18 research outputs found

    Vocabulario de la sociedad civil, la ruralidad y los movimientos sociales en América Latina

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    El Vocabulario de la Sociedad Civil, la Ruralidad y los Movimientos Sociales en América Latina tiene como objetivo desarrollar vocablos relacionados con temas de gran trascendencia para la vida colectiva de la población Latinoamericana; pretende introducir a estudiantes, personas del ámbito académico y activistas en la comprensión de estas categorías de análisis. A través de la mirada de 70 especialistas que participaron en este vocabulario, es posible comprender muchos de los términos que se utilizan dentro de la investigación social y áreas relacionadas con las ciencias políticas, ambientales y rurales, a partir de una mayor explicación y detalle. Es por ello que se inserta este trabajo desde una mirada colectiva y amplia de los conceptos que se exponen. En este libro podrá encontrar las ideas de varios autores y autoras de distintas universidades, con una visión multi, inter y transdisciplinaria. El esfuerzo que se realizó para conjuntar varios términos y analizar su compleja red de interpretaciones, permitirá que este manuscrito pueda ser consultado por estudiantes, personas del ámbito científico-académico, y ciudadanía; porque contiene el estado del arte, la historia del paulatino avance de múltiples conceptos y su vigencia en el contexto actual

    Pieloplastía retroperitoneoscópica. Experiencia en el Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad del Bajío, León, Guanajuato, México

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    ResumenIntroducciónLa pieloplastía laparoscópica es un procedimiento que cada día se hace más popular;alcanza éxitos que van de 89 % a 100 % y tiene menor morbilidad cuando se compara con la cirugía abierta.ObjetivoPresentar nuestra experiencia en este procedimiento con abordaje retroperitoneal. La técnica realizada fue la descrita por Rasswiler J.ResultadosSe realizaron 14 pieloplastías con abordaje retroperitoneal. Diez pacientes se sometieron a técnica de pieloplastía desmembrada, y los 4 restantes a técnica de Fenger. No se presentó algún incidente transoperatorio que haya motivado conversión a cirugía abierta. No se presentaron complicaciones transoperatorias y se tuvo un rango de sangrado de 50 a 250mL. Se tuvo un tiempo quirúrgico promedio de 182 minutos. Con un seguimiento de 31 meses, se presentó falla al tratamiento en 2 casosConclusionesEl abordaje laparoscópico se ha convertido en la técnica quirúrgica de elección para la corrección de la estenosis de la unión ureteropiélica, debido a que ofrece un éxito similar a la cirugía abierta pero con las ventajas de una menor morbilidad, tiempo de recuperación más corto y resultados estéticos favorables.AbstractBackgroundLaparoscopic pyeloplasty is an increasingly popular procedure, achieving success rates of 89 % to 100 %. It has a lower morbidity rate when compared with open surgery.AimsThe aim of this article was to present our experience with this procedure using a retroperitoneal approach. The technique was that described by J. Rasswiler.ResultsFourteen pyeloplasties with retroperitoneal approach were performed. Ten patients underwent the dismembered pyeloplasty technique and the Fenger technique was used in the remaining 4 patients. No intraoperative incident meriting conversion to open surgery occurred. There were no intraoperative complications and the range of blood loss was from 50 to 250mL. Mean surgery duration was 182 minutes. Treatment failure in 2 cases presented at the thirtyfirst month follow-up.ConclusionsThe laparoscopic approach has become the surgical technique of choice for correcting ureteropelvic junction stricture because it offers a similar success rate to that of open surgery, but with the advantages of less morbidity, a shorter recovery period, and favorable esthetic results

    Low Serum Tryptophan Levels as an Indicator of Global Cognitive Performance in Nondemented Women over 50 Years of Age

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    Aging is a physiological decline process. The number of older adults is growing around the world; therefore, the incidence of cognitive impairment, dementia, and other diseases related to aging increases. The main cellular factors that converge in the aging process are mitochondrial dysfunction, antioxidant impairment, inflammation, and immune response decline, among others. In this context, these cellular changes have an influence on the kynurenine pathway (KP), the main route of tryptophan (Trp) catabolism. KP metabolites have been involved in the aging process and neurodegenerative diseases. Although there are changes in the metabolite levels with age, at this time, there is no study that has evaluated cognitive decline as a consequence of Trp catabolism fluctuation in aging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relation between the changes in Trp catabolism and cognitive impairment associated with age through KP metabolites level alterations in women over 50 years of age. Seventy-seven nondemented women over 50 years old were examined with a standardized cognitive screening evaluation in Spanish language (Neuropsi), Beck anxiety inventory (BAI), and the geriatric depression scale (GDS). Also, serum levels of Trp, kynurenine (Kyn), kynurenic acid (KYNA), and 3-hydroykynurenine (3-HK) and the glutathione ratio (GSH/GSSG) were measured. Results showed a negative correlation between age and Trp levels and a positive correlation between age and KYNA/Trp and 3-HK/Trp ratios. The level of cognitive impairment showed a significant positive association with age and with kynurenine pathway activation and a significant negative correlation with Trp levels. The GSH/GSSG ratio correlated positively with Trp levels and negatively with Kyn/Trp and 3-HK/Trp ratios. The depression score correlated negatively with Trp and positively with the 3-HK/Trp ratio. We concluded that KP activation increases with age and it is strongly associated with the level of cognition performance in nondemented women over 50 years of age

    Temporal patterns of active fire density and its relationship with a satellite fuel greenness index by vegetation type and region in Mexico during 2003–2014

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