Chemical variability and biological activity of the essential oil of species Seseli rigidum Waldst. & Kit. (Apiaceae)

Predmet doktorske disertacije je hemijska karakterizacija i ispitivanje varijabilnosti sastava etarskog ulja vrste Seseli rigidum sa prirodnih staništa u Srbiji. Devesilje, S. rigidum je subendemična biljka raprostranjena na prostoru Balkanskog poluostrva, Rumunije i Ukrajine. Uvidom u literaturne podatke, utvrđeno je da su dosadašnja ispitivanja obuhvatila ispitivanja zbirnog uzorka etarskog ulja herbe i ploda devesilja sa pojedinačnog lokaliteta. Iako su poliacetileni rasprostranjeni u pripadnicima familije Apiaceae, njihovo prisustvo u vrsti S. rigidum do sada nije utvrđeno. Takođe, različite vrste roda Seseli primenjuju se u tradicionalnoj medicini, a biološka aktivnost etarskog ulja vrste S. rigidum nije proučavana. Uzorci vrste S. rigidum sakupljani su sa sedam lokaliteta u istočnoj i zapadnoj Srbiji, tokom dvogodišnjeg perioda, u različitim fazama razvoja biljke. Pri svakom uzorkovanju prikupljeno je deset individualnih uzoraka i jedan zbirni uzorak. Etarsko ulje je izolovano destilacijom pomoću vodene pare. Svaki uzorak ulja analiziran je GC i GC-MS metodom. Statistička analiza dobijenih podataka o sastojcima etarskog ulja i njihovom međusobnom odnosu obuhvatala je: preračun osnovnih statističkih parametara, analizu varijanse (ANOVA), analizu korelacije, analizu glavnih komponenti (PCA), diskriminantnu analizu (CDA) i klaster analizu. Na osnovu obrađenih podataka (183 komponente) o sastavu etarskog ulja za 206 individualnih uzoraka (pojedinačnih biljaka) S. rigidum, utvrđena su glavna jedinjenja koja karakterišu ovu biljnu vrstu: falkarinol (do 95,3%), sabinen (do 69,1%), α-pinen (do 65,6%), limonen (do 43,4%), β-felandren (do 37,5%), germakren B (do 33,3%), karotol (do 21,9%), germakren D (do 19,9%) i β-seskvifelandren (do 19,7%). Kada se posmatra etarsko ulje korena, posle obrade podataka za sve uzorke ulja koji su dobijeni iz ovog biljnog organa (68 individualnih uzoraka), može se zaključiti da su najvažniji sastojci: falkarinol (29,4-95,3%), α-pinen (0-15,4%), δ-amorfen (0- 12,6%), sabinen (0-11,4%), 3-butil-ftalid (0-11,3%) i β-seskvifelandren (0-10,5%)...The object of the doctoral dissertation was chemical characterisation and investigation of the variability of composition of the essential oil of species Seseli rigidum from natural habitats in Serbia. Seseli rigidum is a subendemic plant native to the Balkan Peninsula, Romania and Ukraine. In the former reports only the essential oil of a collective sample from single locality from the aerial parts and fruit of S. rigidum were investigated. Although the polyacetilene compounds are widespread in the species of Apiaceae family, their presence in the species S. rigidum was not confirmed. Also, despite the traditional uses of the different species of the genus Seseli, the biological activity of the essential oil of the species S. rigidum was not researched. The samples of S. rigidum were collected from the seven localities in Eastern and Western Serbia, during two years, in the different phases of the plant development. Ten individual and one collective sample were obtained during the each sampling. The essential oil was isolated by hydrodistillation. Samples of essential oils were analyzed by GC and GC-MS methods. The statistical analysis of obtained data of the essential oil components and their relationships included: the calculations of the basic statistical parameters, analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlation analysis, principal components analysis (PCA), canonical discriminant analysis (CDA) and cluster analysis. Main compounds characteristic for species S. rigidum based on the data (183 components) of the essential oil composition for 206 individual samples (individual plants) were: falcarinol (to 95.3%), sabinene (to 69.1%), α-pinene (to 65.6%), limonene (to 43.4%), β-phellandrene (to 37.5%), germacrene B (to 33.3%), carotol (to 21.9%), germacrene D (to 19.9%) and β-sesquiphellandrene (to 19.7%). In the essential oil of all 68 individual samples of the root: falcarinol (29.4- 95.3%), α-pinene (0-15.4%), δ-amorphene (0-12.6%), sabinene (0-11.4%), 3-butylphthalide (0-11.3%) and β-sesquiphellandrene (0-10.5%) were predominant. Falcarinol was dominant compound in the essential oil of root..

Essential oil composition of different parts of endemic species Seseli gracile Waldst. & Kit. (Apiaceae) from natural and cultivated conditions

The chemical composition of the essential oils of Seseli gracile Waldst. & Kit. from natural habitat (Đerdap Gorge, Serbia) and from cultivated plants (Belgrade, Serbia) were characterized. The essential oils of the root, aerial parts, inflorescence and fruit were analyzed by GC/MS and GC/FID. Monoterpene hydrocarbons were the main compounds in the essential oil of aerial parts (45.2–93.0 %), inflorescences (84.1 and 90.0 %) and fruit (85.0 %). Polyacetylenes (38.8 and 87.6 %) were dominant in the essential oil of root. The cluster analysis revealed that there were significant differences in the chemical composition of the S. gracile oils at different phenological stages. On the other hand, essential oils from the aerial parts from natural and cultivated plants showed quite uniform qualitative composition. The aerial parts essential oil from natural habitat contained higher content of para-cymene (mean values 17.3 vs. 6.5 %) and lower amounts of terpinolene (mean values 23.1 vs. 49.9 %). Also polyacetylene falcarinol was present only in the aerial parts samples from natural habitat. The essential oil of inflorescences from natural habitat contained higher concentration of terpinolene, quite similar amount of para- -cymene and lower content of α-pinene. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. 173021 Grant no. 173030