Les besoins non comblées de services à domicile chez les aînés canadiens

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Les besoins non comblés de services à domicile chez les aînés canadiens

The shift to ambulatory care, initiated in Canada’s health care system in the 1990’s, consists in reducing the length of hospitals stays, delaying institutionalization and promoting home care. However, the supply for health and social support services is flawed in that seniors living in the community do not receive all the home care assistance they report to need. Based on data from the 2002 General Social Survey, this research presents a global portrait of unmet needs for home care services in Canada. It shows that 26.8% of seniors need assistance, accounting for approximately 1,024,000 individuals. Among these, just over 180,000 (17.7%) had at least one unmet need. In nearly half the cases, elderly with unmet needs receive insufficient support for 2 activities or more. Furthermore, house cleaning, house maintenance and outdoor work are the three activities with the highest prevalence of unmet needs. Finally, the younger seniors, those who require assistance for 3 or 4 activities, and those living in Quebec and British Columbia are most likely to have unmet needs.unmet needs, need for assistance, personal assistance, home care services, seniors, activity limitations, GSS 2002, Canada

L’environnement familial des Canadiens âgés de 75 ans et plus à l’horizon 2030

À l’aide de résultats issus du modèle de microsimulation LifePaths, développé par Statistique Canada, nous estimons l’évolution de la situation matrimoniale et de la proportion d’individus sans enfant survivant des futures personnes âgées selon l’âge et le sexe pour le Canada en 2001 et 2031. Ces projections permettent de montrer comment l’évolution de la structure par âge, des situations matrimoniales et de la proportion de personnes sans enfant va transformer l’environnement familial des personnes âgées tant dans leur structure que dans leurs effectifs. Les résultats montrent que la baisse attendue du veuvage aura pour effet de diminuer la proportion de femmes de 75 ans et plus sans conjoint; par ailleurs, ils montrent que l’arrivée de baby-boomers à l’âge de 75 ans dès 2021 fera grimper plus particulièrement le nombre de personnes de cet âge dont l’environnement familial est caractérisé par l’absence d’enfant survivant.With the help of the results obtained from the LifePaths Microsimulation Model developed by Statistics Canada, we made estimates as to the situation of marriage and the changes in the proportion of individuals with no surviving children amongst future elderly people, based on gender and age, with location in Canada 2001 and 2031. Our projections allow us to see how changes in age, matrimonial situations and the number of individuals with no surviving children will affect the family environment of the elderly both as concerns the structure of their lives and their numbers. The results indicate that the anticipated retarding of male deaths will lessen the number of spouseless women aged 75 and over. The results also anticipate that the number of baby boomers reaching the age of 75, as from the year 2021, will more specifically increase the number of this age in whose family environment there will characteristically be no surviving children

L’environnement familial des Canadiens âgés de 75 ans et plus à l’horizon 2030

À l’aide de résultats issus du modèle de microsimulation LifePaths, développé par Statistique Canada, nous estimons l’évolution de la situation matrimoniale et de la proportion d’individus sans enfant survivant des futures personnes âgées selon l’âge et le sexe pour le Canada en 2001 et 2031. Ces projections permettent de montrer comment l’évolution de la structure par âge, des situations matrimoniales et de la proportion de personnes sans enfant va transformer l’environnement familial des personnes âgées tant dans leur structure que dans leurs effectifs. Les résultats montrent que la baisse attendue du veuvage aura pour effet de diminuer la proportion de femmes de 75 ans et plus sans conjoint ; par ailleurs, ils montrent que l’arrivée de baby-boomers à l’âge de 75 ans dès 2021 fera grimper plus particulièrement le nombre de personnes de cet âge dont l’environnement familial est caractérisé par l’absence d’enfant survivant.With the help of the results obtained from the LifePaths Microsimulation Model developed by Statistics Canada, we made estimates as to the situation of marriage and the changes in the proportion of individuals with no surviving children amongst future elderly people, based on gender and age, with location in Canada 2001 and 2031. Our projections allow us to see how changes in age, matrimonial situations and the number of individuals with no surviving children will affect the family environment of the elderly both as concerns the structure of their lives and their numbers. The results indicate that the anticipated retarding of male deaths will lessen the number of spouseless women aged 75 and over. The results also anticipate that the number of baby boomers reaching the age of 75, as from the year 2021, will more specifically increase the number of this age in whose family environment there will characteristically be no surviving children

What will the family composition of older people be like tomorrow? A comparison of Canada and France

Western societies are experiencing a dramatic growth in the population aged 75 and older. Changes in family composition raise questions about who will care for those who need assistance. We compared population projections to the year 2030 of those families aged 75 and older in Canada and France. Over the next 25 years, the pool of potential family carers, (i.e., spouses and children), will broaden from the effect of the baby boom and increased proportion of women with spouses. The populations most dependent on formal care, with no potential support from a child or a spouse, will increase more sharply in Canada (123%) than in France (34%) but at a slower rate than the total population. Policy and programs in both countries will need to prepare for a greater number of elderly spouses providing care and in Canada, at least, a significant increase in the number that will need to rely on formal services

Climate change and occupational health and safety in a temperate climate: Potential impacts and research priorities in Quebec, Canada

The potential impacts of climate change (CC) on Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) have been studied a little in tropical countries, while they received no attention in northern industrialized countries with a temperate climate. This work aimed to establish an overview of the potential links between CC and OHS in those countries and to determine research priorities for Quebec, Canada. A narrative review of the scientific literature (2005-2010) was presented to a working group of international and national experts and stakeholders during a workshop held in 2010. The working group was invited to identify knowledge gaps, and a modified Delphi method helped prioritize research avenues. This process highlighted five categories of hazards that are likely to impact OHS in northern industrialized countries: heat waves/increased temperatures, air pollutants, UV radiation, extreme weather events, vector-borne/zoonotic diseases. These hazards will affect working activities related to natural resources (i.e. agriculture, fishing and forestry) and may influence the socioeconomic context (built environment and green industries), thus indirectly modifying OHS. From this consensus approach, three categories of research were identified: 1) Knowledge acquisition on hazards, target populations and methods of adaptation; 2) Surveillance of diseases/ accidents/occupational hazards; and 3) Development of new occupational adaptation strategies