Age Differences in Women's Perceptions of Their Health Problems and Concerns

This paper addresses age differences in women's perceptions of their health problems and concerns. The data are drawn from interviews with a stratified random sample of 356 women in Hamilton, Canada. The data show that women of all ages are concerned or worried about the major causes of death including heart disease, all types of cancer and road traffic accidents although younger women are more concerned with breast cancer and cancer of the womb. In terms of the health problems they have experienced, while stress and tiredness are common health problems reported by women of all ages, older women are more likely than the younger women to report life threatening health problems such as heart disease, lung disease and chronic diseases such as arthritis and osteoporosis. Information from in-depth interviews with 32 of the women reveal that the sources of stress, tiredness and depression lie in the social context of women's lives and differ for women of different ages. The authors conclude that it should not be assumed that women's health concerns and experiences are homogeneous. In research on women's health and in shaping women's health policy, it is important to recognize that there are fundamental differenceshealth problems; age differences

A.L. Burruss: The Life of a Georgia Politician and a Man to Trust

A. L. Burruss was an extraordinary, compassionate, self-effacing, and personable man. He was the eldest of eleven children and son of a painter and carpenter whose family moved to Smyrna, Georgia in the 1930s. After high school, the Navy trained him as a refrigeration machinist and the imaginative and hard-working Burruss used his skills to start a refrigeration business. Eventually Burruss bought out one of his clients-a partner with Tim Top Poultry in Marietta, Georgia-and helped the company to become immensely successful. Despite his prosperity, Burruss ran for political office as a way to help others and achieved political prominence in Cobb County and the Georgia House doing so. This book, filled with images and stories, celebrates A. L. Burruss: A man who referred to himself as a simple chicken plucker, his life, and his 22-year career in public service.https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/ksupresslegacy/1006/thumbnail.jp

Miss Margaret E. Walters to Mr. Meredith (2 October 1962)

https://egrove.olemiss.edu/mercorr_pro/1551/thumbnail.jp

Qualitative Research on What Leads to Success in Professional Writing

This article examines the experiences of advanced students and of graduates in a non-traditional MA in professional writing program to discover how faculty may assure student success in professional writing occupations. The study investigates the knowledge domains and habits of mind that foster student success in writing. The research is the collaborative effort of three rhetoric and composition specialists. Their research discovered that successful writers (1) define success as gaining a response from readers; (2) master six knowledge domains—genre, writing process, rhetorical, subject matter, discourse community, and metacognitive knowledge; (3) put their knowledge into action through eight similar habits of mind—persevering, embracing learning, attempting challenges, responding positively to critique, engaging in collaboration, understanding how to write in complicated contexts, and engaging in metacognition; and (4) acquire these abilities from a range of personal, professional, and academic experiences

The Effects of Postpartum Depression on Children\u27s Social Development

The increased incidence of postpartum depression has had significant effects on children’s social development. The purpose of this systematic review is to bring attention to the growing problem in such a vulnerable population. In addition, it was designed to shed light on the lack of research in this area of healthcare. The methods used to conduct the study include various peer reviewed, scholarly and evidenced based articles from databases such as Academic Search Complete, PsycNet, and Pubmed. Each article has been critically evaluated based on the following guidelines: a population group of children under the age of four, specifically maternal postpartum depression rather than paternal, and studies focused on childhood social development. The general consensus of the twenty articles conclude that maternal postpartum depression disrupts the social development of children. Specifically, decreased levels of attachment have been a common trend along with a developmental delay of communication. Based on the evidence collected during the systematic review future evidence-based practice should involve more rigorous screening of the mother child dyad in relation to promotion of mental health. How are children internationally, from birth to four years old, impacted by postpartum depression in relation to social development? Keywords: postpartum depression, development, social development, cognitive development, pediatrics, mental health, infan

