Aprendizagem de estatística por meio de projetos no ensino médio da escola pública

Neste artigo trataremos do ensino de Estatística por meio de projetos, evidenciando a relevância da participação ativa e do diálogo no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. A proposta pedagógica foi criada com base no currículo para o 3º ano do Ensino Médio de escolas estaduais de São Paulo. Analisamos os avanços dos estudantes, no que refere ao letramento estatístico, ao longo do desenvolvimento de projetos estatísticos. Entendemos que o ato de pesquisar é primordial no processo de aprendizagem e, principalmente, na construção de indivíduos autônomos e críticos

Conservation Units as a protection tool for social wasps in Minas Gerais state, Brazil

Conservation Units are an important tool for the Brazilian biota protection. However, various taxa, including the social wasps, are undersampled or are unknown in these areas. Therefore, our study aimed to assess the social wasp richness and distribution in the Conservation Units in Minas Gerais state, southeastern Brazil. The social wasps were sampled between 2015 and 2019 in the Ritápolis National Forest (FLONA Ritápolis), in the Alto-Montana Private Natural Heritage Reserve (RPPN Alto-Montana), in the Rio Machado Basin State Environmental Protection Area (APA Rio Machado) and in the Serra de São José Environmental Protection Area (APA Serra de São José), using two different sampling methodologies. Fourteen species were sampled for FLONA Ritápolis, 10 for RPPN Alto-Montana, 35 for APA Rio Machado and 19 for APA Serra de São José. Ninety-six social wasp species of the known richness in Minas Gerais were sampled in 14 Conservation Units, representing 90% of the fauna of the state. Thirty-four species are exclusive to these areas, with emphasis on the Rio Doce State Park, the Serra do Papagaio State Park, the Pandeiros River Wildlife Regufe and the APA Rio Machado. Most of the Conservation Units sampled are in the Atlantic Forest areas, but further efforts are needed in this biome, because of its accelerated destruction. There is still an urgent need for more studies in the Cerrado and Caatinga areas in the state, especially in Conservation Units

Cataloguing Quaternary paleo-coastlines in West and Southwest Portugal. Economic, societal and geologic implications

A catalogue of paleo-coast lines in Southwest and South Portugal is presented based on direct field observation and on recent multibeam and backscatter bathymetric surveys. Above sea level, coastline classification was based on field observation of i) wave cut platforms directly associated with ii) notches and/or marine sand deposits with shell clasts, iii) speleothems interbedded with sand deposits and iv) beach rock slabs. Below sea level morphologic and archeologic criteria were used such as, i) buried cliffs under ii) prograding submarine prodeltas or littoral prisms, iii) hard rock surfaces interbedded with mobile sand deposits (possibly beach rock slabs), iv) lagoon depressions associated to coastal barriers sometimes buried by submerged river deltas and v) long wrinkled escarpments. Coastline erosive surfaces ranging from ∼30 m above present-day sea level to ∼120 m below present-day sea level were cataloged. The highest notches with beach sand and bioclasts appear to be well above Quaternary sea level high-stands within the realm of an area that is associated with Pliocene thrusting and uplift. This together with a series of close located well-preserved wave cut platforms and notches from ∼30m above sea level to ∼70 m below sea level require dating. Establishing an absolute chronology for these paleo-coastlines will contribute for understanding the different contributions from eustatic variations, littoral environments (sedimentation contributions) or vertical tectonic movements. The highly curvilinear pattern of the recently discovered paleo-coastlines in SW Portugal, between 30m to 80m below present day sea level, which mimics the present day coastline pattern, is associated with the inherited Paleozoic tectonic fabrics. These escarpments and embayments act as sand traps off the Iberian Pyrite Belt, worldwide famous for its base metals sulphide deposits. Ground truthing for characterizing these mobile deposits is in course looking for possible mineral placers. Thorough mapping of rocky outcrops is also important for habitat mapping, fisheries and diving activities in a region that is under tectonic uplift and needing artificial sand nourishment for keeping beaches attractive. This work was supported by the following projects: MINEPLAT- Assessment of the mineral resources potential in the continental shelf of Alentejo and of the environmental conditions caused by the tectonic uplift in the Pliocene-Quaternary (ALT20-03-0145-FEDER-000013), EMODnet Geology (European Marine Observation Data network, EASME/EMFF/2016/006

Training in endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection: face, content and expert validity of the live porcine model

