1,568 research outputs found
Mathematical modelling in pedagogic practices: how teachers deal with tensions in discourses
How do teachers deal with tensions in discourses when they implement mathematical modelling in pedagogic practices? This question is discussed – following Basil Bernstein’s theoretical framework – based on a study of three middle school teachers from Brazilian public schools. The nature of the research is qualitative. The procedures used for collecting data were observation (accomplished through recordings of lessons), interviews after each lesson and teachers’ documentation of their lessons. In this paper, we will show how teachers dealt with the tension of unexpected situations. The results suggest that teachers understand that the modelling task requires producing a legitimate text to develop it in their pedagogic practices. Teachers dealt with the following unexpected situations: students presented errors in mathematical procedures, students did not bring the requested information to the task, students chose different parameters the teachers had not predicted, students failed to solve the problems of the task and students resisted doing the task. These unexpected situations were related to the following student actions in the modelling environment: students’ mathematical performance in solving the task problem, noncompliance of tasks in the modelling environment and students’ choice of the subject in a modelling environment
Considerations about Teacher Education from Teacher Narratives: Teaching Knowledge in Motion
We present the results of a study to contribute to the reflections and discussions about the formative processes for teaching in the post-pandemic context To this end we conducted a piece of research constituted by a corpus formed out of 13 pedagogical letters sent to an event that took place in June 2022 by teachers who work in schools and carry out strict sensu postgraduate studie
Assessment Of Endothelial Function By Flow-mediated Dilation In Diabetic Patients: Effects Of Physical Exercise
The endothelium is now recognized as an endocrine organ that acts to maintain vascular homeostasis regulating the vascular tone and structure. The endothelial cells synthetize a variety of mediators among them, the main agent is the nitric oxide (NO), a potent vasodilator. NO exerts its protective role preventing leukocyte adhesion and migration, expression of adhesion molecules, platelet aggregation, cell proliferation, and promoting the relaxation of smooth muscle cells. On the other hand, endothelial dysfunction present in many chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, peripheral artery disease, hypertension and diabetes mellitus, is characterized by reduced NO bioavailability. Thus, a few decades ago, measurement of endothelial function has emerged as valuable tool that provides insights in the pathophysiological mechanisms, opportunity to identify early disease and cardiovascular risk, preventing future events or avoiding the progression of the disease. Diabetic patients, particularly, have been a target to apply this technique, mainly because this condition has been related with an impairment of endothelium-dependent dilation and it is believed that the endothelium dysfunction is the basis of diabetes complications such as coronary artery disease and accelerated atherosclerosis. In addition, cardiovascular complications represent the leading cause of morbidity and death in diabetes mellitus. Besides pharmacological therapy, lifestyle modifications have been recommended by specific organizations as a strategy to improve the endothelial function or even prevent the development of diabetes. The aim of this mini eview is to give an update about the importance of endothelium, most common non-invasive technique to evaluate its function, and to summarize some mechanisms involved in endothelial dysfunction and the beneficial effects of exercise in diabetes mellitus.22131
Depois dos 35 anos, quais as intenções de fecundidade dos sul-europeus?
Sendo a baixa fecundidade comum na Europa do Sul, e considerando que nas Ăşltimas dĂ©cadas tanto homens como mulheres tĂŞm vindo a adiar a entrada na parentalidade, interessa estudar os determinantes das intenções de fecundidade. Em particular, dos sul-europeus com mais de 35 anos, idade a partir da qual se considera que aqueles que nĂŁo tĂŞm filhos, ou que tĂŞm apenas um, se encontram a adiar os seus projetos de fecundidade. Os resultados mostram que perceções negativas em relação Ă situação do paĂs sĂŁo inibidoras no processo da tomada de decisĂŁo de ter filhos, especialmente o segundo filho. Este trabalho remete para a importância de considerar valores e expectativas dos indivĂduos em relação Ă sua vida e Ă situação do paĂs como preditores do comportamento