the XO inhibitors.Introduction : L’hyperuricĂ©mie joue un rĂŽle dĂ©lĂ©tĂšre connu dans plusieurs pathologies cardiovasculaires. Dans l’insuffisance cardiaque, des Ă©tudes ont montrĂ© une association entre l’hyperuricĂ©mie et la morbi-mortalitĂ©. Le mĂ©canisme implique la suractivation de la xanthine oxydase-XO et la majoration des radicaux libres. Les Ă©tudes montrent que l’utilisation des inhibiteurs de la XO amĂ©liorent la fonction systolo-diastolique et surtout la survie chez des patients insuffisants cardiaques et hyperuricĂ©miques. Objectifs-MĂ©thodes : Étude rĂ©trospective de 174 patients insuffisants cardiaques avec une FEVG moyenne Ă  26%, Ă©valuant la prĂ©valence, la signification et le pronostic de l’hyperuricĂ©mie dans l’insuffisance cardiaque. RĂ©sultats : L’uricĂ©mie moyenne est Ă  451ÎŒmol/l. La prĂ©valence de l’hyperuricĂ©mie est de 53%. L’uricĂ©mie est Ă©levĂ©e en prĂ©sence de facteurs de risques cardiovasculaires dont le tabagisme actif (p 0.07), le diabĂšte (p 0.2), l’HTA (p 0.3), le sexe masculin (p 0.03). Il y a une forte corrĂ©lation nĂ©gative entre l’uricĂ©mie et l’IMC (coefficient corrĂ©lation Ă  – 0.9). On retrouve Ă©galement une corrĂ©lation de l’uricĂ©mie avec la classe NYHA (p 0.003), la pente VE/VCO2 (p 0.01), la VO2max et la FEVG (coefficient corrĂ©lation Ă  – 0.97). Concernant l’implication pronostique, l’hyperuricĂ©mie est associĂ©e Ă  une augmentation du risque de rĂ©hospitalisations (RR Ă  1.6, p <0.0001) et Ă  une augmentation du risque de mortalitĂ© (p 0.02, RR 1.6). Conclusion : La prĂ©valence de l’hyperuricĂ©mie est Ă©levĂ©e Ă  53%. L’hyperuricĂ©mie est un facteur pronostique de morbi-mortalitĂ© et est associĂ© aux facteurs de gravitĂ© (FE, NYHA, pente VE/VCO2) dans l’insuffisance cardiaque. Des Ă©tudes randomisĂ©es sont nĂ©cessaires afin de dĂ©finir le seuil pronostique d’uricĂ©mie dans l’insuffisance cardiaque et le seuil d’intervention thĂ©rapeutique par les inhibiteurs de la XO

    Modeling of Amiodarone Effect on Heart Rate Control in Critically Ill Patients with Atrial Tachyarrhythmias

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    International audienceAimsAmiodarone is the gold-standard medication to control heart rate in critically ill patients with atrial tachyarrhythmias (ATs); however, effective doses and covariates influencing its efficacy remain unknown. We therefore performed pharmacodynamic modeling of heart rate reduction induced by amiodarone in these patients.Methods and ResultsThis observational study included 80 consecutive severely ill patients receiving amiodarone to treat ATs. A total of 1348 time–heart rate observations with 361 amiodarone dose administrations were analyzed during a period of up to 6 days after hospital treatment initiation using a nonlinear mixed-effect model. Pretreatment with amiodarone before intensive care administration, paroxysmal versus persistent AT, catecholamine infusion, and fluid and magnesium loading were among the covariates assessed in the model. In case of paroxysmal AT in a patient not pretreated with amiodarone, a 300 mg intravenous loading dose combined with an 800 mg oral dose on the first day, followed by 800 mg/day orally for 4 days was effective in achieving a heart rate between 80 and 115 bpm within the first day, and to maintain it during the next 4 days. Corresponding doses were twice as high in patients with persistent AT. Use of intravenous magnesium (p < 0.02) and fluid loading (p < 0.02) was associated with an earlier and greater heart rate decrease, while use of dobutamine had an opposite influence (p < 0.05).ConclusionsIn critically ill patients with AT, the dose of amiodarone required to control heart rate is influenced by the type of AT and by other easily measurable conditions which may allow better individualization of amiodarone dosing

    Effet du systÚme de travail du sol sur les propriétés chimiques du sol sous différents génotypes de lentille et de pois chiche

