MAPEAMENTO DA LEISHMANIOSE CANINA NA CIDADE DE CAXIAS-MARANHÃO

Visceral leishmaniasis is a zoonosis caused by the bite of infected females of Lutzomya longipalpis. Females become infected by biting the infected dog, their main host, and transmit it to humans through the bite. This disease can be fatal to humans if left untreated. The mosquito thrives in humid places, rich in organic matter and with little light. The city of Caxias-MA, as it does not have sewage systems, becomes an excellent place for the development of this vector. There is no research in the literature addressing the locations of the affected neighborhoods and this was the main objective of the research, to develop the mapping of canine Leishmaniasis in the city of Caxias-MA. During the development of the research, a survey was carried out on cases of canine leishmaniasis, together with UVZ, the body responsible for zoonoses in the cityof Caxias-MA,  with these being analyzed and then used to create graphs. The results were satisfactory and it was possible to present the main affected neighborhoods, as well as those not affected.La leishmaniasis visceral es una zoonosis causada por la picadura de hembras infectadas de Lutzomya longipalpis. Las hembras se infectan al morder al perro infectado, su huésped principal, y lo transmiten a los humanos a través de la mordedura. Esta enfermedad puede ser fatal para los seres humanos si no se trata. El mosquito se desarrolla en lugares húmedos, ricos en materia orgánica y con poca luz. La ciudad de Caxias-MA no cuenta con alcantarillado sanitario, se convierte en un excelente lugar para el desarrollo de este vector. No hay investigaciones en la literatura que aborden las ubicaciones de los barrios afectados y este fue el objetivo principal de la investigación, elaborar el mapeo de la Leishmaniasis canina en la ciudad de Caxias-MA. Durante el desarrollo de la investigación se realizó una encuesta sobre los casos de leishmaniasis canina, con la UVZ, la agencia responsable de las zoonosis en la ciudad de Caxias-MA, siendo estas analizadas y luego utilizadas para la elaboración de gráficos. Los resultados fueron satisfactorios y fue posible presentar los principales barrios afectados, así como los no afectados.A Leishmaniose visceral é uma Zoonose causada pela picada das fêmeas infectadas do Lutzomya longipalpis. As fêmeas se infectam ao picar o cão infectado, seu principal hospedeiro, e transmite aos humanos por meio da picada. Essa doença pode ser fatal aos humanos caso não for tratada. O mosquito se desenvolve em lugares úmidos, ricos em matéria orgânica e com pouca luminosidade. A cidade de Caxias-MA, por não possuir esgotamento sanitário, torna-se um excelente local para o desenvolvimento desse vetor. Não há pesquisas na literatura abordando as localizações dos bairros afetados e esse foi o principal objetivo da pesquisa, elaborar o mapeamento da Leishmaniose canina na cidade de Caxias-MA. Durante o desenvolvimento da pesquisa foi feito um levantamento sobre os casos de leishmaniose canina, junto à UVZ, órgão responsável pelas zoonoses na cidade de Caxias-MA, com estes sendo analisados e em seguida utilizados para a elaboração de gráficos. Os resultados foram satisfatórios e possibilitaram apresentar os principais bairros afetados, assim como os não afetados.A Leishmaniose visceral é uma Zoonose causada pela picada das fêmeas infectadas do Lutzomya longipalpis. As fêmeas se infectam ao picar o cão infectado, seu principal hospedeiro, e transmite aos humanos por meio da picada. Essa doença pode ser fatal aos humanos caso não for tratada. O mosquito se desenvolve em lugares úmidos, ricos em matéria orgânica e com pouca luminosidade. A cidade de Caxias-MA, por não possuir esgotamento sanitário, torna-se um excelente local para o desenvolvimento desse vetor. Não há pesquisas na literatura abordando as localizações dos bairros afetados e esse foi o principal objetivo da pesquisa, elaborar o mapeamento da Leishmaniose canina na cidade de Caxias-MA. Durante o desenvolvimento da pesquisa foi feito um levantamento sobre os casos de leishmaniose canina, junto à UVZ, órgão responsável pelas zoonoses na cidade de Caxias-MA, com estes sendo analisados e em seguida utilizados para a elaboração de gráficos. Os resultados foram satisfatórios e possibilitaram apresentar os principais bairros afetados, assim como os não afetados

The Brazilian Soil Spectral Library (BSSL): A general view, application and challenges

