Engaging HIV-HCV co-infected patients in HCV treatment: the roles played by the prescribing physician and patients' beliefs (ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH cohort, France)

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Treatment for the hepatitis C virus (HCV) may be delayed significantly in HIV/HCV co-infected patients. Our study aims at identifying the correlates of access to HCV treatment in this population.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We used 3-year follow-up data from the HEPAVIH ANRS-CO13 nationwide French cohort which enrolled patients living with HIV and HCV. We included pegylated interferon and ribavirin-naive patients (N = 600) at enrolment. Clinical/biological data were retrieved from medical records. Self-administered questionnaires were used for both physicians and their patients to collect data about experience and behaviors, respectively.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Median [IQR] follow-up was 12[12-24] months and 124 patients (20.7%) had started HCV treatment. After multiple adjustment including patients' negative beliefs about HCV treatment, those followed up by a general practitioner working in a hospital setting were more likely to receive HCV treatment (OR[95%CI]: 1.71 [1.06-2.75]). Patients followed by general practitioners also reported significantly higher levels of alcohol use, severe depressive symptoms and poor social conditions than those followed up by other physicians.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Hospital-general practitioner networks can play a crucial role in engaging patients who are the most vulnerable and in reducing existing inequities in access to HCV care. Further operational research is needed to assess to what extent these models can be implemented in other settings and for patients who bear the burden of multiple co-morbidities.</p

The French national prospective cohort of patients co-infected with HIV and HCV (ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH): Early findings, 2006-2010

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In France, it is estimated that 24% of HIV-infected patients are also infected with HCV. Longitudinal studies addressing clinical and public health questions related to HIV-HCV co-infection (HIV-HCV clinical progression and its determinants including genetic dimension, patients' experience with these two diseases and their treatments) are limited. The ANRS CO 13 HEPAVIH cohort was set up to explore these critical questions.</p> <p>To describe the cohort aims and organization, monitoring and data collection procedures, baseline characteristics, as well as follow-up findings to date.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Inclusion criteria in the cohort were: age > 18 years, HIV-1 infection, chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection or sustained response to HCV treatment. A standardized medical questionnaire collecting socio-demographic, clinical, biological, therapeutic, histological, ultrasound and endoscopic data is administered at enrolment, then every six months for cirrhotic patients or yearly for non-cirrhotic patients. Also, a self-administered questionnaire documenting socio-behavioral data and adherence to HIV and/or HCV treatments is administered at enrolment and yearly thereafter.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 1,175 patients were included from January 2006 to December 2008. Their median age at enrolment was 45 years and 70.2% were male. The median CD4 cell count was 442 (IQR: 304-633) cells/μl and HIV RNA plasma viral load was undetectable in 68.8%. Most participants (71.6%) were on HAART. Among the 1,048 HIV-HCV chronically co-infected patients, HCV genotype 1 was predominant (56%) and cirrhosis was present in 25%. As of January, 2010, after a median follow-up of 16.7 months (IQR: 11.3-25.3), 13 new cases of decompensated cirrhosis, nine hepatocellular carcinomas and 20 HCV-related deaths were reported, resulting in a cumulative HCV-related severe event rate of 1.9/100 person-years (95% CI: 1.3-2.5). The rate of HCV-related severe events was higher in cirrhotic patients and those with a low CD4 cells count, but did not differ according to sex, age, alcohol consumption, CDC clinical stage or HCV status.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The ANRS CO 13 HEPAVIH is a nation-wide cohort using a large network of HIV treatment, infectious diseases and internal medicine clinics in France, and thus is highly representative of the French population living with these two viruses and in care.</p

Epidémiologie clinique de la prise en charge des patients co-infectés par le VIH et le virus de l’hépatite C à partir des cohortes ANRS CO 03 Aquitaine et ANRS CO 13 HEPAVIH

L’infection par le virus de l’hépatite C est fréquente chez les patients infectés par le VIH. Chez les patients co-infectés VIH-VHC, les lésions hépatiques sont plus sévères et évoluent plus rapidement vers la cirrhose et ses complications. Cette thèse est consacrée à la description des patients co-infectés pris en charge, en France (2006-2008), à l’évaluation de la prévalence et des facteurs de stéatose hépatique chez ces patients, et à la question de l’évaluation non invasive de la fibrose hépatique. La prise en charge des patients co-infectés VIH-VHC devrait inclure un dépistage systématique de la stéatose hépatique. L’évaluation de la fibrose hépatique par l’utilisation de deux scores non invasifs (Fibroscan-Apri, Fibroscan-Fibrotest, par exemple) pourrait être envisagée. En cas de discordance entre les résultats de ces scores, une biopsie hépatique doit être réalisée.Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is common in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV-HCV Co-infection is associated with more severe and more rapid progression of HCV, leading to increased incidence of fibrosis, cirrhosis, and end-stage liver disease. Our work is devoted to the description of HIV-HCV co-infected patients (2006-2008). We also evaluated the prevalence and factors associated with liver steatosis in these patients. Lastly, we addressed the issue of the non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis. The management of HIV-HCV co-infected patients should comprise a systematic screening of liver steatosis. The assessment of liver fibrosis using two non-invasive tests (eg Fibroscan-Apri, Fibroscan-Fibrotest) should be considered. In case of discordance between the results of these tests, a liver biopsy must be performed

