Analysis of Sociodemographic and Psychological Variables Involved in Sleep Quality in Nurses

Background: Sleep quality is related to health and quality of life and can lead to the development of related disorders. This study analyzed the sociodemographic and psychological factors related to sleep quality in nurses. Methods: The sample comprised 1094 nurses who were assessed according to the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Rosenberg Self-esteem Questionnaire, the Goal Content for Exercise Questionnaire, the Brief Emotional Intelligence Inventory, and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18. Results: The results confirm the impacts of diet, motivation for physical exercise, emotional intelligence, and overall self-esteem on sleep quality in nurses. Conclusions: Sleep quality in healthcare professionals is vitally important for performance at work; therefore, appropriate strategies should be applied to improve it

Creatividad y variables relacionadas según la etapa educativa: revisión sistemática

Creativity is a capacity present in any person that arises spontaneously in order to solve problems or create knowledge. The objective of this study is to identify the variables used in existing research related to creativity and to classify these variables according to the educational stage (infant, primary, secondary and university studies). The methodology has been directed by the PRISMA statement and has been carried out by searching the Dialnet Plus and Web of Science databases. Some of the resources used in the searches have been the use of Boolean operators, a series of filters and the presentation of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results obtained indicate how intelligence and academic performance are the most studied variables in relation to creativity regardless of the educational stage. It has been extracted how the investigations focused on children and primary school focus on aspects such as personality or control of emotions, while secondary studies analyze problem solving and the works aimed at university students are oriented towards styles of thought. In conclusion, it is necessary to highlight how creativity is present within the educational context and, therefore, it is necessary to know what variables are related to it in order to enhance said capacity through an appropriate intervention.La creatividad es una capacidad presente en cualquier persona que surge de manera espontánea para resolver problemas o crear conocimiento. El objetivo de este estudio es identificar las variables utilizadas en las investigaciones existentes relacionadas con la creatividad y clasificar estas variables según la etapa educativa (infantil, primaria, secundaria y estudios universitarios). La metodología se ha guiado por la declaración PRISMA y se ha llevado a cabo mediante la búsqueda en las bases de datos de Dialnet Plus y Web of Science. Algunos de los recursos utilizados en las búsquedas fueron la utilización de operadores booleanos, una serie de filtros y la exposición de unos criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Los resultados obtenidos indican que la inteligencia y el rendimiento académico son las variables más estudiadas en relación con la creatividad independientemente de la etapa educativa. Las investigaciones enfocadas en infantil y primaria se centran en aspectos como la personalidad o el control de las emociones, mientras que los estudios de secundaria analizan la resolución de problemas y los trabajos dirigidos a universitarios se centran en los estilos de pensamiento. En conclusión, es necesario resaltar cómo la creatividad está presente en el contexto educativo y, por ello, es preciso conocer qué variables están relacionadas con ella para potenciar esta capacidad mediante una intervención adecuada

