Pripravci ljekovitih biljaka za sportaše

Together with training and appropriate rest, diet is a very important part of professional athletes’ lives. This article is about plants preparation that can help sportsmen reach better performances and save them from injuries. The text involves a botanical description, chemical composition, effects, mechanism of action and use of: Salvia hispanica, Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris var. conditiva, Panax ginseng, Paullinia cupana, Curcuma longa and Aspalathus linearis. Their benefits can be various, and include providing energy, antiinflamatory, antioxidant, antistress effects, as well as rehydration, muscle regeneration and health preservation

Quantitative analysis of flavonoids and phenolic acids and determination of anti-aggregation effect in species Mentha x piperita L., Origanum vulgare L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L.

Bolesti krvožilnog sustava su vodeći uzročnici smrti i invaliditeta u svijetu. Kako bi se spriječili kardiovaskularni incidenti, koriste se brojni lijekovi, među kojima i inhibitori agregacije trombocita čija je glavna uloga onemogućavanje stvaranja i rasta funkcionalnog tromba. Pronađeno je da biljne vrste Mentha x piperita L., Origanum vulgare L. i Rosmarinus officinalis L. koje pripadaju porodici Lamiaceae posjeduju antiagregacijski učinak. U ovom radu spektrofotometrijskom metodom prema Christu i Mülleru su kvantitativno analizirani flavonoidi i fenolne kiseline prisutne u uzorcima paprene metvice, mravinca i tri uzorka ružmarina koji se međusobno razlikuju po geografskom podrijetlu i sadržanim biljim organima. U paprenoj metvici je određeno 0,69% flavonoida i 7,92% fenolnih kiselina, u mravincu 0,32% flavonoida i 10,65% fenolnih kiselina, a sadržaj flavonoida u uzorcima ružmarina varirao je od 0,33 do 0,43%, dok je fenolnih kiselina određeno od 5,90 do 13,57%. Uzorci ružmarina uzgojeni u Farmaceutskom botaničkom vrtu „Fran Kušan“ pokazali su veći sadržaj aktivnih sastojaka u odnosu na samonikle biljke iz Orebića, a također je pronađeno da su listovi ružmarina bogatiji flavonoidima i fenolnim kiselinama od cvjetova. Nadalje, proučavan je antiagregacijski učinak navedenih biljaka metodom impedancijske agregometrije na Multiplate® uređaju prema generičkom postupku proizvođača instrumenta. Agregacija je bila potaknuta ADP-om. Rezultati su statistički obrađeni Studentovim t-testom te prikazani kao statistički značajna antiagregacijska koncentracija i grafički krivuljom ovisnosti agregacije o vremenu. Pronađeno je da najbolje antiagregacijsko djelovanje imaju ekstrakti mravinca i uzorka s cvijetom skupljenog u Orebiću, a njihova statistički značajna antiagregacijska koncentracija je iznosila 2,07 μmol/dm3. Nešto slabije antiagregacijsko djelovanje su pokazali uzorci paprene metvice, ružmarina uzgojenog u Farmaceutskom botaničkom vrtu „Fran Kušan“ i ružmarina bez cvijeta skupljenog u Orebiću, a statistički značajna antiagregacijska koncentracija iznosila je 20,68 μmol/dm3.Cardiovascular diseases are leading cause of death and disability in the world. In order to prevent cardiovascular incidents, many drugs are used, including platelet aggregation inhibitors which main role is to stop generation and growth of functional thrombus. It is found that plant species Mentha x piperita L., Origanum vulgare L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. which belong to Lamiaceaeʾs family have an antiaggregation effect. In this thesis flavonoids and phenolic acids present in the samples of peppermint, oregano and three samples of rosemary which differs by geographic origin and plant organs included, were quantified using spectrophotometric method established by Christ and Müller. It was measured that peppermint has 0.69% of flavonoids and 7.92% of phenolic acids, oregano has 0.32% of flavonoids and 10.65% of phenolic acids and in three samples of rosemary amount of flavonoids varies between 0.33 and 0.43% and phenolic acids between 5.90 and 13.57%. Samples of rosemary cultivated in Pharmaceutical botanical garden „Fran Kušan“ are found to have more active compounds than plants from Orebić and it is also seen that leaves have more flavonoids and phenolic acids than flowers. Furthermore, antiaggregatory effect of plant extracts was studied by impedance aggregometry on Multiplate® Analyze. Aggregation was induced by ADP. Results were statistically assessed by Studentʼs t-test and presented as statistically significant anti-aggregation concentration and aggregation-time graph. It is found that the best antiaggregatory effects have extracts of oregano and rosemary with flowers from Orebić with statistically significant antiaggregatory concentration of 2.07 μmol/dm3. Lesser antiaggregatory effects are determined for samples of peppermint, rosemary cultivated in Pharmaceutical botanical garden „Fran Kušan“ and rosemary without flowers collected in Orebić, so their statistically significant antiaggregatory concentrations are 20.68 μmol/dm3 for each sample

Quantitative analysis of flavonoids and phenolic acids and determination of anti-aggregation effect in species Mentha x piperita L., Origanum vulgare L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L.

