Carbon dioxide sorption by tetradecylamine supported on silica gel

Carbon dioxide emissions generated from fossil fuel-based power plants and other industries has reached 400 ppm in atmosphere. This negatively impact the environment, infrastructures and wildlife in particular. A lot of efforts are needed to produce CO2 gas sorbent in order to reduce high CO2 concentration. Therefore, porous silica gel (SG) is modified with amine compound for carbon dioxide capture. Calcinated silica gel functionalized with tetradecylamine (TDA) using wet impregnation has been developed as a porous media. The prepared sorbents is characterized by N2 physisorption technique Brunauer-Emmet-Teller analysis (BET). Significant changes in physical properties of the sorbents further ascertained the dispersion of TDA on the internal channels and external surface of the SG. Reactivity of porous sorbent towards CO2 was evaluated using isothermal CO2 adsorption desorption technique. This study shows 65TDA/SG enable to adsorb CO2 in the highest capacity which is 23.22 cm3CO2per gram sorbent. Moreover, CO2 capture consists of two type sorption which are physisorption and chemisorption. 55TDA/SG is the best sorbent in capturing CO 2by chemisorption (19.62 cm3CO2per gram adsorbent)

XRD and CO2 adsorption studies of modified silica gel with octadecylamine

Porous surface of silica gel (SG) have been modified with long and straight chain fatty amine compounds (octadecylamine, ODA) via wet impregnation process. Initially, heat treatment with various temperature which are 100 ºC, 200 ºC, 400 ºC and 600 ºC was done to the SG before continuing with impregnation process. Characterizations by XRD of the treated samples were showed no significant difference in each diffractogram. The best temperature for heat treatment was 600 ºC (SG600) and it was referred to the ability of the SG600 type adsorbents in adsorbing CO2 resulted from adsorption desorption isotherm of CO2. The 5 and 35 wt% of ODA supported on the SG600 was further characterized using XRD analysis which displayed the increasing intensity of crystalline ODA with higher percent amine loaded and shifting of the several crystalline peaks of ODA verified the interaction of SG600-ODA. These further strengthen the dispersion of ODA on the surface of SG600

CO2 capture on NiO supported imidazolium-based ionic liquid

CO2 capture on NiO supported imidazolium-based ionic liquid, NiO/[emim][HSO4]/SiO2 as an adsorbent was investigated using gas adsorption analyzer and physicochemical properties of the adsorbent were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), surface area analyzer (BET method) and temperature-program-desorption analysis (TPD). Immobilization of ionic liquid on silica, [emim][HSO4]/SiO2 slightly decreased the surface area compared to bare silica from 266 to 256 m2/g due to the pore blocking by the confinement of IL in SiO2 pore. Interestingly, introduction of NiO on supported ionic liquid, NiO/[emim][HSO4]/SiO2 was increased the surface area as well as pore volume from 256 to 356 m2/g and 0.14 to 0.38 cm3/g, respectively. The enhancement of surface area and pore volume was significantly increased the CO2 adsorption performance with capacity of 48.8 mg CO2/g adsorbent compared to [emim][HSO4]/SiO2 27.3 mg CO2/g adsorbent)

Characterizations and application of supported ionic liquid [bmim][CF3SO3]/SiO2 in CO2 capture

Supported ionic liquid (IL) [bmim][CF3SO3] on SiO2 was prepared, characterized and its potential evaluated for CO2 capture via adsorption and desorption studies using gas adsorption analyzer. The physical and chemical properties were determined using N2 adsorption/desorption and CO2-TPD analysis. The increasing IL loading caused a drastic decrease in the surface area as well as pore volume due to the confinement of IL within the micropore and mesopore area. However, the increasing IL loading increased the basicity of the sorbent which significantly enhanced CO2 chemisorption. Supported [bmim][CF3SO3] on SiO2 revealed the physical and chemical adsorption of CO2 and resulted in a remarkable CO2 adsorption capacity at atmospheric pressure and room temperature (66.7 mg CO2/gadsorbent) which has great potential in industrial applications

The influence of calcination temperature on iron oxide (α-Fe2O3) towards CO2 adsorption prepared by simple mixing method = Kesan suhu pengkalsinan ferum oksida (α-Fe2O3) disediakan melalui kaedah campuran ringkas terhadap penjerapan CO2

Synthesized iron oxide, α-Fe2O3 used for CO2 capturing was prepared by a simple mixing method and calcined at temperatures in a range of 350 – 850 °C. CO2 adsorption isotherms at 25 °C and 1 atm found that the sample namely s450 that calcined at 450 °C gave the highest CO2 adsorption activity with the adsorption capacity of 17.0 mgCO2/gadsorbent. Monodentate carbonate, bidentate carbonate and bicarbonates formation were observed on s450 through the IR spectra. The basicity of s450 was identified by chemisorption of CO-TPD which contains weak, medium and strong basic sites with CO total adsorbed amount of 1.99 cm3/g. It was found that s450 calcined at 450 °C has certain crystallite peaks that abruptly increased through the XRD diffractogram. The texture properties of s450 generated high porosity and more uniform sphere shape particle size with high surface area (50.5 m2/g). Furthermore, it is composed of trimodal distribution for pore size distribution curve desirable for CO2 adsorption. Penjerapan CO2 terhadap ferum oksida, α-Fe2O3 yang disintesis melalui kaedah campuran ringkas dan dikalsin pada suhu 350- 850 °C. Penjerapan isoterma CO2 pada suhu bilik, 25 °C and 1 atm mendapati sampel s450 yang dikalsin pada suhu 450 °C menunjukkan aktiviti penjerapan CO2 paling tinggi dengan keupayaan penjerapan sebanyak 17.0 mgCO2/gpenjerap. Spektrum IR telah membuktikan pembentukan spesis monodentat karbonat, bidentat karbonat dan bikarbonat pada s450. Sifat bes s450 yang dikenalpasti menggunakan jerapan kimia CO-TPD dimana jumlah CO yang dijerap oleh tapak bes lemah, sederhana dan kuat adalah 1.99 cm3 /g. Difraktogram XRD pula menunjukkan terdapat beberapa puncak kekisi yang meningkat. Tekstur s450 pula mempunyai keporosan yang tinggi dan bentuk sfera yang lebih sekata serta luas permukaan yang tinggi (50.5 m2 /g). Tambahan lagi, graf taburan saiz liang s450 juga terdiri daripada taburan jenis trimodal yang menjadi salah satu faktor penting dalam penjerapan CO