青少年的创造力、社交技能和亲社会行为：性别差异

The development of variables such as creativity or social skills may favour the increase of prosocial behaviour in adolescent students. These types of skills may be altered depending on the sex of the young people. The main objective of this research is to examine whether there are significant differences in creativity, social skills and prosocial behaviours between adolescent boys and girls. A total of 743 students between 14 and 19 years of age from different schools participated in this study. The instruments used were the Turtle Creativity Questionnaire (CCT), the Social Skills Questionnaire (CHASO) and the Prosocial Behaviour Questionnaire (PCQ). The results obtained indicate that there are no differences related to creativity between the two groups of adolescents, but such differences are found in the variables of social skills and prosocial behaviour. Adolescent girls scored higher on the social skills dimensions of expressing positive feelings, coping with criticism and apologising, while boys scored higher on total social skills and their dimensions of interacting with people I am attracted to, keeping calm in the face of criticism, speaking in public/interacting with superiors and coping with situations of making a fool of oneself. As for prosocial behaviours, girls stand out in empathy and respect, while boys are more involved in social relationships. In short, this research shows gender differences in variables that help adolescents develop positively.El desarrollo de variables como la creatividad o las habilidades sociales puede favorecer el incremento de las conductas prosociales en el alumnado adolescente. Este tipo de competencias pueden verse alteradas según el sexo de los jóvenes. El objetivo principal de esta investigación es examinar si existen diferencias significativas en creatividad, habilidades sociales y conductas prosociales entre los chicos y chicas adolescentes. Un total de 743 estudiantes de entre 14 y 19 años pertenecientes a distintos centros educativos han participado en este estudio. Los instrumentos utilizados han sido el Cuestionario de Creatividad de Turtle (CCT), el Cuestionario de Habilidades Sociales (CHASO) y el Cuestionario de Conducta Prosocial (CCP). Los resultados obtenidos indican que no existen diferencias relacionadas con la creatividad entre ambos grupos de adolescentes, pero sí se encuentran dichas diferencias en las variables de habilidades sociales y conductas prosociales. Las chicas adolescentes puntúan más alto en las dimensiones referidas a las habilidades sociales de expresar sentimientos positivos, afrontar las críticas y pedir disculpas, mientras que los chicos tienen mayor nivel en habilidades sociales total y sus dimensiones de interactuar con las personas que me atraen, mantener la calma ante las críticas, hablar en público / interactuar con superiores y afrontar situaciones de hacer el ridículo. En cuanto a las conductas prosociales, las chicas destacan en empatía y respeto, mientras que los chicos se encuentran más implicados en las relaciones sociales. En definitiva, esta investigación muestra las diferencias según el sexo en variables que ayudan a los adolescentes a desarrollarse de manera positiva.Развитие таких переменных, как креативность или социальные навыки, может способствовать росту просоциального поведения у учащихся-подростков. Эти типы навыков могут изменяться в зависимости от пола молодых людей. Основная цель данного исследования - изучить, существуют ли значительные различия в креативности, социальных навыках и просоциальном поведении между мальчиками и девочками подросткового возраста. В исследовании приняли участие 743 учащихся в возрасте от 14 до 19 лет из разных школ. Использовались такие инструменты, как Turtle Creativity Questionnaire (CCT), опросник социальных навыков Social Skills Questionnaire (CHASO) и опросник просоциального поведения Prosocial Behaviour Questionnaire (PCQ). Полученные результаты показывают, что между двумя группами подростков нет различий, связанных с креативностью, но такие различия обнаружены в переменных социальных навыков и просоциального поведения. Девочки-подростки набрали больше баллов по таким параметрам социальных навыков, как выражение позитивных чувств, умение справляться с критикой и извиняться, в то время как мальчики набрали больше баллов по общему количеству социальных навыков и их параметрам: взаимодействие с людьми, которые меня привлекают, сохранение спокойствия перед лицом критики, выступление на публике/взаимодействие с начальством и преодоление ситуаций, когда приходится выставлять себя дураком. Что касается просоциального поведения, то девочки выделяются в сопереживании и уважении, в то время как мальчики больше вовлечены в социальные отношения. Короче говоря, это исследование показывает гендерные различия в переменных, которые помогают подросткам развиваться в позитивном ключе.创造力或社交技能等变量的提升有利于促进青少年学生的亲社会行为。这些类型的能力会根据年轻人的性别而改变。本研究的主要目的是检验青春期男孩和女孩在创造力、社交技能和亲社会行为方面是否存在显着差异。 共有来自不同学校的 743 名 14 至 19 岁的学生参与了这项研究。使用的工具是Turtle Creativity Questionnaire (CCT)、社交技能问卷 (CHASO) 和亲社会行为问卷 (PCQ)。 研究结果表明，两组青少年之间在创造力方面没有差异，但在社交技能和亲社会行为的变量中发现了这种差异。青春期女生在表达积极情绪、应对批评和道歉等社交技能维度得分较高，而男生在综合社交技能和与吸引的人交往、面对批评时保持冷静、在公开场合演讲/与上级互动和面临嘲笑的情况等维度得分较高。在亲社会行为方面，女孩在同情和尊重方面表现突出，而男孩则更多地参与社会关系。 简而言之，这项研究显示了有助于青少年以积极方式发展的变量的性别差异

Self-Efficacy and Emotional Intelligence as Predictors of Perceived Stress in Nursing Professionals

Background: Nursing professionals face a variety of stressful situations daily, where the patients’ own stresses and the demands of their family members are the most important sources of such stress. Methods: The main objectives pursued were to describe the relationships of self-efficacy and emotional intelligence with perceived stress in a sample of nursing professionals. We also developed predictive models for each of the components of perceived stress based on the dimensions of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy, for the total sample, as well as samples differentiated by sex. This study sample consisted of 1777 nurses and was conducted using multiple scales: the perceived stress questionnaire, general self-efficacy scale, and the brief emotional intelligence survey for senior citizens. Results: The variables stress management, mood, adaptability, intrapersonal skills, and self-efficacy explained 22.7% of the variance in the harassment–social component, while these same variables explained 28.9% of the variance in the irritability–tension–fatigue dimension. The variables mood, stress management, self-efficacy, intrapersonal, and interpersonal explained 38.6% of the variance in the energy–joy component, of which the last variable offers the most explanatory capacity. Finally, the variables stress management, mood, interpersonal, self-efficacy and intrapersonal skills explained 27.2% of the variance in the fear–anxiety dimension. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that one way to reduce stress in professionals would be to help them improve their emotional intelligence in programs (tailored to consider particularities of either sex) within the framework of nursing, enabling them to develop and acquire more effective stress coping strategies, which would alleviate distress and increase the wellbeing of health professionals