Bolesti krvožilnog sustava su vodeći uzročnici smrti i invaliditeta u svijetu. Kako bi se spriječili kardiovaskularni incidenti, koriste se brojni lijekovi, među kojima i inhibitori agregacije trombocita čija je glavna uloga onemogućavanje stvaranja i rasta funkcionalnog tromba. Pronađeno je da biljne vrste Mentha x piperita L., Origanum vulgare L. i Rosmarinus officinalis L. koje pripadaju porodici Lamiaceae posjeduju antiagregacijski učinak. U ovom radu spektrofotometrijskom metodom prema Christu i Mülleru su kvantitativno analizirani flavonoidi i fenolne kiseline prisutne u uzorcima paprene metvice, mravinca i tri uzorka ružmarina koji se međusobno razlikuju po geografskom podrijetlu i sadržanim biljim organima. U paprenoj metvici je određeno 0,69% flavonoida i 7,92% fenolnih kiselina, u mravincu 0,32% flavonoida i 10,65% fenolnih kiselina, a sadržaj flavonoida u uzorcima ružmarina varirao je od 0,33 do 0,43%, dok je fenolnih kiselina određeno od 5,90 do 13,57%. Uzorci ružmarina uzgojeni u Farmaceutskom botaničkom vrtu „Fran Kušan“ pokazali su veći sadržaj aktivnih sastojaka u odnosu na samonikle biljke iz Orebića, a također je pronađeno da su listovi ružmarina bogatiji flavonoidima i fenolnim kiselinama od cvjetova. Nadalje, proučavan je antiagregacijski učinak navedenih biljaka metodom impedancijske agregometrije na Multiplate® uređaju prema generičkom postupku proizvođača instrumenta. Agregacija je bila potaknuta ADP-om. Rezultati su statistički obrađeni Studentovim t-testom te prikazani kao statistički značajna antiagregacijska koncentracija i grafički krivuljom ovisnosti agregacije o vremenu. Pronađeno je da najbolje antiagregacijsko djelovanje imaju ekstrakti mravinca i uzorka s cvijetom skupljenog u Orebiću, a njihova statistički značajna antiagregacijska koncentracija je iznosila 2,07 μmol/dm3. Nešto slabije antiagregacijsko djelovanje su pokazali uzorci paprene metvice, ružmarina uzgojenog u Farmaceutskom botaničkom vrtu „Fran Kušan“ i ružmarina bez cvijeta skupljenog u Orebiću, a statistički značajna antiagregacijska koncentracija iznosila je 20,68 μmol/dm3.Cardiovascular diseases are leading cause of death and disability in the world. In order to prevent cardiovascular incidents, many drugs are used, including platelet aggregation inhibitors which main role is to stop generation and growth of functional thrombus. It is found that plant species Mentha x piperita L., Origanum vulgare L. and Rosmarinus officinalis L. which belong to Lamiaceaeʾs family have an antiaggregation effect. In this thesis flavonoids and phenolic acids present in the samples of peppermint, oregano and three samples of rosemary which differs by geographic origin and plant organs included, were quantified using spectrophotometric method established by Christ and Müller. It was measured that peppermint has 0.69% of flavonoids and 7.92% of phenolic acids, oregano has 0.32% of flavonoids and 10.65% of phenolic acids and in three samples of rosemary amount of flavonoids varies between 0.33 and 0.43% and phenolic acids between 5.90 and 13.57%. Samples of rosemary cultivated in Pharmaceutical botanical garden „Fran Kušan“ are found to have more active compounds than plants from Orebić and it is also seen that leaves have more flavonoids and phenolic acids than flowers. Furthermore, antiaggregatory effect of plant extracts was studied by impedance aggregometry on Multiplate® Analyze. Aggregation was induced by ADP. Results were statistically assessed by Studentʼs t-test and presented as statistically significant anti-aggregation concentration and aggregation-time graph. It is found that the best antiaggregatory effects have extracts of oregano and rosemary with flowers from Orebić with statistically significant antiaggregatory concentration of 2.07 μmol/dm3. Lesser antiaggregatory effects are determined for samples of peppermint, rosemary cultivated in Pharmaceutical botanical garden „Fran Kušan“ and rosemary without flowers collected in Orebić, so their statistically significant antiaggregatory concentrations are 20.68 μmol/dm3 for each sample

The Role Cytochrome P450 in Aerotoxic Syndrome

Aerotoxic syndrome is a set of acute (gastrointestinal, respiratory, irritation) and chronic (mostly neurological) symptoms of rising importance due to the increase in the frequency of air transport use caused by globalization. It represents great danger affecting health of passengers and crew members. It is assumed to be caused by exposure to tricresylphosphate, a compound found in engine oils used in aircrafts. This article presents an overview of in vivo and in vitro research on toxicity of tricresylphosphates