Teor de ureídos, tipo de nódulo e atividade da nitrogenase de leguminosas forrageiras, florestais e de grão

Grain, forage and tree legumes were surveyed for ureide content, type of nodules and nitrogenase activity. Thirty-six legume species were studied representing seven tribes of the subfamily Papilionoideae and two tribes of the subfamily Mimosoideae and Caesalpinoideae. Ureides were found in almost all the plant species studied but for many species in very low concentrations. High ureide content was found in nodules, root and stem of legume species belonging to tribe Phaseolus, subfamily Papilionoideae. Those plants are common in tropical regions, have determinant type of nodules and probably evolved towards a form of transport of nitrogen adapted to warm environments. The high ureide contents of these plants were related to high nitrogenase activities of nodules and reflected the origin of ureides from biological nitrogen fixation.Foi feito um levantamento entre leguminosas forrageiras, florestais e de grão, onde foi analisado o conteúdo de ureídos, tipo de nódulos e atividade da nitrogenase. Foram estudadas 36 espécies de leguminosas representando sete tribos da subfamília Papilionoideae e duas tribos da subfamília Mimosoideae e Caesalpinoideae. Foram encontrados ureídos em quase todas as espécies estudadas, mas muitas espécies possuíam concentração de ureídos muito baixa. Foram encontradas altas concentrações de ureídos em nódulos, raízes e caule de espécies pertencentes à tribo Phaseoleae subfamília Papilionoideae. Essas plantas são encontradas em regiões tropicais, possuem nódulos do tipo determinado e provavelmente desenvolveram uma forma de transporte de nitrogênio adaptada a ambientes quentes. As concentrações elevadas de ureídos nessas plantas foram relacionadas com alta atividade da nitrogenase nos nódulos, o que reflete a origem dos ureídos a partir da fixação de nitrogênio

Dynamic of bacterial populations from Cerrado soils

os ambientes tropicais, os Cerrados destacam-se pelo seu potencial agrícola. Apesar das funções dos microrganismos no crescimento das plantas e na produtividade das culturas, existem poucas informações dos efeitos resultantes do manejo do solo, na ecologia microbiana. Neste estudo, foram avaliados os efeitos das condições ambientais e das práticas agrícolas sobre as populações bacterianas. As densidades das populações em solos com vegetação nativa foram variáveis e diferenciadas. Em Sete Lagoas, MG, as populações de actinomicetos variaram de 1,7 a 50 X 104 UFC/g de solo seco, enquanto em Planaltina as densidades das populações bacterianas em solo com primeiro e segundo ano de cultivo de soja foram semelhantes, mas superiores ao solo com vegetação nativa. A utilização agrícola deste solo não resultou em desequilíbrios acentuados das populações de actinomicetos provenientes de esporos e hifas. As relações esporos/hifas variaram de 1,1 a 5,8. Na rizosfera da soja, os coeficientes de correlação entre as populações de actinomicetos com as demais populações bacterianas foram significativos. Os resultados evidenciam que as práticas agrícolas utilizadas na introdução da cultura da soja em solos de Cerrados pode influenciar o equilíbrio das populações na comunidade bacteriana.Among tropical environments, Cerrados stand out because of its agriculture potencial. Although microorganisms play an important role on soil sustainability and crop production, few information is available on the effects of soil management systems on Cerrado's microbial ecology. In this study the effects of environmental conditions and soil management practices on bacterial populations were evaluated. Bacterial population densities in soil under native vegetation were variable and diferentiated. Actinomycetes densities varied from 1.7 to 50 X 104 CFU/g dry soil in Sete Lagoas region, Brazil, whereas bacterial populations in both the first and second year of land use were similar and higher than those from soil under native vegetation in the Planaltina region. Soil management practices did not cause strong modifications in the equilibrium among actinomycetes populations obtained from both spores and hyphal. The spore/hypha ratios varied from 1.1 to 5.8. Correlation coefficients among actinomycetes and other bacteria populations were signifficant in soybeans rhizospheres. Results show that soil management practices used for soybean cultivation in Cerrado soils may influence the equilibrium of bacterial populations

Efeito do cultivo da soja na dinâmica da população bacteriana, em solos de cerrado