Emotional Effects of the Duration, Efficiency, and Subjective Quality of Sleep in Healthcare Personnel

Considering that both sleep quality and duration are linked to psychological variables, this study analyzed the relationships between sleep components and emotional intelligence and the effects that sleep duration has on stress management and mood in a sample of nurses. The sample was made up of 1073 professionals. Data were collected by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Brief Emotional Intelligence Inventory for Senior Citizens. The results showed that the components of sleep quality were negatively related to stress management and mood. Furthermore, nurses who had short sleep patterns also had low moods and high stress levels. This study emphasizes the importance of subjective sleep quality as a necessary resource for professionals to manage stressful situations and mood and improve their relations with their patients and with each other

New Burnout Evaluation Model Based on the Brief Burnout Questionnaire: Psychometric Properties for Nursing

Health care personnel are considered one of the worker sectors most exposed to heavier workloads and work stress. One of the consequences associated with the exposure to chronic stress is the development of burnout syndrome. Given that evaluating this syndrome requires addressing the context in which they are to be used, the purpose of this work was to analyze the psychometric properties and structure of the Burnout Brief Questionnaire (CBB), and to propose a more suitable version for its application to health professionals, and more specifically nurses. The final study sample was made up of 1236 working nursing professionals. An exploratory factorial analysis was carried out and a new model was proposed through a confirmatory factorial analysis. Thus, validation of the CBB questionnaire for nursing health care personnel showed an adequate discrimination of the items and a high internal consistency of the scale. With respect to the factorial analysis, four factors were extracted from the revised model. Specifically, these new factors, called job dissatisfaction, social climate, personal impact, and motivational abandonment, showed an adequate index of adjustment. Thus, the Brief Burnout Questionnaire Revised for nursing staff has favorable psychometric properties, and this model can be applied to all health care professionals

Sensation seeking and impulsivity as predictors of aggression in adolescents

La adolescencia es una etapa, en la que la impulsividad y la búsqueda de sensaciones se presentan como dos factores que confluyen con un amplio abanico de cambios, inherentes al desarrollo adolescente. La impulsividad y la búsqueda de sensaciones han sido frecuentemente vinculadas a comportamientos de riesgo en adolescentes, y especialmente afines a la agresividad. Con el presente trabajo se pretende analizar el valor predictivo de variables relacionadas con la búsqueda de sensaciones y la impulsividad, en relación a la adopción de diferentes formas de agresión (agresión física, agresión verbal, ira y hostilidad), en adolescentes. Para ello, se seleccionó una muestra de 822 alumnos de secundaria, y se aplicaron la Escala de Búsqueda de Sensaciones, la Escala de Impulsividad Estado (EIE) y el Cuestionario de Agresión (AQ). Los resultados obtenidos, evidencian la existencia de correlaciones positivas entre los factores de búsqueda de sensaciones e impulsividad, con respecto a las modalidades de agresión analizadas. Por otro lado, los análisis de regresión múltiple evidencian el valor predictivo de los factores de búsqueda de sensaciones e impulsividad, para las diferentes manifestaciones de la conducta agresiva. Más concretamente, destaca la presencia de los componentes de la impulsividad en los modelos explicativos de la agresión física y verbal, y el factor Atencional como el mejor predictor de la ira y la hostilidad

Analysis of the Risk and Protective Roles of Work-Related and Individual Variables in Burnout Syndrome in Nurses

Aims: Burnout syndrome is a phenomenon that is becoming ever more widespread, especially in workers such as nurses who have heavy workloads and time pressures. The progression of burnout syndrome has been shown to be related to both individual and work-related variables. The objective of this study is to examine the risk and protective roles played by work-related and personal variables, both sociodemographic and psychological, in the development of burnout in nurses. Method: The sample was composed of 1236 nurses aged between 21 and 57 years, with a mean age of 31.50 years (SD = 6.18). Women accounted for 84.5% (n = 1044), and the remaining 15.5% (n = 192) were men. Exploratory tests were performed to understand the relationships between burnout and other variables, and a binary logistic regression was conducted to understand the roles of these variables in the incidence of this syndrome. Lastly, a regression tree was constructed. Results: The results show that the sociodemographic variables examined are not related to the level of burnout in nurses. However, certain work-related variables, such as spending more time with colleagues and patients and reporting good-quality relationships, exhibit a negative relationship with the occurrence of burnout. Of the psychological variables, the stress factors conflict-social acceptance and irritability-tension-fatigue, as well as informative communication, are shown to be risk factors for the appearance of burnout in nurses. In contrast, the communication skills factor, empathy, and energy-joy exert a protective function. Conclusion: Identifying the variables that influence the occurrence of burnout syndrome and understanding the manner in which they exert their influence are key elements in the development of effective prevention and intervention of burnout in nursing