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    No-tillage (NT) practice as a principal component of conservation agriculture (CA) aims to improve soil quality and crop productivity. The potential advantages of crop legumes under NT system could be enhanced even further by using performant genotypes that act positively on soil nutrient availability. According to that, the current study aims to assess the postharvest soil chemical properties after harvesting some lentil and chickpea genotypes, in conventional (CT) and no-tillage (NT) systems. The assessed properties include soil pH, available phosphorus (P), exchangeable potassium (K), nitrate content (NO3), total nitrogen (TotN), and soil organic matter (SOM) in approximately 30 cm of depth. Sowing chickpea under NT system had significantly increased soil P, K, NO3 and TotN by 8 %, 17 %, 54 % and 13 %, respectively, while soil pH has decreased slightly by 3 %, with non-relevant effect on SOM. All soil chemical properties recorded negative correlation with soil pH. Accordingly, the best responder genotypes to NT system for chickpea crop were 71771 genotype that enhanced P and K levels by 40% and 30%, respectively, and PI269882 genotype that enhanced NO3 and TotN by 55% and 27%, respectively, likewise, PI564775 genotype enhanced K and NO3 by 17% and 80%, respectively. On the other side, the best responder genotypes to NT for lentil crop were ZR-7 genotype that enhanced P and K levels by 25% and 10%, respectively, and LR8 genotype that enhanced NO3 by 41%. In conclusion, the use of best-suited legume genotypes to no-tillage system could be a promising alternative to improve soil fertility and crop yield productivity even further.La pratique du semis direct (SD), en tant que composante principale de l’agriculture de conservation (AC), vise Ă  amĂ©liorer la qualitĂ© des sols et la productivitĂ© des cultures. Les avantages des lĂ©gumineuses cultivĂ©es sous le systĂšme SD pourraient ĂȘtre encore amĂ©liorĂ©s en utilisant des gĂ©notypes performants qui agissent positivement sur la disponibilitĂ© des Ă©lĂ©ments nutritifs dans le sol. Dans ce sens, la prĂ©sente Ă©tude vise Ă  Ă©valuer les propriĂ©tĂ©s chimiques du sol aprĂšs la rĂ©colte de certains gĂ©notypes de lentille et de pois chiche, dans des systĂšmes semis conventionnel (SC) et semis direct (SD). Les propriĂ©tĂ©s Ă©valuĂ©es comprennent le pH du sol, le phosphore disponible (P), le potassium Ă©changeable (K), la teneur en nitrates (NO3), l’azote total (TotN) et la matiĂšre organique du sol (MOS) Ă  environ 30 cm de profondeur. Le semis de pois chiche sous le systĂšme SD a augmentĂ© de maniĂšre significative le P, le K, le NO3 et le TotN du sol de 8 %, 17 %, 54 % et 13 % respectivement, tandis que le pH du sol a lĂ©gĂšrement diminuĂ© de 3 %, avec un effet non pertinent sur la MOS. Toutes les propriĂ©tĂ©s chimiques du sol ont enregistrĂ© une corrĂ©lation nĂ©gative avec le pH du sol. En consĂ©quence, les gĂ©notypes les plus rĂ©pondeurs au systĂšme SD pour la culture de pois chiche Ă©taient le gĂ©notype 71771 qui a amĂ©liorĂ© les niveaux de P et de K de 40 % et 30 %, respectivement, et le gĂ©notype PI269882 qui a amĂ©liorĂ© le NO3 et le TotN de 55 % et 27 %, respectivement, de mĂȘme le gĂ©notype PI564775 a amĂ©liorĂ© le K et le NO3 de 17 % et 80 %, respectivement. De l’autre cĂŽtĂ©, les gĂ©notypes les plus rĂ©pondeurs au SD pour la culture de lentille Ă©taient le gĂ©notype ZR-7 qui a amĂ©liorĂ© les niveaux de P et de K de 25 % et 10 %, respectivement, et le gĂ©notype LR8 qui a amĂ©liorĂ© le NO3 de 41 %. En conclusion, l’utilisation des gĂ©notypes de lĂ©gumineuses les plus adaptĂ©s au systĂšme semis direct pourrait ĂȘtre une alternative prometteuse pour amĂ©liorer encore davantage la fertilitĂ© des sols et la productivitĂ© des cultures

    Effet du systÚme de travail du sol sur les propriétés chimiques du sol sous différents génotypes de lentille et de pois chiche

