Analysis of Factors Related to Stunting Among Children Aged 6-24 Months in Central Jakarta

Stunting is a condition in which children aged 0-5 years have height-for-age with a z-score of below -2SD based on growth standards according to WHO, which occurs at the age of 0-5 years. Stunting condition may result in the inhibition of cognitive and motor development so as to create a generation that is less competitive and have disrupted metabolic system and they are at risk of various diseases. The causes of stunting are multi-dimensional factors such as birth length and genetics, maternal height, economic status, level of education and child care patterns. This study aims to analyze factors related to the incidence of stunting among children aged 6-24 months in Central Jakarta with a cross sectional study using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and multiple logistic regression tests. The results showed that there was no relationship between education, age, family income, gestational age, BMI, newborn length and exclusive breastfeeding with stunting (P>0.05). In contrast, there was a relationship between maternal height and stunting (p <0.05). Furthermore, the results of regression test showed that the most dominant influential factor on the incidence of stunting was maternal height.Stunting merupakan kondisi dimana balita menurut usianya (0 – 5 tahun) memiliki panjang atau tinggi badan dengan hasil nilai z-score dibawah -2SD berdasarkan standar pertumbuhan menurut WHO. Kondisi stunting mengakibatkan terhambatnya perkembangan kognitif dan motorik sehingga menciptakan generasi yang kurang berdaya saing serta mengganggu sistem metabolik yang beresiko terjadinya berbagai penyakit. Stunting disebabkan oleh faktor multi dimensi, diantaranya yaitu panjang badan lahir yang dipengaruhi nutrisi saat hamil dan genetik, tinggi badan orang tua yang dapat diturunkan kepada anakkya, status ekonomi yang berhubungan dengan kemampuan pemenuhan gizi, pendidikan yang mempengaruhi pengetahuan terkait gizi dan pola asuh anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 6-24 bulan di Jakarta Pusat dengan metode cross sectional menggunakan kuesioner. Analisis menggunakan Chi-square untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor penyebab stunting dan menggunakan uji regresi logistik ganda untuk mengetahui faktor yang paling berpengaruh terjadap kejadian stunting. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan antara pendidikan, usia pendapatan keluarga, jarak kehamilan, IMT, panjang badan lahir dan pemberian ASI eksklusif dengan kejadian stunting (P >0,05) serta ada hubungan antara tinggi badan ibu dengan kejadian stunting (p<0.05). Sedangkan, hasil uji regresi menunjukkan faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kejadian stunting adalah tinggi badan ibu

Nutrition counseling about general messages of balanced nutrition improve energy intake and haemoglobin level among HIV children

ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: HIV adalah masalah kesehatan yang signifi kan di Indonesia. satu kota di DKI Jakarta yang memiliki perkiraan jumlah kasus HIV tertinggi yang ditularkan melalui pria ke wanita. Beberapa penelitian menyatakan bahwa anak-anak dengan HIV memiliki asupan energi dan protein yang kurang, dan anemia. Oleh karena itu, pentingnya meningkatkan pengetahuan gizi seimbang pada orangtua yang memiliki anak HIV sehingga adanya peningkatan perilaku yang baik terhadap asupan makanan pada anaknya.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemberian pedoman nutrisi seimbang pada asupan gizi (energi dan protein) dan kadar hemoglobin pada anak-anak HIV Metode: Desain penelitian adalah studi pra-eksperimental desain One Group Pre-Post Test. Penelitian ini adalah desain pre-post test kelompok kontrol non acak. Penelitian dilakukan di RSUPN dr Cipto Mangunkusumo dari Agustus hingga Oktober 2019. Sampel diambil secara purposive dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan paired t-test.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan yang signifi kan antara asupan energi rata-rata sebelum konseling dan setelah konseling (p = 0,013) tetapi tidak ada perbedaan yang signifi kan antara asupan protein rata-rata sebelum dan sesudah konseling (p = 0,934). Ada perbedaan yang signifi kan antara level Hb sebelum dan setelah konseling (p = 0,000).Kesimpulan: Ada pengaruh konseling gizi terhadap asupan energi tetapi tidak ada pengaruh terhadap kadar HbKATA KUNCI: energi; protein; Hb; HIV; anakABSTRACTBackground: HIV is a signifi cant health problem in Indonesia. There were an estimated 242.699 persons living with HIV. Central Jakarta is one of the cities in DKI Jakarta that has the highest estimated number of HIV cases transmitted through men to women. Thus means that there is a possibility that the number of HIV children in Central Jakarta wil also increase. Some studies suggest that children with HIV have less energy and protein intake, and anemia. Because of this, the importance of increasing the knowledge of balanced nutrition in parents who have HIV children so that there is an increase in good behavior towards food intake in children. Objectives: The study aimed to analyze the effect of providing balanced nutrition guidelines on nutritional intake (energy and protein) and hemoglobin levels in HIV children. Methods: The research design was a pre-expreimental study of the One Group Pre-Post Test design. study was experimental non randomized control group pre-post test design. The study was carried out at RSUPN dr Cipto Mangunkusumo from August to October 2019. The sample were taken purposively with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were analyzed by using paired t-test.Results:The results showed that there was a signifi cant difference between the mean energy intake before counseling and after counseling (p = 0.013) but there was no signifi cant difference between the average protein intake before and after counseling (p = 0.934). There was a signifi cant difference between the level Hb before and atter counseling (p = 0.000).Conclusions: The provision of counseling on nutrition guidelines provide a signifi cant difference between the average energy intake and the levels of Hb.KEYWORDS: energy; protein; Hb; HIV; childre