The effect of soybean cultivation on the population dynamics of the bacterial community was evaluated in two "Cerrado" soils of São Paulo State, Brazil. The experimental areas, in the vicinities of the cities of São Carlos and Barretos, were previously cultivated, respectively, with Paspalum notatum and Brachiaria decumbens. The bacterial population densities in these soils varied from 398.1 x 103 to 467.7 x 103 cfu (colony forming units) and from 123 x 103 to 218.8 x 103 cfu/g of dried soil, respectively, in São Carlos and Barretos soils. Soybean cultivation in both soils resulted in increments in the total bacterial population density, in the actinomycetes population, and in the bacterial population resistant to the antibiotics streptomycin and chloramphenicol. Actinomycetes were present in these soils mainly as spores. Soybean cultivation did not alter the actinomycetes spores/hyphae ratio when comparing rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soils. The results show that soybean cultivation affected the bacterial population of these soils.Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influência do cultivo da soja sobre a dinâmica da população bacteriana, em dois solos de Cerrado do Estado de São Paulo, originalmente cobertos com Paspalum notatum (em Barretos) e Brachiaria decumbens (em São Carlos). Nesses solos, a densidade da população de bactérias em geral variou de 398,1 x 103 a 467,7 x 103 e de 123 x 103 a 218,8 x 103 ufc (unidades formadoras de colônias)/g de solo seco, respectivamente. O cultivo da soja, em ambos os solos, resultou em incrementos variados nos números de ufc/g de solo seco da população de bactérias em geral, das resistentes aos antibióticos estreptomicina e cloranfenicol, e de actinomicetos. A população de actinomicetos ocorreu no solo principalmente como esporos, e as variações das relações esporos/hifas entre os solos não-rizosférico e rizosférico não foram significativas. Os resultados evidenciam que o cultivo da soja influenciou de forma diferenciada a população desses solos

Bioensaio para avaliação massal de actinomicetos antagonistas a Ralstonia solanacearum, em tomateiro

The antagonistic potential of 190 actinomycetes isolated from rhizosphere, rhizoplane and root tissue (endophytics) of tomato was assessed against Ralstonia solanacearum. Tomato seeds were treated with propagules suspension of these actinomycetes in agitation for ten minutes and then, sowed in R. solanacearum naturally infested soil. The plants were grown at 28oC for 45 days, for wilting control, and the percentage of infected plants was recorded. Eighteen actinomycetes showed 100% of control. The best way of inoculation of the antagonists, such as in seeds, in roots or seeds and root soaking was evaluated. The most efficient way of application (control percentage) was by dipping the seeds in a propagules suspension of actinomycetes.O potencial antagonístico de 190 isolados de actinomicetos, obtidos de diferentes solos, da rizosfera, do rizoplano e de tecidos internos de plantas sadias (endófitas), foi avaliado contra Ralstonia solanacearum. Sementes de tomate foram tratadas com suspensão de propágulos destes actinomicetos em agitação por dez minutos, e postas a germinar em solo naturalmente infestado por R. solanacearum em condições controladas por 45 dias, avaliando-se controle da murcha. Dezoito isolados proporcionaram 100% de controle. Foram comparados os métodos de aplicação: por imersão de sementes, imersão de raízes nuas, e imersão de sementes com posterior imersão de raízes. A forma mais eficiente de aplicação, considerando porcentagem de controle, em relação à maioria dos tratamentos, foi a imersão de sementes na suspensão de propágulos

Testing conditions and estimating parameters in extreme value theory: Application to environmental data

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Eficiência simbiótica de estirpes de Bradyrhizobium isoladas de solo do Cerrado em caupi

The obejctive of this study was to evaluate the phylogenetic relationships of Bradyrhizobium strains, and the contribution of these strains to cowpea biological nitrogen fixation in Cerrado soils. To elucidate the phylogenetic relationships among strains, their 16S rDNA gene was extracted, amplified and sequenced. In order to evaluate the symbiotic efficiency, total N, plant dry matter, nodular mass and acetylene reduction in a greenhouse experiment, and nodular occupation, in a field experiment, were determined. Most part of the strains belonge to B. elkanii, and at least ten of the analyzed strains, independently of the species, presented high capacity to fix N2. The strains BR3262, BR3280 (characterized as B. elkanii), BR3267, BR3287 and BR3288 (Bradyrhizobium sp.) exhibit a potential as inoculant for cowpea, due to their high biological nitrogen fixation.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as relações filogenéticas de estirpes de Bradyrhizobium e a contribuição destas estirpes para a fixação biológica de nitrogênio em caupi, em solos do Cerrado. Na avaliação da relação filogenética, o gene 16S rDNA de cada uma das estirpes foi amplificado e seqüenciado, e para a análise da eficiência simbiótica, determinou-se: N total, matéria seca das plantas, massa de nódulos e redução de acetileno, em casa de vegetação, e ocupação nodular, em experimento de campo. A maioria das estirpes estudadas pertence a B. elkanii e, pelo menos dez das estirpes, independentemente da espécie, apresentaram bom desempenho quanto à fixação biológica de N2. As estirpes BR3262, BR3280 (caracterizadas como B. elkanii) e BR3267, BR3287 e BR3288 (Bradyrhizobium sp.) mostram-se como inoculantes potenciais para o caupi, em razão do bom desempenho tanto na eficiência simbiótica quanto na ocupação nodular