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    La pratique du semis direct (SD), en tant que composante principale de l’agriculture de conservation (AC), vise Ă  amĂ©liorer la qualitĂ© des sols et la productivitĂ© des cultures. Les avantages des lĂ©gumineuses cultivĂ©es sous le systĂšme SD pourraient ĂȘtre encore amĂ©liorĂ©s en utilisant des gĂ©notypes performants qui agissent positivement sur la disponibilitĂ© des Ă©lĂ©ments nutritifs dans le sol. Dans ce sens, la prĂ©sente Ă©tude vise Ă  Ă©valuer les propriĂ©tĂ©s chimiques du sol aprĂšs la rĂ©colte de certains gĂ©notypes de lentille et de pois chiche, dans des systĂšmes semis conventionnel (SC) et semis direct (SD). Les propriĂ©tĂ©s Ă©valuĂ©es comprennent le pH du sol, le phosphore disponible (P), le potassium Ă©changeable (K), la teneur en nitrates (NO3), l’azote total (TotN) et la matiĂšre organique du sol (MOS) Ă  environ 30 cm de profondeur. Le semis de pois chiche sous le systĂšme SD a augmentĂ© de maniĂšre significative le P, le K, le NO3 et le TotN du sol de 8 %, 17 %, 54 % et 13 % respectivement, tandis que le pH du sol a lĂ©gĂšrement diminuĂ© de 3 %, avec un effet non pertinent sur la MOS. Toutes les propriĂ©tĂ©s chimiques du sol ont enregistrĂ© une corrĂ©lation nĂ©gative avec le pH du sol. En consĂ©quence, les gĂ©notypes les plus rĂ©pondeurs au systĂšme SD pour la culture de pois chiche Ă©taient le gĂ©notype 71771 qui a amĂ©liorĂ© les niveaux de P et de K de 40 % et 30 %, respectivement, et le gĂ©notype PI269882 qui a amĂ©liorĂ© le NO3 et le TotN de 55 % et 27 %, respectivement, de mĂȘme le gĂ©notype PI564775 a amĂ©liorĂ© le K et le NO3 de 17 % et 80 %, respectivement. De l’autre cĂŽtĂ©, les gĂ©notypes les plus rĂ©pondeurs au SD pour la culture de lentille Ă©taient le gĂ©notype ZR-7 qui a amĂ©liorĂ© les niveaux de P et de K de 25 % et 10 %, respectivement, et le gĂ©notype LR8 qui a amĂ©liorĂ© le NO3 de 41 %. En conclusion, l’utilisation des gĂ©notypes de lĂ©gumineuses les plus adaptĂ©s au systĂšme semis direct pourrait ĂȘtre une alternative prometteuse pour amĂ©liorer encore davantage la fertilitĂ© des sols et la productivitĂ© des cultures

    Preface

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    Because of the travel restrictions between China and other countries of our keynote speaker, the 9th annual 2021 International Conference on Material Science and Environmental Engineering [MSEE2021] was held on November 27th, 2021 (Virtual Conference). The conference was held via Tencent Meeting Application. MSEE2021 aims to bring researchers, engineers, and students to the areas of Material Science and Environmental Engineering. MSEE2021 features unique mixed topics of Material Science and Advanced Materials, Material Engineering and Application, Environmental Science and Engineering and Mechanical Design and Technology. We received over 197 submissions from various parts of the world. The Technical Program Committee worked very hard to have all manuscripts reviewed before the review deadline. All the accepted papers have been submitted to strict peer-review, and selected based on originality, significance and clarity for the purpose of the conference. The conference program is extremely profound and featuring high-impact presentations of selected papers and additional late-breaking contributions. We sincerely hope that the conference would not only show the participants a broad overview of the latest research results on related fields, but also provide them with a significant platform for academic connection and exchange. There are two keynote speakers and four invited sessions. The keynote speakers are internationally recognized leading experts in their research fields, who have demonstrated outstanding proficiency and have achieved distinction in their profession. The proceedings would be published by IOP Journal of Physics Conference Series. We would like to express our sincere gratitude to all the members of Technical Program Committee and organizers for their enthusiasm, time, and expertise. Our deep thanks also go to many volunteers and staffs for the long hours and hard work they have generously given to MSEE2021. Last but not least, we would like to thank all the authors, speaker and participants for their great contributions to the success of MSEE2021. MSEE2021 Organizing Committee List of Committee of MSEE2021 are available in this pdf.</jats:p

    Efficacy and adverse events profile of videolaryngoscopy in critically ill patients: subanalysis of the INTUBE study

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    Background: Tracheal intubation is a high-risk procedure in the critically ill, with increased intubation failure rates and a high risk of other adverse events. Videolaryngoscopy might improve intubation outcomes in this population, but evidence remains conflicting, and its impact on adverse event rates is debated.Methods: This is a subanalysis of a large international prospective cohort of critically ill patients (INTUBE Study) performed from 1 October 2018 to 31 July 2019 and involving 197 sites from 29 countries across five continents. Our primary aim was to determine the first-pass intubation success rates of videolaryngoscopy. Secondary aims were characterising (a) videolaryngoscopy use in the critically ill patient population and (b) the incidence of severe adverse effects compared with direct laryngoscopy.Results: Of 2916 patients, videolaryngoscopy was used in 500 patients (17.2%) and direct laryngoscopy in 2416 (82.8%). First-pass intubation success was higher with videolaryngoscopy compared with direct laryngoscopy (84% vs 79%, P1/40.02). Patients undergoing videolaryngoscopy had a higher frequency of difficult airway predictors (60% vs 40%, P&lt;0.001). In adjusted analyses, videolaryngoscopy increased the probability of first-pass intubation success, with an OR of 1.40 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-1.87). Videolaryngoscopy was not significantly associated with risk of major adverse events (odds ratio 1.24, 95% CI 0.95-1.62) or cardiovascular events (odds ratio 0.78, 95% CI 0.60-1.02).Conclusions: In critically ill patients, videolaryngoscopy was associated with higher first-pass intubation success rates, despite being used in a population at higher risk of difficult airway management. Videolaryngoscopy was not associated with overall risk of major adverse events
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