reprodutivo.Because low fertility is common in Southern European countries and considering that in recent decades both men and women have been postponing their fertility projects, it is of our interest to study the determinants of reproductive decision-making. Particularly, of Southern Europeans older than 35, age from which it is considered that those who have no children, or that have only one child, have postponed their fertility projects. The findings show that negative perceptions about the situation of the country inhibit the process of having a child, specially the second one. This paper reports to the importance of considering values and perceptions of individuals about their lives and the situation of the country as predictors of fertility behaviour.Depuis quelques dĂ©cennies, alors que le taux de fĂ©conditĂ© est bas dans les pays du sud de l’Europe, les femmes comme les hommes tendent Ă repousser l’âge de la parentalitĂ©. Cet article Ă©tudie les facteurs dĂ©terminants des intentions de fĂ©conditĂ©, en particulier des sud-europĂ©ens de plus de 35 ans, l’âge Ă partir duquel on considère que ceux qui n’ont pas d’enfants ou qui n’en ont qu’un seul repoussent Ă plus tard leurs projets de fĂ©conditĂ©. Les rĂ©sultats montrent que les perceptions nĂ©gatives sur la situation du pays sont inhibitrices dans la prise de dĂ©cision d’avoir des enfants, en particulier s’il s’agit du deuxième enfant. Ce travail souligne combien les valeurs et les attentes des individus concernant leur vie et la situation du pays sont rĂ©vĂ©latrices de leur comportement reproductif.Siendo comĂşn la baja fecundidad en Europa del Sur y considerando que en las Ăşltimas dĂ©cadas tanto hombres como mujeres han venido atrasando la entrada en la parentalidad, interesa estudiar los determinantes de las intenciones de fecundidad. En particular, de los sur-europeos con más de 35 años, edad a partir de la cual se considera que aquellos que no tienen hijos, o que tienen apenas uno, se encuentran atrasando sus proyectos de fecundidad. Los resultados muestran que percepciones negativas en relaciĂłn a la situaciĂłn del paĂs son inhibidoras en el proceso de la toma de decisiĂłn de tener hijos, especialmente el segundo hijo. Este trabajo confirma la importancia de considerar valores y expectativas de los individuos en relaciĂłn a su vida y a la situaciĂłn del paĂs como predictores del comportamiento reproductivo
Impeachment/golpe de 2016 : ressentimento e cinismo nas bordas do discurso
O ano de 2016 será (re)lembrado como um perĂodo da nossa histĂłria em que o Brasil teve a cena polĂtica como protagonista das ações, tanto em nĂvel nacional quanto internacional. Os holofotes da mĂdia estavam centrados no embate deflagrado por duas visões distintas acerca de um importante acontecimento que envolvia o corpo social de forma ampla: o afastamento de uma presidente que havia sido eleita pelo voto direto e representativo, assim como demandam os saberes e práticas estabelecidos por uma democracia. A data precisa era 31 de agosto. Neste dia, Dilma Rousseff foi oficialmente destituĂda do cargo de presidente da RepĂşblica, lugar este para o qual havia sido (re)investida e empossada pouco mais de um ano e meio antes, via sufrágio universal, pela livre escolha de quase 55 milhões de brasileiros. Desde o recebimento da denĂşncia, passando pela instalação do processo e, finalmente, pela retirada da petista, foi possĂvel perceber que estávamos diante de um fato que ultrapassava os nĂveis histĂłrico e jornalĂstico para galgar espaço no cenário discursivo. E isto se fez pela instauração de duas formações discursivas, as quais passaram a atuar no fio do discurso manifestando seus saberes/práticas/dizeres antagĂ´nicos. Esta escrita, pois, dispõe-se a trabalhar, sob a perspectiva da Análise do Discurso de vertente pecheutiana, este importante acontecimento, ao investigar a constituição de duas FDs tĂŁo distintas que, alĂ©m da contradição constitutiva, deixaram suas marcas pela presença/ausĂŞncia de sua repercussĂŁo para alĂ©m dos territĂłrios nacionais, as quais denominamos de FD que enuncia impeachment e FD que enuncia golpe. Para nos auxiliar nesta caminhada analĂtica, faremos uma incursĂŁo por alguns pontos que nos sĂŁo caros nesse processo de movimentação dos sentidos, no qual traremos questões relativas Ă memĂłria e suas relações com a formação social, a qual denominamos de democrático-capitalista. Neste cenário, articulamos conceitos que advĂŞm de outras áreas do saber, como cinismo e ressentimento, para que estes possam contribuir em nossa aventura teĂłrica pelos meandros do discurso. Propomos, pois, a partir da delineação deste cenário, possibilitar questionamentos e inquietações acerca do impeachment/golpe de 2016, fato/acontecimento este que já deixa seus vestĂgios na trajetĂłria da ainda jovem