Introduction: Endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection are demanding procedures. This study aims to establish face, content and expert validity of the live porcine model in performing endoscopic mucosal resection, endoscopic submucosal dissection, complication management and to assess it as a training tool. Material and methods: Tutors and trainees participating in live porcine model endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection workshops filled out a questionnaire regarding the realism of the model compared to human setting and its role as a learning tool. A 10-point Likert scale was used. Results: Ninety-one endoscopists (13 tutors; 78 trainees) were involved in four workshops. Median global classifications for the realism of the life porcine model ranged between 7.0–8.0 (interquartile range 5.0–9.0). Procedures resembled human cases with a median of 9.0 (8.0–9.0) for oesophageal multiband endoscopic mucosal resection; 8.5 (8.0–9.0) for oesophageal endoscopic submucosal dissection; 9.0 (8.0–10.0) for gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection; and 9.0 (8.5–9.75 and 8.0–9.69) for complication detection and management. The animal model as a learning tool had median scores of 9.0 (7.0–10.0) considering how procedures are performed; 9.0–9.5 (8.0–10.0) for usefulness for beginners; and 9.0–10.0 (5.0–10.0) regarding it a prerequisite. Conclusions: Training in a live porcine model was considered very realistic compared to the human setting and was highly appreciated as a learning tool. This is the first study to establish face, content and expert validity of the live porcine model in performing multiband endoscopic mucosal resection, oesophageal and gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection. The validation of this model provides the rationale to incorporate it into formal teaching programmes.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Initial screening of poly(ethylene glycol) amino ligands for affinity purification of plasmid DNA in aqueous two-phase systems

Gene therapy and DNA vaccination are among the most expected biotechnological and medical advances for the coming years. However, the lack of cost-effective large-scale production and purification of pharmaceutical-grade plasmid DNA (pDNA) still hampers their wide application. Downstream processing, which is mainly chromatography-based, of pDNA remains the key manufacturing step. Despite its high resolution, the scaling-up of chromatography is usually difficult and presents low capacity, resulting in low yields. Alternative methods that are based on aqueous two-phase systems (ATPSs) have been studied. Although higher yields may be obtained, its selectivity is often low. In this work, modified polymers based on poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatisation with amino groups (PEGamine) or conjugation with positively charged amino acids (PEGlysine, PEGarginine, and PEGhistidine) were studied to increase the selectivity of PEGdextran systems towards the partition of a model plasmid. A two-step strategy was employed to obtain suitable pure formulations of pDNA. In the first step, a PEGdextran system with the addition of the affinity ligand was used with the recovery of the pDNA in the PEG-rich phase. Then, the pDNA was re-extracted to an ammonium-sulphate-rich phase in the second step. After removing the salt, this method yielded a purified preparation of pDNA without RNA and protein contamination.Thanks are due to the Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT, Portugal) for financial support to the NMR Portuguese network (PTNMR, Bruker Avance III 400-Univ. Minho) and strategic funding for CQUM (UID/QUI/00686/2020).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Nature and origin of gas trapped in sediments in the Tagus River ebb-delta, off Lisbon, Portugal, the TAGUSGAS project

The Tagus River ebb-delta is located near an important city center off Lisbon, Portugal. The Tagus delta hosts various kilometer scale landslides, the most important of which has been mapped and described with a presumable age of ~11 ky and 10 km in length, 4 km wide and 20 m of maximum thickness. An equivalent area of gas trapped in the sediments has also been reported (Terrinha et al., 2019). The TAGUSGAS project aims at characterizing the nature and source of the gas. A multibeam and backscatter survey was carried out recently covering an area of 44 km2. Several morphologic artifacts were found. The magnetic survey carried out simultaneously allows at discriminating the anthropogenic origin of some of these artifacts. It also allows at distinguishing gas and igneous rock sources of acoustic blanking in the seismic reflection record. The multibeam and backscatter basemap also serves as a tool to decide targets for seafloor sites for sample collection. The authors would like to acknowledge the FCT financial support through project UIDB/50019/2020 – IDL and TAGUSGAS project (PTDC/CTA-GEO/31885/2017)

Composição de borracha vulcanizada com compostos de enxofre e processo de vulcanização de borracha