Epidémiologie clinique de la prise en charge des patients co-infectés par le VIH et le virus de l’hépatite C à partir des cohortes ANRS CO 03 Aquitaine et ANRS CO 13 HEPAVIH

L’infection par le virus de l’hépatite C est fréquente chez les patients infectés par le VIH. Chez les patients co-infectés VIH-VHC, les lésions hépatiques sont plus sévères et évoluent plus rapidement vers la cirrhose et ses complications. Cette thèse est consacrée à la description des patients co-infectés pris en charge, en France (2006-2008), à l’évaluation de la prévalence et des facteurs de stéatose hépatique chez ces patients, et à la question de l’évaluation non invasive de la fibrose hépatique. La prise en charge des patients co-infectés VIH-VHC devrait inclure un dépistage systématique de la stéatose hépatique. L’évaluation de la fibrose hépatique par l’utilisation de deux scores non invasifs (Fibroscan-Apri, Fibroscan-Fibrotest, par exemple) pourrait être envisagée. En cas de discordance entre les résultats de ces scores, une biopsie hépatique doit être réalisée.Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is common in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV-HCV Co-infection is associated with more severe and more rapid progression of HCV, leading to increased incidence of fibrosis, cirrhosis, and end-stage liver disease. Our work is devoted to the description of HIV-HCV co-infected patients (2006-2008). We also evaluated the prevalence and factors associated with liver steatosis in these patients. Lastly, we addressed the issue of the non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis. The management of HIV-HCV co-infected patients should comprise a systematic screening of liver steatosis. The assessment of liver fibrosis using two non-invasive tests (eg Fibroscan-Apri, Fibroscan-Fibrotest) should be considered. In case of discordance between the results of these tests, a liver biopsy must be performed

Epidémiologie clinique de la prise en charge des patients co-infectés par le VIH et le virus de l'hépatite C à partir des cohortes ANRS CO 03 Aquitaine et ANRS CO 13 HEPAVIH

L infection par le virus de l hépatite C est fréquente chez les patients infectés par le VIH. Chez les patients co-infectés VIH-VHC, les lésions hépatiques sont plus sévères et évoluent plus rapidement vers la cirrhose et ses complications. Cette thèse est consacrée à la description des patients co-infectés pris en charge, en France (2006-2008), à l évaluation de la prévalence et des facteurs de stéatose hépatique chez ces patients, et à la question de l évaluation non invasive de la fibrose hépatique. La prise en charge des patients co-infectés VIH-VHC devrait inclure un dépistage systématique de la stéatose hépatique. L évaluation de la fibrose hépatique par l utilisation de deux scores non invasifs (Fibroscan-Apri, Fibroscan-Fibrotest, par exemple) pourrait être envisagée. En cas de discordance entre les résultats de ces scores, une biopsie hépatique doit être réalisée.Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is common in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV-HCV Co-infection is associated with more severe and more rapid progression of HCV, leading to increased incidence of fibrosis, cirrhosis, and end-stage liver disease. Our work is devoted to the description of HIV-HCV co-infected patients (2006-2008). We also evaluated the prevalence and factors associated with liver steatosis in these patients. Lastly, we addressed the issue of the non-invasive assessment of liver fibrosis. The management of HIV-HCV co-infected patients should comprise a systematic screening of liver steatosis. The assessment of liver fibrosis using two non-invasive tests (eg Fibroscan-Apri, Fibroscan-Fibrotest) should be considered. In case of discordance between the results of these tests, a liver biopsy must be performed.BORDEAUX2-Bib. électronique (335229905) / SudocSudocFranceF

High levels of alcohol consumption increase the risk of advanced hepatic fibrosis in HIV/hepatitis C virus-coinfected patients: a sex-based analysis using transient elastography at enrollment in the HEPAVIH ANRS CO13 cohort.

International audienceComment in Reply to Marcellin et al. [Clin Infect Dis. 2014]Comment on Relationship between alcohol use categories and noninvasive markers of advanced hepatic fibrosis in HIV-infected, chronic hepatitis C virus-infected, and uninfected patients. [Clin Infect Dis. 2014

Validation and comparison of simple noninvasive indexes for predicting liver fibrosis in HIV-HCV-coinfected patients: ANRS CO3 Aquitaine cohort.: Non invasive fibrosis indexes in HIV-HCV coinfected patients

