Indoor characterization of a reflective type 3D LCPV system

This is the final version of the article. Available from AIP Publishing via the DOI in this record.Low concentrating photovoltaic (LCPV) systems produces higher electrical output per unit solar cell compared to typical PV systems. The high efficiency Si solar cells can be utilized with little design and manufacturing changes for these applications. However, a key barrier towards achieving economic viability and the widespread adoption of LCPV technologies is the losses related to high operating temperature. In the present study, we evaluate the performance 3D low concentration system designed for 3.6x, using a reflective Cross compound parabolic concentrator (CCPC) and a Laser Grooved Buried Contact solar cell having an area of 50∗50mm 2 . Results demonstrate the losses occurring due to the temperature rise of the solar cell under concentration and we analyze the potential which could be utilized for low grade heating applications.The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support received from the EPSRC through Solar Challenge project SUNTRAP (EP/K022156/1). We would also like to thank the Super Solar Hub for providing us with the travel grant for this conference

Azithromycin-chloroquine and the intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy

In the high malaria-transmission settings of sub-Saharan Africa, malaria in pregnancy is an important cause of maternal, perinatal and neonatal morbidity. Intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy (IPTp) with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) reduces the incidence of low birth-weight, pre-term delivery, intrauterine growth-retardation and maternal anaemia. However, the public health benefits of IPTp are declining due to SP resistance. The combination of azithromycin and chloroquine is a potential alternative to SP for IPTp. This review summarizes key in vitro and in vivo evidence of azithromycin and chloroquine activity against Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, as well as the anticipated secondary benefits that may result from their combined use in IPTp, including the cure and prevention of many sexually transmitted diseases. Drug costs and the necessity for external financing are discussed along with a range of issues related to drug resistance and surveillance. Several scientific and programmatic questions of interest to policymakers and programme managers are also presented that would need to be addressed before azithromycin-chloroquine could be adopted for use in IPTp