Comparative adsorption isotherm for Beryllium oxide/Iron (III) Oxide toward CO2 adsorption and desorption studies

Surface modification of Fe2O3 by adding BeO was synthesized and calcined at different temperatures of 200-600 °C. The adsorbents were characterized by using XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm prior to performing CO2 adsorption and desorption studies. The CO2 adsorption data were analyzed using adsorption isotherm models such as Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich. BeO/Fe2O3-300 that calcined at 300 °C showed the most efficient adsorbent with physisorption and chemisorption were measured at 5.85 and 45.88 mg/g respectively. The CO2 adsorption notably best fitted with Freundlich isotherm with R2 = 0.9897 and calculated adsorption capacity closest to experimental data. This implies the CO2 adsorption process was governed by multilayer adsorption on the heterogeneous surface of the adsorbent. The mean free energy of adsorption (E=3.536 kJ/mol) from Dubinin-Radushkevich and heat of adsorption (bT=3.219 kJ/mol) from the Temkin model support that the adsorption process is physical phenomena

Chemical Reduction Behavior of Zirconia Doped to Nickel at Different Temperature in Carbon Monoxide Atmosphere

The reduction behavior of nickel oxide (NiO) and zirconia (Zr) doped NiO (Zr/NiO) was investigated using temperature programmed reduction (TPR) using carbon monoxide (CO) as a reductant and then characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen absorption isotherm using BET technique and FESEM-EDX. The reduction characteristics of NiO to Ni were examined up to temperature 700 °C and continued with isothermal reduction by 40 vol. % CO in nitrogen. The studies show that the TPR profile of doped NiO slightly shifts to a higher temperature as compared to the undoped NiO which begins at 387 °C and maximum at 461 °C. The interaction between ZrO2 with Ni leads to this slightly increase by 21 to 56 °C of the reduction temperature. Analysis using XRD confirmed, the increasing percentage of Zr from 5 to 15% speed up the reducibility of NiO to Ni at temperature 550 °C. At this temperature, undoped NiO and 5% Zr/NiO still show some crystallinity present of NiO, but 15% Zr/NiO shows no NiO in crystalline form. Based on the results of physical properties, the surface area for 5% Zr/NiO and 15% Zr/NiO was slightly increased from 6.6 to 16.7 m2/g compared to undoped NiO and for FESEM-EDX, the particles size also increased after doped with Zr on to NiO where 5% Zr/NiO particles were 110 ± 5 nm and 15% Zr/NiO 140 ± 2 nm. This confirmed that the addition of Zr to NiO has a remarkable chemical effect on complete reduction NiO to Ni at low reduction temperature (550 °C). This might be due to the formation of intermetallic between Zr/NiO which have new chemical and physical properties

Effect of cobalt on nickel oxide toward reduction behaviour in hydrogen and carbon monoxide atmosphere

The reduction behaviour of cobalt doped with nickel oxide and undoped nickel oxide (NiO) by hydrogen (H2) in nitrogen (20%, v/v) and carbon monoxide (CO) in nitrogen (40%, v/v) atmospheres have been investigated by temperature programmed reduction (TPR). The phases formed of partially and completely reduced samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). TPR results indicate that the reduction of Co doped and undoped nickel oxide in both reductants proceed in one step reduction (NiO → Ni) without intermediate. TPR results also suggested that by adding Co metal into NiO, the reduction to metallic Ni by both reductant gaseous give different intensity of the peak. The reduction process of Co and undoped NiO become faster when H2 was used as a reductant. Furthermore, in H2 atmosphere, Co-NiO give complete reduction to metallic Ni at 700 °C. Meanwhile, XRD analysis indicated that NiO without Co composed better crystallite phases of NiO with higher intensity

Carbon dioxide adsorption and desorption study using bimetallic calcium oxide impregnated on iron (III) oxide

Bimetal adsorbent system of calcium oxide impregnated on iron (III) oxide were evaluated as a potential source of basic sites for CO capture. The adsorbents were prepared by impregnation method were calcined at 200 until 600 °C. Several characterizations were carried out using XRD, BET and CO -TPD analysis. The CaO loading increased the basicity of the adsorbent signicantly enhance the CO chemisorption. Furthermore, it drastically reduced the desorption temperature to 310-490 °C, which is important in chemisorption aspect. The CaO/Fe O 200 which calcined at 200 °C was found to be most ecient. The CO chemisorption (81.29 mg CO /g adsorbent) was contributed most compared to physisorption (4.64 mg CO /g adsorbent