A repercussão da morte de Victor Hugo no Brasil: o olhar agudo de Machado de Assis

The death of Victor Hugo caused a big repercussion in the world. In Brazil, there was a deep sorrow when the great poet died. Machado de Assis broaches the fact with irritation and mockery. The aim of this article is to study the behaviour of Machado, through the reading of newspapers of the period. Keywords: The death of Victor Hugo. Repercussion in Brazil. Impression of Machado de Assis.A morte de Victor Hugo causou uma grande repercussão no mundo. No Brasil, houve grande tristeza pelo falecimento do grande poeta. Machado de Assis, entretanto, trata o fato com irritação e zombaria. Este artigo tem como objetivo explicar o comportamento machadiano a partir da leitura dos jornais da época. Palavras-chave: Morte de Victor Hugo. Repercussão no Brasil. Olhar de Machado de Assis

Adverse reactions to oncologic drugs: spontaneous reporting and signal detection

Oncology is one of the areas of medicine with the most active research being conducted on new drugs. New pharmacological entities frequently enter the clinical arena, and therefore, the safety profile of anticancer products deserves continuous monitoring. However, only very severe and (unusual) suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are usually reported, since cancer patients develop ADRs very frequently and some practical selectivity must be used. Notably, a recent study was able to identify 76 serious ADRs reported in updated drug labels of oncologic drugs and 50% of them (n = 38) were potentially fatal. Of these, 49 and 58%, respectively, were not described in initial drug labels. The aims of this article are to provide an overview about spontaneous reporting of ADRs of oncologic drugs and to discuss the available methods to analyze the safety of anticancer drugs using databases of spontaneous ADR reporting

Acute portal vein thrombosis precipitated by indomethacin in a HCV-positive elderly patient

BACKGROUND: An increased risk of venous thromboembolism has been reported in patients treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). We describe a case of acute portal vein thrombosis (PVT) in a hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive elderly patient following administration of indomethacin. CASE PRESENTATION: A 79-year-old HCV-positive man was hospitalized for severe abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, 15 days after starting indomethacin for back pain. Clinical signs and imaging evaluations disclosed a picture of PVT. Indomethacin was discontinued, and the patient was started on fondaparinux and antithrombin. He was discharged 15 days later due to improvement of his clinical conditions. Thirty days later, a follow-up ultrasound did not show appreciable signs of PVT. The time elapsing between the start of analgesic therapy and PVT onset suggests a role of indomethacin as the triggering agent. Indomethacin could have precipitated PVT by a combination of at least two detrimental mechanisms: 1) direct action on liver vascular endothelium by inhibition of prostacyclin biosynthesis; 2) damage to the intestinal mucosa, followed by inflammatory and pro-coagulant activation of portal endothelium upon exposure to bacterial endotoxins. CONCLUSIONS: This case can be of interest to physicians, who should exert caution when prescribing NSAIDs for inflammatory pain in patients with background inflammatory dysfunctions of the portal vein endothelium

Neonatal Adaptation Issues After Maternal Exposure to Prescription Drugs: Withdrawal Syndromes and Residual Pharmacological Effects

Exposure to drugs during pregnancy has the potential to harm offspring. Teratogenic effects are the most feared adverse outcomes in newborns; however, a wide spectrum of less known, usually reversible and often acute, neonatal adverse events can also occur due to drug intake by mothers during pregnancy, particularly in close proximity to delivery. This narrative review is aimed at the description of drugs and drug classes for which licit maternal use in the predelivery period has been associated with neonatal non-teratogenic disorders. For each drug class, epidemiology, clinical features, biological mechanism and management of these adverse reactions have been discussed in detail. Although these adverse reactions have been described mainly for substances used illicitly for recreational purposes, several prescription drugs have also been involved; these include mainly psychotropic medications such as opioids, antidepressants, antiepileptics and antipsychotics. These effects can be partly explained by withdrawal syndromes (defined also as 'neonatal abstinence syndrome') caused by the delivery-related discontinuation of the drug disposition from the mother to the fetus, with symptoms that may include feeding disorders, tremors, irritability, hypotonia/hypertonia, vomiting and persistent crying, occurring a few hours to 1 month after delivery. Otherwise, neonatal neurological and behavioral effects can also be caused by a residual pharmacological effect due to an accumulation of the drug in the blood and tissues of the newborn, with various symptoms related to the toxic effects of the specific drug class, usually developing a few hours after birth. With few exceptions, validated protocols for the assessment and management of withdrawal or residual pharmacological effects of these drugs in neonates are often lacking or incomplete. Spontaneous reporting of these adverse reactions seems limited, although it might represent a useful tool for improving our knowledge about drug-induced neonatal syndromes