The effect of genistein on TGF-β signal, dysregulation of apoptosis, cyclooxygenase-2 pathway, and NF-kB pathway in mice peritoneum of endometriosis model

This research aimed to investigate the effect of genistein on TGF-β, dysregulation of apoptosis, NF-κB pathway, COX-2 pathway in mice of endometriosis model. Twenty-eight female mice (Mus musculus) were divided into seven groups (n = 4), involving control (normal non-treated) group; endometriosis group; the endometriosis group treated with various genistein dosages (0.78; 1.04; 1.3 mg/day for 15 days), and endometriosis group treated with standard drug, namely leuprolide acetate (0.00975 mg each day for 15 days) or dienogest (0.0052 mg/day for 15 days). Mice of endometriosis model were made by implanting myometrial and endometrial tissues under the condition of immunodeficiency. The TGF-β, Bcl-2, Bax, NF-κB, COX-2, and PGE-2 were analyzed immunohistochemically. The increase of Bcl-2 expression in endometriosis was decreased significantly by genistein dosage of 0.78 and 1.3 mg/day (p < 0.05). The decrease of Bax expression in endometriosis was increased significantly by genistein dosage of 1.04 and 1.3 mg/day (p < 0.05). The implantation increased the expression of NF-κB, COX-2, and PGE significantly compared with the control group (p < 0.05). This increase was reduced significantly by the administration of genistein at dosage of 0.78 and 1.3 mg/day (p < 0.05). It can be concluded that genistein potentially inhibits endometriosis development through the normalization of apoptosis dysregulation, the inhibition of NF-κB and COX-2 pathways in the peritoneal tissues. Therefore, genistein can be used as a holistic treatment strategy for endometriosis

Deteksi Dini Kanker Serviks Dan Payudara Dengan Pemeriksaan IVA Serta Sadanis di Perumahan Kartika Sejahtera Kelurahan Sasak Panjang Kecamatan Tajur Halang Kabupaten Bogor Jawa Barat

ABSTRAK Kanker merupakan masalah kesehatan yang penting bagi wanita di seluruh dunia Penyakit kanker pada perempuan terbanyak pertama payudara diikuti serviks. Kejadian kanker payudara sebanyak 42,1 per 100.000 penduduk sedangkan kanker leher rahim 23,4 kejadian per 100.000 penduduk, dimana 75%nya pernah berhubungan seksual. Kanker ini telah menyerang lebih dari 1,4 juta wanita di seluruh dunia. Di wilayah Bogor penderita kanker meningkat dari 316 pada tahun 2018 menjadi 353 pada tahun 2019. Sejauh ini tercatat bahwa  diantaranya 196 penderita kanker payudara dan 43 penderita kanker serviks. WHO menyatakan  43% penyakit kanker serviks dan payudara dapat dicegah dengan menempuh gaya hidup sehat dan 1/3 dari keseluruhan kasus tersebut dapat disembuhkan jika gejalanya diketahui lebih dini dengan melakukan pemeriksaan IVA (Inspeksi Visual Asam Acetat) /pap smear dan SADANIS (pemeriksaan payudara klinis). Tujuan setelah penyuluhan timbul kesadaran untuk memeriksakan diri dan terdeteksi secara dini kanker serviks dan payudara. Adapun kegiatan yang dilakukan berupa penyuluhan dan pemeriksaan IVA serta SADANIS. Ibu-ibu yang mendapatkan penyuluhan akhirnya mau memeriksakan diri saat itu pada tempat yang sudah disediakan sehingga pasca kegiatan dapat terdeteksi secara dini kanker serviks dan payudara di Perumahan Kartika Sejahtera Kelurahan Sasak Panjang Kecamatan Tajur Halang Kabupaten Bogor Jawa Barat. Kata Kunci: Kanker Serviks, Kanker Payudara, IVA, SADANIS  ABSTRACT Cancer is an important health problem for women worldwide. Cancer is the most common in women, followed by the breast, followed by the cervix. The incidence of breast cancer is 42.1 per 100,000 population, while cervical cancer is 23.4 events per 100,000 population, of which 75% have had sexual intercourse. This cancer has attacked more than 1.4 million women worldwide. In the Bogor area, cancer patients increased from 316 in 2018 to 353 in 2019. So far, it has been recorded that among them are 196 breast cancer patients and 43 cervical cancer sufferers. WHO states that 43% of cervical and breast cancers can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle and 1/3 of all cases can be cured if the symptoms are detected early by conducting an IVA (Visual Inspection of Acetic Acid)/pap smear and SADANIS (clinical breast examination). The goal after the counseling is to raise awareness for self-examination and early detection of cervical and breast cancer. The activities were carried out in the form of counseling and examination of IVA and SADANIS. The mothers who received the counseling finally wanted to check themselves at the place provided so that after the activity, cervical and breast cancer could be detected early in Perumahan Kartika Sejahtera, Sasak Panjang Village, Tajur Halang District, Bogor Regency, West Java. Keywords: Cervical Cancer, Breast Cancer, IVA, SADANI