Workers' Knowledge of their Legal Rights and Resistance to Hazardous Work

Cet article présente les résultats d'une étude qui a porté sur les connaissances, les perceptions et les actions des travailleurs en matière de santé et de sécurité au travail. Elle visait à découvrir s'il existait une corrélation entre leur connaissance de la loi et leurs actions face à des risques. Pour ce faire, 492 travailleurs ont été interviewés. Ceux-ci provenaient de huit établissements du sud de l'Ontario qui incluaient des petites et grandes entreprises, du secteur privé et du secteur public, certaines syndiquées et d'autres non.Les variables retenues, pour établir des relations avec la connaissance de la loi, ont été regroupées en quatre catégories: caractéristiques de l'entreprise (importance, syndicalisation et secteur d'activité); connaissance et appréciation des problèmes touchant la santé et la sécurité au travail (perception des dangers, temps perdu à la suite d'accidents ou de maladies reliés au travail, comportement des contremaîtres sur les questions d'hygiène et de sécurité, harcèlement des salariés contestataires, connaissances de leurs représentants en matière d'hygiène et de sécurité); sentiment de maîtrise personnelle (dans l'exécution de leur tâche et dans le souci de leur santé et de leur sécurité); enfin, variables démographiques (âge, scolarité, sexe, langue). Les résultats indiquent que les travailleurs, dont la situation est meilleure dans l'entreprise et sur le marché du travail (syndiqués, de sexe masculin et possédant un degré de scolarisation plus élevé), étaient plus susceptibles de mieux connaître la loi. Il en était de même pour ceux qui ont indiqué avoir le sentiment de maîtriser leur travail, leur santé et leur sécurité. Les travailleurs considérant leur tâche dangereuse, conscients de la valeur de la contestation et connaissant leurs représentants en matière d'hygiène professionnelle et de sécurité, étaient aussi généralement mieux informés de leurs droits.Parce que trop peu de travailleurs avaient recours aux «mécanismes internes de responsabilisation» que prévoient la loi, l'action des travailleurs a été mesurée en utilisant le recours au refus de travailler. La vaste majorité de ceux-ci consistaient en négociations informelles avec les contremaîtres plutôt qu'en refus formels comme le prévoit la loi. La volonté de refuser les tâches dangereuses était plus fréquente chez ceux et celles qui étaient quelque peu au courant de la loi et qui étaient conscients de la nécessité d'avoir de meilleures mesures d'hygiène professionnelle et de sécurité pour surmonter les dangers dans leur milieu de travail. Les travailleurs de l'industrie recouraient d'avantage au refus de travailleur que les employés d'hôpitaux. Les salariés les plus âgés ainsi que les femmes étaient davantage enclins à refuser de travailler.On n'a trouvé aucun lien direct entre l'action des travailleurs et la syndicalisation, la connaissance de son représentant en santé et sécurité ainsi que le sentiment de maîtrise personnelle de la tâche. Cependant, ces facteurs ont pu avoir des effets indirects par leur relation avec la connaissance de la loi.Politiquement, ces données signifient que les travailleurs ont besoin plus que de l'information sur les risques en milieu de travail, il faut s'efforcer de les informer de leurs droits, principalement les femmes, les non-syndiqués et ceux dont la scolarisation est moindre. De plus, il importe de mieux évaluer ce qui, outre le manque de connaissance de la loi, empêche les travailleurs de recourir aux mécanismes existants pour atténuer les dangers découlant du travail.The paper presents data from a study of workers' knowledge, perceptions and actions regarding occupational health and safety. The correlates of workers' knowledge of health and safety legislation are analyzed, as well as the links between their knowledge and their resistance to hazardous work. The data suggest that workers who are most disadvantaged in the workplace are least likely to be aware of their rights. The correlates of action regarding health and safety are less clear, though knowledge of the legislation was related to resistance to hazardous work

Nature, Nurture, and the Meaning of Educational Attainment: Differences by Sex and Socioeconomic Status

