Significados construidos da práticas em simulação clínica por estudantes de enfermagem

Objective: To describe the meanings that nursing students have built from clinical simulation experience to meet their learning needs. Methodology: The descriptive qualitative study from a hermeneutic paradigm. The design corresponds to an instrumental case study. A focus group and in-depth interviews were applied to 5th year students of the nursing career of Universidad Mayor Temuco, Chile, 2015. Data reduction was done from Atlas Ti software, version 7.0. The transcription of verbal data was developed from Jefferson transcription convention, which allowed the development of codification processes and analysis of narratives. Results: 4 categories emerged: Characteristics of clinical simulation, training expectations of clinical simulation, mobilized competencies and the importance of simulation for clinical practice. Within the observed results, students recognize that clinical simulation provides a safe and risk-free environment, they can integrate what they have learned in theory, into practice, without fear of causing harm to patients, being able to make mistakes, therefore,achieving meaningful learning. In addition, it allows the development of competencies such as teamwork, effective communication, problem solving, stress management and leadership. All this improves the confidence and safety of the student when facing real patients, promoting the delivery of quality nursing care, safeguarding the safety of users. Conclusion: Students value clinical simulation from a technical and personal perspective as a learning methodology that facilitates integration between theory and practice, promoting patient safety, self-confidence and security in the student.Objetivo: Describir los significados que han construido los estudiantes de enfermería a partir de la experiencia en simulación clínica para satisfacer sus necesidades de aprendizaje. Metodología: La metodología es cualitativa descriptiva, desde un paradigma hermenéutico. El diseño corresponde a un estudio de casos de tipo instrumental. Se aplicó un grupo focal y entrevistas en profundidad a estudiantes de 5° año de la carrera de enfermería de la Universidad Mayor Temuco, Chile, año 2015. La reducción de datos se hizo desde el software Atlas Ti, versión 7.0. La transcripción de la data verbal se desarrolló a partir del convencionalismo de Jefferson, lo que permitió el desarrollar procesos de codificación y análisis de narrativas. Resultados: Surgieron 4 categorías: Características de la simulación clínica, expectativas formativas simulación clínica, competencias movilizadas e importancia de la simulación para la práctica clínica. Dentro de los resultados observados, los estudiantes reconocen que la simulación clínica proporciona un entorno seguro y libre de riesgos, pueden integrar lo aprendido en la teoría a la práctica, sin temor de causar daño a los pacientes, pudiendo cometer errores, logrando así un aprendizaje significativo. Además, permite el desarrollo de competencias como trabajo en equipo, comunicación efectiva, resolución de problemas, manejo del estrés y liderazgo. Todo esto mejora la confianza y seguridad del estudiante al momento de enfrentarse al paciente real, promoviendo la entrega de cuidados enfermeros de calidad, resguardando la seguridad de los usuarios. Conclusión: Los estudiantes valoran desde una perspectiva técnica y personal la simulación clínica como una metodología de aprendizaje que facilita la integración entre teoría y práctica, promoviendo la seguridad del paciente, la autoconfianza y seguridad en el estudiante.Objetivo: Descrever os significados que os estudantes de enfermagem construíram a partir da experiência em simulação clínica para atender as suas necessidades de aprendizagem. Metodologia: Estudo descritivo qualitativo a partir de um paradigma hermenéutico. O design corresponde a um estudo de caso do tipo instrumental. Um grupo focal e entrevistas em profundidade foram aplicados aos alunos do quinto ano da carreira de enfermagem na Universidad Mayor Temuco, Chile, 2015. A redução de dados foi feita a partir do software Atlas Ti, versão 7.0. A transcrição de dados verbais foi desenvolvida a partir do convencionalismo de Jefferson, o que permitiu o desenvolvimento de processos de codificação e análise de narrativas. Resultados: Emergiram quatro categorias: Características da simulação clínica, expectativas formativas, simulação clínica, competências mobilizadas e importância da simulação para a prática clínica. Dentro dos resultados observados, os estudantes reconhecem que a simulação clínica proporciona um ambiente seguro e livre de riscos, eles podem integrar o que aprenderam na teoria à prática, sem medo de causar danos aos pacientes, sendo capazes de cometer erros, alcançando assim a aprendizagem. significativo Também permite o desenvolvimento de habilidades como trabalho em equipe, comunicação eficaz, resolução de problemas, gerenciamento de estresse e liderança. Tudo isso melhora a confiança e a segurança do aluno frente ao paciente real, promovendo a entrega de cuidados de enfermagem de qualidade, resguardando a segurança dos usuários. Conclusão: Os estudantes valorizam, de uma perspectiva técnica e pessoal, a simulação clínica como metodologia de aprendizagem que facilita a integração entre teoria e prática, promovendo a segurança do doente, a autoconfiança e a segurança no estudante

Representaciones que poseen los profesionales del área de la salud respecto de sus prácticas de enseñanza de las asignaturas disciplinarias en el aula