Nursing knowledge on skin ulcer healing: a living scoping review protocol

Objective: This review aims to continuously map the nursing knowledge on skin ulcer healing in any context of care. Introduction: Chronic wounds are an increasing concern for society and health care providers. Pressure ulcers and venous ulcers, among others, have devastating effects on morbidity and quality of life and require a systematic approach. The nursing process is an important method that allows a better organization and overall care quality for a systematic and continuous professional approach to nursing management of skin ulcers. The integration of this nursing knowledge in informatics systems creates an opportunity to embed decision-support models in clinical activity, promoting evidence-based practice. Inclusion criteria: This scoping review will consider articles on nursing data, diagnosis, interventions, and outcomes focused on people with skin ulcers in all contexts of care. This review will include quantitative, qualitative, and mixed methods study designs as well as systematic reviews and dissertations. Methods: JBI’s scoping review guidance, as well as the Cochrane Collaboration’s guidance on living reviews, will be followed to meet the review’s objective. Screening of new literature will be performed regularly, with the review updated according to new findings. The search strategy will map published and unpublished studies. The databases to be searched include MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, JBI Evidence Synthesis, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and PEDro. Searches for unpublished studies will include OpenGrey and Reposito´ rios Cientı´ficos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal. Studies published in English and Portuguese since 2010 will be considered for inclusion.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Nursing knowledge of people with paresis of voluntary muscles: a living scoping review protocol

Objective: This review aims to continuously map the nursing knowledge about people with paresis of voluntary muscles in any context of care. Introduction: Muscle paresis is a condition that significantly impacts quality of life. Nurses have a crucial role in managing this condition, particularly paresis of voluntary movement muscles. However, nursing knowledge about patients with paresis of voluntary muscles is dispersed, hampering the integration of evidence within the structure of information systems. Mapping how the nursing process components are identified is the first step in creating a Nursing Clinical Information Model for this condition, capable of integrating evidence into information systems. Inclusion criteria: This scoping review will consider studies focusing on the nursing process regarding people with paresis of voluntary muscles in all care contexts. The review will include quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods study designs, systematic reviews, clinical guidelines, dissertations, and theses. Methods: The review process will follow JBI's scoping review guidance, as well as the Cochrane Collaboration's guidance on living reviews. Screening of new literature will be performed regularly, with the review being updated according to new findings. The search strategy will map published and unpublished studies. The databases to be searched will include MEDLINE, CINAHL, Scopus, JBI Evidence Synthesis, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. Searches for unpublished studies will include OpenGrey and Repositorios Cientificos de Acesso Aberto de Portugal. Studies published in English and Portuguese from 1975 will be considered for inclusion.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Zika Brazilian Cohorts (ZBC) Consortium: Protocol for an Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis of Congenital Zika Syndrome after Maternal Exposure during Pregnancy.

Despite great advances in our knowledge of the consequences of Zika virus to human health, many questions remain unanswered, and results are often inconsistent. The small sample size of individual studies has limited inference about the spectrum of congenital Zika manifestations and the prognosis of affected children. The Brazilian Zika Cohorts Consortium addresses these limitations by bringing together and harmonizing epidemiological data from a series of prospective cohort studies of pregnant women with rash and of children with microcephaly and/or other manifestations of congenital Zika. The objective is to estimate the absolute risk of congenital Zika manifestations and to characterize the full spectrum and natural history of the manifestations of congenital Zika in children with and without microcephaly. This protocol describes the assembly of the Consortium and protocol for the Individual Participant Data Meta-analyses (IPD Meta-analyses). The findings will address knowledge gaps and inform public policies related to Zika virus. The large harmonized dataset and joint analyses will facilitate more precise estimates of the absolute risk of congenital Zika manifestations among Zika virus-infected pregnancies and more complete descriptions of its full spectrum, including rare manifestations. It will enable sensitivity analyses using different definitions of exposure and outcomes, and the investigation of the sources of heterogeneity between studies and regions