Estimated heritability of educational attainment (EA) varies widely, from 23% to 80%, with growing evidence suggesting the degree to which genetic variation contributes to individual differences in EA is highly dependent upon situational factors. We aimed to decompose EA into influences attributable to genetic propensity and to environmental context and their interplay, while considering influences of rearing household economic status (HES) and sex. We use the Project Talent Twin and Sibling Study, drawn from the population-representative cohort of high school students assessed in 1960 and followed through 2014, to ages 68−72. Data from 3552 twins and siblings from 1741 families were analyzed using multilevel regression and multiple group structural equation models. Individuals from less-advantaged backgrounds had lower EA and less variation. Genetic variance accounted for 51% of the total variance, but within women and men, 40% and 58% of the total variance respectively. Men had stable genetic variance on EA across all HES strata, whereas high HES women showed the same level of genetic influence as men, and lower HES women had constrained genetic influence on EA. Unexpectedly, middle HES women showed the largest constraints in genetic influence on EA. Shared family environment appears to make an outsized contribution to greater variability for women in this middle stratum and whether they pursue more EA. Implications are that without considering early life opportunity, genetic studies on education may mischaracterize sex differences because education reflects different degrees of genetic and environmental influences for women and men

The Project Talent Twin and Sibling Study: Zygosity and New Data Collection

The Project Talent Twin and Sibling (PTTS) study includes 4481 multiples and their 522 nontwin siblings from 2233 families. The sample was drawn from Project Talent, a U.S. national longitudinal study of 377,000 individuals born 1942–1946, first assessed in 1960 and representative of U.S. students in secondary school (Grades 9–12). In addition to the twins and triplets, the 1960 dataset includes 84,000 siblings from 40,000 other families. This design is both genetically informative and unique in facilitating separation of the ‘common’ environment into three sources of variation: shared by all siblings within a family, specific to twin-pairs, and associated with school/community-level factors. We term this the GIFTS model for genetics, individual, family, twin, and school sources of variance. In our article published in a previous Twin Research and Human Genetics special issue, we described data collections conducted with the full Project Talent sample during 1960–1974, methods for the recent linking of siblings within families, identification of twins, and the design of a 54-year follow-up of the PTTS sample, when participants were 68–72 years old. In the current article, we summarize participation and data available from this 2014 collection, describe our method for assigning zygosity using survey responses and yearbook photographs, illustrate the GIFTS model applied to 1960 vocabulary scores from more than 80,000 adolescent twins, siblings and schoolmates and summarize the next wave of PTTS data collection being conducted as part of the larger Project Talent Aging Study

A common and unstable copy number variant is associated with differences in Glo1 expression and anxiety-like behavior

Glyoxalase 1 (Glo1) has been implicated in anxiety-like behavior in mice and in multiple psychiatric diseases in humans. We used mouse Affymetrix exon arrays to detect copy number variants (CNV) among inbred mouse strains and thereby identified a approximately 475 kb tandem duplication on chromosome 17 that includes Glo1 (30,174,390-30,651,226 Mb; mouse genome build 36). We developed a PCR-based strategy and used it to detect this duplication in 23 of 71 inbred strains tested, and in various outbred and wild-caught mice. Presence of the duplication is associated with a cis-acting expression QTL for Glo1 (LOD>30) in BXD recombinant inbred strains. However, evidence for an eQTL for Glo1 was not obtained when we analyzed single SNPs or 3-SNP haplotypes in a panel of 27 inbred strains. We conclude that association analysis in the inbred strain panel failed to detect an eQTL because the duplication was present on multiple highly divergent haplotypes. Furthermore, we suggest that non-allelic homologous recombination has led to multiple reversions to the non-duplicated state among inbred strains. We show associations between multiple duplication-containing haplotypes, Glo1 expression and anxiety-like behavior in both inbred strain panels and outbred CD-1 mice. Our findings provide a molecular basis for differential expression of Glo1 and further implicate Glo1 in anxiety-like behavior. More broadly, these results identify problems with commonly employed tests for association in inbred strains when CNVs are present. Finally, these data provide an example of biologically significant phenotypic variability in model organisms that can be attributed to CNVs.These studies were funded by MH070933, MH79103 and MH020065