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T16:42:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-11-15Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)The present study was developed in a joint partnership with the Brazilian pedometrics community to standardize and evaluate spectra within the 350–2500 nm range of Brazilian soils. The Brazilian Soil Spectral Library (BSSL) began in 1995, creating a protocol to gather soil samples from different locations in Brazil. The BSSL reached 39,284 soil samples from 65 contributors representing 41 institutions from all 26 states. Through the BSSL spectra database, it was possible to estimate important soil attributes, such as clay, sand, soil organic carbon, cation exchange capacity, pH and base saturation, resulting in differences among the multi-scale models taking Brazil (overall), regional and state scale. In general, spectral descriptive and quantitative behavior indicated important relationship with physical, chemical and mineralogical properties. Statistical analyses showed that six basic patterns of spectral signatures represent the Brazilian soils types and that environmental conditions explain the differences in spectra. This study demonstrates that spectroscopy analyses along with the establishment of soil spectral libraries are a powerful technique for providing information on a national and regional levels. We also developed an interactive online platform showing soil sample locations and their contributors. As soil spectroscopy is considered a fast, simple, accurate and nondestructive analytical procedure, its application may be integrated with wet analysis as an alternative to support the sustainable management of soils.Department of Soil Science Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ) University of São Paulo (USP), Ave. Pádua Dias 11, Cx. Postal 9Department of Soil Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima 1000Geographical Sciences Department Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Ac. Hélio Ramos, s/nDepartment of Agronomy State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790Department of Agriculture Biodiversity and Forestry Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rodovia Ulysses Gaboardi 3000 - Km 3Federal Rural University of Amazon, Ave. Presidente Tancredo Neves 2501Faculty of Agronomy and Veterinary Medicine University of BrasíliaEMBRAPA - Solos, R. Antônio Falcão, 402, Boa ViagemCenter of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture (CENA) USP, Av. Centenário 303CDRS/Secretary of Agriculture of São Paulo State, R. Campos Salles 507Department of Soils Federal University of Viçosa, Ave. Peter Henry Rolfs s/nEMBRAPA – Informática Agropecuária, Ave. André Tosello, 209Department of Nuclear Energy Federal University of Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Luis Freire 1000Department of Geography Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, R. Joaquim Gregório s/nAgronomic Institute of Campinas (IAC), Ave. Barão de Itapura 1481Institute of Agricultural Sciences Federal Rural University of Amazônia, Ave. Presidente Tancredo Neves 2501, 66.077-830Department of Soil Science Federal University of LavrasFederal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Av. Fernando Corrêa da Costa 2367Department of Soils Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Rodovia BR 465, Km 07 s/nSoil and Water Sciences Department University of Florida, 2181 McCarty Hallr, PO Box 110290EMBRAPA - Solos, R. Jardim Botânico, 1024Department of Soils and Fertilizers School of Agricultural and Veterinary Studies São Paulo State University (FCAV-UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/nFederal University of Sergipe, Av. Marechal Rondon s/nGraduate Program in Earth Sciences (Geochemistry) Department of Geochemistry Federal Fluminense University, Outeiro São João Batista, s/nFederal Institute of the Southeast of Minas Gerais, R. Monsenhor José Augusto 204Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, R. Joaquim Gregório s/nFederal University of PiauíEMBRAPA Milho e Sorgo, Rod MG 424 Km 45Institute of Agricultural Sciences Federal University of Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Valleys, Ave. Ver. João Narciso 1380Department of Biosystems Engineering ESALQ USP, Ave. Pádua Dias 11, Cx. Postal 9Federal University of Acre, Rodovia BR 364 Km 04Federal University of Amazonas, Av. General Rodrigo O. J. Ramos 1200EMBRAPA Clima Temperado, BR-392, km 78Department of Agronomy Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, R. Manuel de Medeiros s/nEMBRAPA Cocais, Quadra 11, Av. São Luís Rei de França 4Paraense Emílio Goeldi Museum, Av. Gov. Magalhães Barata 376Exata Laboratory, Rua Silvestre Carvalho Q 11Federal University of Rondônia, BR 364, Km 9.5Nacional Institute for Amazonian Research, Ave. André Araújo 2936Department of Forestry Sciences ESALQ-USP, Ave. Pádua Dias 11, Cx. Postal 9Department of Soils and Fertilizers School of Agricultural and Veterinary Studies São Paulo State University (FCAV-UNESP), Via de Acesso Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane s/nFAPESP: 2014/22262-0FAPESP: 2016/26176-6FAPESP: 2017/03207-

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data