Evolución del espacio natural de la cabecera de las Lagunas de Ruidera siglos XVIII y XIX) a partir de la cartografía (Albacete, España)

En este trabajo se aborda el análisis de las variaciones experimentadas tanto en los vasos lacustres, como en las vertientes y orillas del tramo superior del sistema fluvio-lacustre de Ruidera a lo largo de los siglos XVIII y XIX. Este paraje, conforma uno de los conjuntos de lagunas más bellos y espectaculares de Europa. Se emplaza entre las provincias de Albacete y Ciudad Real, en la Comunidad autónoma de Castilla-La Mancha, y forma parte de la Demarcación del río Guadiana. El seguimiento de esta evolución se ha apoyado en el examen diacrónico de diferentes conjuntos cartográficos elaborados a lo largo de ambas centurias, así como de múltiples fuentes documentales, numerosas obras bibliográficas y el reconocimiento de campoThe aim of this work is the analysis of the variations in the upper section of the fluviolacustrine system of Lagunas de Ruidera-Ruidera´s Lakes- (Spain) in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries: in their vessels, slopes and banks. Monitoring of these developments has been supported by the diachronic examination of different cartographic elaborate sets over two centuries, and multiple document sources, numerous literature works and field reconnaissance. This place, forms one of the most beautiful sets and spectacular lakes in Europe. It is located between the provinces of Albacete and Ciudad Real, in the autonomous community of Castilla-La Mancha, and is part of the Demarcation of the Guadiana rive

Circulating levels of butyrate are inversely related to portal hypertension, endotoxemia, and systemic inflammation in patients with cirrhosis

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are gut microbiota-derived products that participate in maintaining the gut barrier integrity and host's immune response. We hypothesize that reduced SCFA levels are associated with systemic inflammation, endotoxemia, and more severe hemodynamic alterations in cirrhosis. Patients with cirrhosis referred for a hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement (n = 62) or a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt placement (n = 12) were included. SCFAs were measured in portal (when available), hepatic, and peripheral blood samples by GC-MS. Serum endotoxins, proinflammatory cytokines, and NO levels were quantified. SCFA levels were significantly higher in portal vs. hepatic and peripheral blood. There were inverse relationships between SCFAs and the severity of disease. SCFAs (mainly butyric acid) inversely correlated with the model for end-stage liver disease score and were further reduced in patients with history of ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. There was an inverse relationship between butyric acid and HVPG values. SCFAs were directly related with systemic vascular resistance and inversely with cardiac index. Butyric acid inversely correlated with inflammatory markers and serum endotoxin. A global reduction in the blood levels of SCFA in patients with cirrhosis is associated with a more advanced liver disease, suggesting its contribution to disease progression.-Juanola, O., Ferrusquía-Acosta, J., García-Villalba, R., Zapater, P., Magaz, M., Marín, A., Olivas, P., Baiges, A., Bellot, P., Turon, F., Hernández-Gea, V., González-Navajas, J. M., Tomás-Barberán, F. A., García-Pagán, J. C., Francés, R. Circulating levels of butyrate are inversely related to portal hypertension, endotoxemia, and systemic inflammation in patients with cirrhosis