International audienceBACKGROUND: Although an increasing number of noninvasive fibrosis markers are available in HCV-monoinfected patients, data on the performance of these tests in HIV-HCV-coinfected patients are lacking. OBJECTIVE: To assess the diagnostic performance for predicting hepatic fibrosis stage of four simple and inexpensive noninvasive indexes (FIB-4, APRI, Forns, and platelet count) in HIV-HCV-coinfected patients. METHODS: Two hundred consecutive HIV-HCV-coinfected patients from the ANRS-CO3 Aquitaine cohort who underwent liver biopsy were studied. Fibrosis stage was assessed according to Metavir scoring system by a single pathologist unaware of the data of the patients. Diagnostic performances were assessed by measuring the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC) and the percentage of patients correctly identified (PCI). RESULTS: For predicting significant fibrosis (F > or = 2), APRI, Forns index, and FIB-4 had AUROCS of 0.77, 0.75, and 0.79, with 39%, 25%, and 70% of PCI, respectively. For predicting severe fibrosis (F > or = 3), FIB-4 had AUROC of 0.77 with 56% of PCI. For predicting cirrhosis (F4), FIB-4, APRI, and platelet count had AUROCs of 0.80, 0.79, and 0.78, with 59%, 60%, and 76% of PCI, respectively. Overall, diagnostic performances of the different indexes did not differ significantly for both significant fibrosis and cirrhosis. CONCLUSION: The use of these noninvasive indexes could save liver biopsies in up to 56-76% of cases for the prediction of severe fibrosis-cirrhosis. However, given the high percentage of misclassified cases for significant fibrosis, such indexes do not appear currently suitable for use in clinical practice in HIV-HCV-coinfected patients

Antiretroviral therapy and sustained virological response to HCV therapy are associated with slower liver fibrosis progression in HIV–HCV-coinfected patients: study from the ANRS CO 13 HEPAVIH cohort

International audienceBackground: The aim of this study was to describe changes in repeated liver stiffness (LS) measurements and to assess the determinants of increase in LS in HIV-HCV-coinfected patients.Methods: HIV-HCV-coinfected adults enrolled in the ANRS CO 13 HEPAVIH cohort, for whom two results of LS, evaluated over ≥24 months, were available. Patients with unreliable LS results were not included. LS was measured at baseline and every year thereafter. Determinants of LS increase were assessed using linear (primary outcome: last LS minus first LS value) and logistic (secondary outcome: ≥30% increase in the initial LS value) regression analyses.Results: A total of 313 patients (mean age 45 years, 67.4% male) were included. Overall, 93.9% were receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART). The mean baseline CD4(+) T-cell count was 471 cells/mm(3) and 72.2% of patients had undetectable plasma HIV RNA. The mean interval between the first and last LS measurements was 33.5 months. No significant difference was found between baseline and follow-up mean LS values (P=0.39). However, a decrease of ≥30% in LS was observed in 48 (15.3%) patients and an increase of ≥30% in 64 (20.5%) patients. In multivariate linear and logistic analyses, excessive alcohol intake (β coefficient 6.8; P=0.0006) and high HCV viral load (OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1, 2.5; P=0.01) were independently associated with an increase in LS, whereas time on ART>114.5 months (OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3, 0.9; P=0.03) and achievement of sustained virological response (OR 0.1, 95% CI 0.01, 0.9; P=0.04) were independently associated with no increase in LS.Conclusions: Our findings show that long-term ART and achieving sustained virological response in HIV-HCV-coinfected patients are both significantly associated with lack of increase in LS over a 33-month period

Hepatic steatosis in HIV-HCV coinfected patients in France: comparison with HCV monoinfected patients matched for body mass index and HCV genotype.

International audienceBackground Significance of steatosis in HIV-HCV coinfection remains controversial. Aim To compare the prevalence and predictors of hepatic steatosis between HIV-HCV and HCV patients matched for steatosis known determinants. Methods A total of 564 HCV-naive patients undergoing liver biopsy were studied: 137 with HIV-HCV coinfection and 427 with HCV monoinfection, among whom 137 were matched for age, gender, body mass index and HCV genotype. Results Steatosis of any grade (67.1% vs. 41.6%, P < 0.0001), mixed steatosis (55.4% vs. 21.1%, P < 0.0001), severe histological activity (A2-A3: 78.1% vs. 55.5%, P < 0.0001) and severe fibrosis (F3-F4: 33.1% vs. 15.3%, P < 0.0001) were significantly more common in coinfected than in matched monoinfected patients. In multivariate analysis, steatosis was associated only with severe histological activity [odds ratio (OR): 3.1 (95% CI: 1.3-7.1)] in coinfected patients and with elevated body mass index [OR; 1.3 (1.1-1.5)], HCV genotype 3 [OR: 5.6 (2.3-13.9)], severe histological activity [OR: 3.1 (1.3-7.3)] and severe fibrosis [OR: 4.7 (1.3-17.3)] in monoinfected patients. Conclusions Steatosis is significantly more common and severe in HIV-HCV coinfected than in HCV monoinfected French patients, even after matching for body mass index and HCV genotype. Steatosis is associated only with severe histological activity in coinfected patients and with previously reported factors in monoinfected patients, thus suggesting different underlying mechanisms