e frágil democracia brasileira.L'annĂ©e 2016 sera rappelĂ©e comme une pĂ©riode de notre histoire oĂą BrĂ©sil Ă©tait protagoniste d'actions dans la scène politique, tant au niveau national qu'international. Le spot se concentrait sur l'affrontement dĂ©clenchĂ© par deux points de vue distincts sur un important Ă©vĂ©nement impliquant le corps social gĂ©nĂ©ral: la suppression d'une prĂ©sidente qui a Ă©tĂ© Ă©lue au suffrage universel direct et reprĂ©sentatif, comme demandent les connaissances et les pratiques Ă©tablies pour une dĂ©mocratie. La date prĂ©cise Ă©tait le 31 aoĂ»t. Ce jour-lĂ , Dilma Rousseff a Ă©tĂ© officiellement privĂ©e du poste de PrĂ©sidente de la RĂ©publique, un poste qu’elle avait Ă©tĂ© (rĂ©)investie et a pris ses fonctions peu plus d'un an et demi avant, au suffrage universel, par le libre choix de près de 55 millions de BrĂ©siliens. Ă€ partir de la rĂ©ception de la plainte, en passant pour le processus d'installation et enfin le retrait de la PrĂ©sidente qui Ă©tait du PT (Parti de Travailleurs), il Ă©tait possible de voir que nous Ă©tions face Ă un fait qui est allĂ© au-delĂ des niveaux historiques et journalistiques Ă monter dans le scĂ©nario de l'espace discursif. Et cela a Ă©tĂ© fait par l'Ă©tablissement de deux formations discursives, qui ont commencĂ© Ă agir sur le fil du discours manifestant leurs connaissances / pratiques / dictons antagonistes. Cette dissertation, donc, doit travailler, du point de vue de l'analyse du discours crĂ©e par PĂŞcheux, avec cet Ă©vĂ©nement important, d'enquĂŞter sur la formation de deux FDs si distincts que, outre la contradiction constitutive, ont laissĂ© leurs traces par la prĂ©sence / absence de sa rĂ©percussion au-delĂ des territoires nationaux, que nous appelons FD qui Ă©nonce la mise en accusation et FD qui dĂ©clare souffler. Pour nous aider Ă cette marche analytique, nous ferons un raid de quelques points que nous chĂ©rissons dans ce processus de mouvement des sens, oĂą nous apporterons des questions Ă la mĂ©moire et sa relation avec la formation sociale que nous appelons capitaliste-dĂ©mocratique. Dans ce scĂ©nario, il y a les concepts articulĂ©s qui viennent d'autres domaines de la connaissance de mĂŞme que le cynisme et le ressentiment, afin qu'ils puissent contribuer Ă notre aventure thĂ©orique Ă travers les subtilitĂ©s du discours. Nous proposons, Ă partir de la dĂ©limitation de ce scĂ©nario, les questions et les prĂ©occupations possibles au sujet de la mise en accusation / coup d'État de 2016, fait / Ă©vĂ©nement qui dĂ©jĂ laisse ses traces sur la trajectoire de la dĂ©mocratie brĂ©silienne encore jeune et fragile
Vascular Dysfunction In Obesity: Beneficial Effects Of Aerobic Exercise Training In Animal Models
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in the world and several risk factors for developing CVD have been pointed out, including obesity and physical inactivity. Endothelial dysfunction as a consequence of metabolic and inflammatory disorders plays an important role in the onset of vascular complications in obesity. In addition, it is well established that aerobic exercises promote beneficial effects on CVD by increasing nitric oxide (NO) production or its bioavailability in human and experimental models. The interest in exercise studies increased significantly, with promising results. Considering the importance of this field, the purpose of this mini-review is to summarize the animal studies that investigated the physiological mechanisms of vascular dysfunction in obesity and how aerobic exercise training influenced these alterations.23especia
Power relations and the negotiation of meanings in a Community of Practice in the field of Mathematics Education
This article aims to identify and analyze power relations in the negotiation of meanings in a Community of Practice, called the “Observatório da Educação Matemática” da Bahia (OEM-BA), formed by academics from the university and teachers of Basic Education, who came together to produce educational math curriculum materials. The research carried out was of a qualitative nature and the data were produced through observations of the activities carried out by OEM-BA. To support the analysis, we used Etienne Wenger\u27s Social Theory of Learning and Basil Bernstein\u27s Theory of Codes. By analyzing the data, we identify power relations between academic and non-academic discourses, as well as interdisciplinary and interdisciplinary discourses. This happened when members negotiated meanings relative to teaching and learning content operations with whole numbers and quantities directly and inversely proportional. The results of this research gave visibility to variations in the principles and hierarchies underlying the meeting between academics and scholars
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