Em 04/04/2017: Anuidade de pedido de patente de invenção no prazo ordinário.DepositadaÉ descrita uma composição de borracha vulcanizada com compostos de enxofre que compreende 100 phr de uma borracha selecionada dentre o grupo que consiste de borracha natural ou uma borracha derivada de dienos, e misturas das mesmas; entre 1,5 e 4 phr de ácido esteárico; entre 2,0 e 4,0 phr de óxido de zinco; entre 1,0 e 3,0 phr de antioxidante; entre 0 e 50 phr de negro de fumo; entre 0,5 e 2 phr em relação à borracha, de um complexo metálico de ditiocarbimato ou de trítiocarbimato, e entre 0,5 e 6 phr de enxofre, um doador de enxofre ou misturas dos mesmos. É igualmente descrito o processo de vulcanização da dita composição. Por aquecimento da composição não há liberação de nitrosaminas nocivas ao meio ambiente

Origem e distribuição das artérias coronárias de javalis

The heart of a domestic swine is similar to that of a human regarding anatomy, blood perfusion, and distribution of nurturing arteries. In addition to the similarities, its low cost compared with other species is also one of the reasons these animals have been increasingly used in medical schools and in clinical, surgical, and pharmacological studies. Therefore, we aimed to identify the origin and distribution of the right and left coronary arteries of boars, emphasizing the configuration and macroscopic representativity of their branches while characterizing a possible dominance concerning the type of circulation and the potential use of this animal as an experimental model, hence boars are the ancestors of the domestic pigs. The left coronary artery has bifurcated into paraconal interventricular branch and circumflex branch; or it has trifurcated into paraconal interventricular branch, the oblique branch, and into the left circumflex branch. The right coronary artery has originated the marginal branches to the right ventricle and the right circumflex branch, which has branched out in the subsinuous interventricular branch. Anastomoses have stood out among the paraconal and subsinuous interventricular branches – where a right dominant coronary artery occurred – and between the right and left circumflex branches. We concluded that the morphology and the distribution of the coronary arteries of boars resemble those of a human and, thus, our results are useful for the conception of experimental hemodynamics and possible use as process models.O coração dos suínos domésticos apresenta semelhanças ao dos humanos mediante a anatomia, perfusão sanguínea e configuração da distribuição de suas artérias nutridoras. Tendo um menor custo para sua aquisição quando comparado a outras espécies, e dada sua similaridade apresentada, o uso desses animais nas escolas de medicina, em estudos clínicos, cirúrgicos e farmacológicos tem aumentado. Portanto, objetivou-se identificar a origem e distribuição das artérias coronárias direita e esquerda de javalis com ênfase na configuração e representatividade macroscópica dos ramos derivados das mesmas, caracterizando uma possível dominância quanto ao tipo de circulação e o potencial uso deste suídeo como modelo experimental, visto que são considerados ancestrais dos suínos domésticos. A artéria coronária esquerda bifurcou-se e deu origem aos ramos interventricular paraconal e circunflexo esquerdo, ou trifurcouse nos ramos interventricular paraconal, oblíquo e circunflexo esquerdo. Já a artéria coronária direita deu origem aos ramos marginal para o ventrículo direito e circunflexo direito que, por sua vez, ramificou-se no ramo interventricular subsinuoso. Foram evidenciadas anastomoses entre os ramos interventriculares paraconal e subsinuoso, e entre os ramos circunflexos direito e esquerdo e, conforme tal origem do ramo interventricular subsinuoso, a forma de dominância coronariana foi predominantemente direita. Conclui-se que a morfologia e distribuição das artérias coronárias de javalis se assemelham à do homem e, desse modo, nossos resultados são úteis para sua concepção da hemodinâmica experimental, e possível utilização como modelos processuais

Bisphosphonate treatment and dental implants : a systematic review

To analyze articles that studied patients submitted to diphosphonates therapy and who received dental implants before, during or after bisphosphonate (BP) treatment, compared to healthy patients, analyzing the increase of failure and loss of implants or bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) incidence. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement was used in this study. The clinical question in ?PICO? format was: In patients under bisphosphonate therapy, do dental implants placement, compared to healthy patients, increase the failure and loss of implants or bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaw incidence? PubMed/MEDLINE was searched for articles published up until April 15, 2015 using a combination of MeSH terms and their Entry terms. The search resulted in 375 articles. After selection according to the eligibility criteria, 15 studies fulfilled were included (eight retrospective, one prospective and six case series), with a total of 1339 patients analyzed, 3748 implants placed, 152 loss of implants and 78 cases of BRONJ. Due to the lack of randomized clinical trials looking at this theme, further studies with longer follow-up are needed to elucidate the remaining questions. Thus, it is wise to be careful when planning dental implant surgery in patients undergoing bisphosphonate therapy because of the risk of developing BRONJ as well as occurring failure of implant. Moreover, complete systemic condition of the patient must be also taking into considering when such procedures are performed