Phase Ib dose-finding trial of lapatinib plus pegylated liposomal doxorubicin in advanced HER2-positive breast cancer

Combination of anthracyclines with trastuzumab is hampered by cardiotoxicity. Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin and lapatinib could represent a safer alternative to combination therapy.In this phase Ib study with 3 + 3 dose escalation design, patients with HER2-positive advanced breast cancer received pegylated liposomal doxorubicin 30 mg/m(2) intravenously on day 1 plus lapatinib 1250 (level 1) or 1500 (level 2) mg/day orally on days 1-21 of each 21-day cycle. The aims were to establish the maximum tolerated dose at first cycle, and the activity and safety of multiple cycles.Nine patients out of 11 enrolled were evaluable: 3 at level 1 and 6 at level 2. No dose-limiting toxicities occurred at dose level 1, while 1 (grade 3 diarrhea) occurred at dose level 2, leading to the expansion of this cohort to 6 patients, with no further dose-limiting toxicities. Main grade 1-2 toxicities at first cycle were leucopenia, diarrhea, elevated transaminases, mucositis. Three patients had grade 3 toxicities at subsequent cycles, including colitis, anorexia, stomatitis plus hand-foot syndrome. One partial response, 5 disease stabilizations, and 3 disease progressions were reported.Combination of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin and lapatinib is feasible and potentially active in pretreated HER2-positive advanced breast cancer patients.NCT02131506 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier)

O proscrito satisfeito: as obras do exílio de Victor Hugo / The satisfied proscribed: Victor Hugo’s exile works

Although Victor Hugo supported the candidacy of Louis Napoléon in the elections for president of the French Republic and helped to elect him in 1848, Hugo turned against Bonaparte after the coup d’état in December of 1851. The opposition to the government resulted in an exile wich only finished 19 years later, with the decay of Napoleón III. Victor Hugo produced nonstop for all these years: Napoléon le Petit, Les Châtiments, Les Contemplations, Les Travailleurs de la Mer, Les Chansons des Rues et des Bois, La Légende des siècles, Les Misérables, William Shakespeare, Les Travailleurs de la Mer e L’Homme qui rit are examples of an arduous and inspired work, but that doesn’t hide the sadness of the exile. This article aims to analyze the texts that Victor Hugo wrote during or after his banishment in order to comprehend in wich way it influenced his work.Apesar de ter apoiado a candidatura de Luís Napoleão nas eleições para presidente da República Francesa e ter ajudado a elegê-lo em 1848, Hugo voltou-se contra o chefe da Nação após o golpe de Estado em dezembro de 1851. A oposição ao governo resultou num exílio que só terminou 19 anos depois, com a queda de Napoleão III. Victor Hugo produziu incansavelmente nesses anos todos: Napoléon le Petit, Les Châtiments, Les Contemplations, Les Travailleurs de la Mer, Les Chansons des Rues et des Bois, La Légende des siècles, Les Misérables, William Shakespeare, Les Travailleurs de la Mer e L’Homme qui rit são exemplos de um trabalho árduo e inspirado, que não esconde a tristeza do exílio. Este artigo pretende analisar os textos de Victor Hugo escritos durante ou após o degredo a fim de compreender de que maneira ele repercutiu em sua obra

Traducir el cine, traducir el dialecto: estudio lingüístico de la película "romanzo criminale"

El presente artículo se basa en el análisis de cuatro escenas de la película italiana Romanzo criminale, dirigida por Michele Placido en 2005. El objeto principal de nuestro estudio es la traducción de la variación lingüística en el doblaje español, centrándonos sobre todo en el tratamiento del dialecto, aunque se describan y analicen todas las variedades encontradas en el texto.This article is based on the analysis of four scenes of the Italian movie Romanzo criminale, directed by Michele Placido in 2005. The aim of our article is the study of the translation of language variation in Spanish dubbing, particularly the translation of dialect, although also the other types of variation get analyzed and described

Victor Hugo: sobretudo, poeta

Victor Hugo was one of the most important writers of the French litterature. He publishied novels and plays, but he dedicated himself especially to the poetry. This article aims to describe the poetic journey of Victor Hugo and analyses how the History of France, the life of the writer and the discussions about Romantism combined and formed a work that traverses the century.Victor Hugo foi um dos mais importantes escritores da Literatura Francesa. Publicou romances e peças teatrais, mas dedicou-se, sobretudo, à poesia. Pretende-se descrever o percurso poético de Victor Hugo e analisar de que maneira a história da França, a vida do escritor e as discussões acerca do Romantismo se imbricaram de modo a formar uma obra que atravessa o século