La influencia del apoyo social percibido en el compromiso académico entre adolescentes: el papel mediador de la autoeficacia

Academic engagement is influenced by environmental and personal factors, such as perceived social support and self-efficacy. Both factors have become one of the most important elements in the academic context, due to their relationships with the school adjustment of adolescents. The objective of this study was to analyze the influence of the perceived social support of friends and family on academic engagement, as well as to check whether self-efficacy plays a mediating role in the relationship between both variables. A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed. The sample consisted of 802 secondary school students, with an average age of 13.65 years (SD = 1.24) (where 50.6% were women and 49.4% men). The results showed the existence of positive relationships between perceived social support and the dimensions of academic engagement. The mediation models showed the direct effect of perceived social support on academic engagement and the indirect effect of perceived social support on academic engagement when self-efficacy mediates in this relationship. In conclusion, it is recommended to promote self-efficacy and a positive academic path, due to the involvement of the perceived social support of friends and family in the school path and engagement to studies.El compromiso académico se ve influenciado por factores ambientales y personales, como el apoyo social percibido y la autoeficacia. Ambos factores se han convertido en unos de los elementos más importantes en el contexto académico, debido a sus relaciones con el ajuste escolar de los adolescentes. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la influencia del apoyo social percibido de los amigos y de la familia sobre el compromiso académico, así como comprobar si la autoeficacia juega un papel mediador en la relación entre ambas variables. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal. La muestra constaba de 802 estudiantes de secundaria, con una edad media de 13.65 años (SD = 1.24) (donde el 50.6% eran mujeres y el 49.4% hombres). Los resultados mostraron la existencia de relaciones positivas entre apoyo social percibido y las dimensiones del compromiso académico. Los modelos de mediación mostraron el efecto directo del apoyo social percibido en el compromiso académico y el efecto indirecto del apoyo social percibido en el compromiso académico cuando la autoeficacia media en esta relación. En conclusión, se recomienda promover la autoeficacia y una trayectoria académica positiva, debido a la implicación del apoyo social percibido de amigos y familiares en la trayectoria escolar y compromiso hacia los estudios

Variables relacionadas con el compromiso académico y las habilidades socioemocionales en adolescentes: una revisión sistemática

Some research aimed at the educational context showed that the promotion of academic engagement and developing socioemotional skills benefit the development of students, especially adolescents. However, there were difficulties in finding studies that addressing both constructs simultaneously, as the scientific evidence regarding the subject is scarce. Due to this inconsistency, the objective of the present review was to identify the variables associated with academic engagement and socioemotional skills that are studied in the stage of adolescence. This study followed a systematic review methodology based on the recommendations established by the PRISMA 2020 Declaration. To do this, two different searches were made in the scientific databases of Scopus, Web of Science and PsyCINFO: the first focused on academic engagement and the second on socioemotional skills, both focused on adolescent population, including a total of 47 documents in the study. The results showed the existence of numerous variables, establishing those that are analyzed in both constructs through a qualitative analysis with Atlas.ti 22: academic performance, emotional intelligence, school bullying and resilience, finding that academic commitment is the most prevalent construct in research. In conclusion, it is advisable to include programs, strategies or projects in educational centers in order to increase the levels of academic engagement of students and develop socioemotional skills in the most favorable way possible.Algunas investigaciones dirigidas al contexto educativo mostraron que el fomento del compromiso académico y el desarrollo de habilidades socioemocionales benefician a los estudiantes, especialmente a los adolescentes. Sin embargo, hubo dificultades para encontrar estudios que aborden ambas construcciones simultáneamente, ya que la evidencia científica con respecto al tema es escasa. Debido a esta inconsistencia, el objetivo de la presente revisión fue identificar las variables asociadas con el compromiso académico y las habilidades socioemocionales que se estudian en la etapa de la adolescencia. Este estudio siguió una metodología de revisión sistemática basada en las recomendaciones establecidas por la Declaración PRISMA 2020. Para ello, se realizaron dos búsquedas diferentes en las bases de datos científicas de Scopus, Web of Science y PsyCINFO: la primera se centró en el compromiso académico y la segunda en las habilidades socioemocionales, ambas enfocadas en la población adolescente, incluyendo un total de 47 documentos en el estudio. Los resultados mostraron la existencia de numerosas variables, estableciendo las que se analizan en ambos constructos mediante un análisis cualitativo con Atlas.ti 22: rendimiento académico, inteligencia emocional, acoso escolar y resiliencia, encontrando que el compromiso académico es el constructo con mayor prevalencia en la investigación. Concluyendo, es recomendable incluir programas, estrategias o proyectos en los centros educativos con el fin de aumentar los niveles de compromiso académico de los estudiantes y desarrollar habilidades socioemocionales de la manera más favorable posible