Peningkatan Peran Orangtua Terhadap Pemberian Imunisasi Sesuai Jadwal di Masa Pandemic Covid-19

ABSTRAK Masa pandemi berdampak dalam pencapaian cakupan imunisasi dasar dan lanjutan di Indonesia. 80% di 401 kabupaten/kota belum tercapai sepenuhnya, hanya 200 yang mencapai imunisasi dasar lengkap lebih dari 80%. Salah satu penyebabnya karena kekhawatiran orangtua membawa anak ke layanan kesehatan untuk melakukan imunisasi.  Tujuan kegiatan ini untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan orangtua terhadap pentingnya pemberian imunisasi pada bayi/balita sesuai jadwal. Kegiatan yang dilakukan berupa penyuluhan kepada orang tua yang memiliki bayi/balita secara virtual menggunakan media slide (power point), video, dan leaflet. Setelah dilakukan penyuluhan, terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan orang tua tentang imunisasi. Promosi Kesehatan merupakan salah satu bentuk intervensi yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan wawasan serta didukung kebijakan publik. Orangtua/keluarga  memiliki peran penting terhadap pencapaian cakupan imunisasi bagi bayi/balita untuk meningkatkan kekebalan tubuh anak dari setelah dilakukan penyuluhan tentang imunisasi penyakit menular yang dapat dicegah dengan imunisasi (PD3I). Kata Kunci: Imunisasi, Jadwal, Peran Orang Tua  ABSTRACT The Pandemic Period has had an impact on achieving basic and advanced immunization coverage in Indonesia. About 80 percent of infants in 401 capital cities to the district were incompletely immunized, only 200 have favorably received complete basic immunization of more than 80 percent. One of the reasons is the parents were afraid to bring the toddler or infants to health facilities for vaccinations. This immunization activity typically aimed to increase a parent’s knowledge in maintaining the punctuality of complete basic immunization of infants and toddlers. The immunization activities can be carried out by providing counseling to parents virtually using PowerPoint slides, videos, and distributing leaflets. After getting counseled, it is expected that there was an increase in parental knowledge about giving complete immunization. Health Promotion derives one form of intervention that can be used to increase knowledge and be supported by public policy. Parents should be aware of the importance of immunization coverage that provides immunity to infants or toddlers to suppress the infectious diseases that can be prevented by immunization.Keywords: immunization, schedule, the role of parent

Percepatan Program Vaksinasi Covid-19 Demi Terwujudnya Herd Immunity di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Matraman, Jakarta Timur

ABSTRAK Vaksinasi merupakan salah satu langkah yang dapat dilakukan untuk memutus mata rantai penyebaran Covid-19. Dengan meningkatnya kekebalan tubuh manusia terhadap virus ini, diharapkan akan terjadi penurunan jumlah kasus dan bila pun terinfeksi, maka gejala yang ditimbulkan akan lebih ringan dibandingkan bila tidak divaksin. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah untuk mempercepat pemerataan program vaksinasi Covid-19 di wilayah Matraman, Jakarta Timur. Kegiatan ini diawali dengan persiapan hal teknis termasuk SDM kesehatan dan tenaga penunjang, vaksin dan alat medis serta penyebaran informasi ke masyarakat secara masif. Sebanyak 2362 warga mendapatkan vaksinasi dosis pertama dan kedua dalam kegiatan ini. Dengan semakin banyaknya masyarakat yang mendapatkan vaksinasi, diharapkan herd immunity dapat segera terbentuk dan mengurangi transmisi penyebaran Covid-19. Kata Kunci: Vaksinasi, Covid-19, Herd Immunity ABSTRACT Vaccination is one of the steps to break the chain of Covid-19’s spread in society. The increased human body's immunity to this virus could reduce the number of cases. Even though we’re infected, the symptoms will be milder than those who have not been vaccinated yet. The purpose of this activity was to accelerate the distribution of the Covid-19 vaccination program in the Matraman area, East Jakarta. It began with the technical preparation including health human resources and supporting personnel, vaccines, and medical devices. We also did massive persuasive information to the community. A total of 2362 residents received the first and second doses of vaccination in this activity. As more and more people are getting vaccinated, we can achieve herd immunity faster and the transmission of Covid-19 can be reduced. Keywords: Vaccination, Covid-19, Herd Immunit