Antecedentes. Las prácticas de enseñanza de los profesionalesde la salud han sido escasamente estudiadas a partir de la transposicióndidáctica de los contenidos disciplinarios tanto enChile, como en América latina. La lógica del objeto de sabery la lógica del acto de enseñanza convergen dialécticamenteen las aulas universitarias.Objetivo. Describir analíticamente las representaciones queposeen los profesionales del área de la salud respecto de susprácticas de enseñanza de las asignaturas disciplinarias enel aula.Materiales y métodos. Se planteó un diseño cualitativo descriptivo,en base a la teoría fundamentada, método comparativoconstante, y los principios de triangulación y convergencia.Las técnicas de recolección de información fueron: entrevistassemiestructuradas, lectura textos y las observaciones etnográficas.Desde la codificación abierta emergieron diez categorías:a) Relevancia del conocimiento pedagógico b) Finalidad dela enseñanza c) Valoración de la evaluación diagnóstica, d)Usabilidad de la didáctica, e) Resultados de aprendizajes yenseñanza, f) Dominio del contenido disciplinario, g) Perfeccionamiento,h) Estilo de enseñanza, i) Criterios de efectividadde una clase, j) Conocimiento base para la enseñanza. Parael procesamiento de data verbal se utilizó el software para elanálisis cualitativo de datos Atlas-ti versión 6.0.Resultados. Los docentes requieren de conocimientos pedagógicospara mejorar la calidad de enseñanza. Los conceptos dedidáctica son atribuidos principalmente al aspecto metodológico yal uso de recursos tecnológicos. La estrategia didáctica más utilizadaen el proceso de enseñanza en el aula, es la clase expositivaque se centra en el docente aproximándose al modelo conductista.Conclusión. El modelo pedagógico dominante, está centrado enel docente y se aproxima al modelo conductista, por lo que lasprácticas de los docentes no constituyen una labor pedagógicasistemática ni enmarcada en paradigmas actuales de la educación

WARRIOR AND DIPLOMATIC LEADERSHIP OF THE GREAT NIZOL LONGKO DE LAS PAMPAS: JUAN KALLFUKURRA (1831-1871)

Juan Kallfukurra was a wajmapu nizol longko. He ruled the pampas. He established diplomatic and military alliances. He triumphed in multiple fights, and was also defeated many times. Its history is confused with myth due to the legendary days beyond the Andes, in Puelmapu. This manuscript presents some general features of his biographical profile, his career as a leader of the Mapuche people and a sampling of his complex relationship with the Argentine State. In this manuscript we include Manilwenu due to the relevance he had in the resistance and the pre-clarity regarding what the occupation of Mapuche lands by the State of Chile would imply

Ordo amoris: fenomenoloqía del amor en Max Scheler, orden y desorden del corazón humano

Este trabajo presenta lo fenomenologia scheleriana del amor tomada del acervo agustiniano que concibe o orda amoris como el núcleo principal del ethos de un hombre o uno colectividad humana: todo el obrar moral social nace de un amor fundamental, y ese amor es, a su vez, una amor plural, dirigido a muchos géneros de cosas, pero ordenado segun un orden de importancia de éstos. Es, lisa y llanamente pre-dilección. Las verdades se van fundando, en esencia, desde el orden y el desorden del corazón humano. El concepto de un ordo amoris tiene así una significación doble: una significación normativo y una significación descriptiva. Los resultados de este estudio se orientan a que lo supremo a que el hombre puede aspirar, es amor las cosas, en la medida de lo posible, tal como Dios las ama, y vivir con evidencia, en el propio acto del amor, la coincidencio entre el acto divino y el acto humano en un mismo punto del mundo de los valores, indistintamente del juicio de la existencia de Dios

About Fascism, Neoliberalism and Ultra-Right. Analytical Problems in the Open Society

After the appearance in the XXI century of political formations that claim as 'Nationalists', 'Neofascists', 'Ultra-Right', with a strong anti-immigration component and that come to further complicate the problems of democracy and the open society, it is worthwhile carrying out a revision of some concepts that the 'use' and 'abuse' of them has distorted almost completely. In the present investigation, we will try to carry out this task analytically, from the perspective, to determine, as clearly as possible, what we are talking about when we refer to concepts such as: 'fascism', 'ultra right' and 'neoliberalism'; notions that are used so vaguely that sometimes they become synonymous or adjective for the disqualification of the adversary. But nevertheless, they maintain a fundamental cultural and historical heritage, to try to understand what horizons our societies are heading towards

ANACHRONIC DEMOCRACY MUST LOOK AT THE MICROCOSMS. DEMOCRACES VERSUS ARCADECRACIAS

The democracy of the Third Millennium is in debate about following the model of universal suffrage as a validation of the sovereignty of the population or its original substrate: which is to make oneself felt under all its forms of passive and active communication. However, this rejuvenated democracy is attacked by a new form of domination by the tools of neoliberalism, such as the game and fun, not in the desire for leisure and distraction, but as a new opium for the people, through the creation of a true and dangerous arcadecrac

HANS STEFFEN: PRUSSIAN GEOGRAPHER, PIONEER OF CHILEAN PATAGONIA

The life of Hans Steffen is framed in the history of the geography of Chile. His description of Southern Patagonia forms part of the geographical foundations of any study carried out on this southern part of the South American country

Defense of metaphysical realism in the work of Sir Karl R. Popper

After the appearance of quantum mechanics in the first half of the twentieth century, wich meant a huge advance in science and particularly in physics, with a radiation above all the task of the scientific communities of the world. It has been one of the most successful theories in the history of scientific thought. However, their problems of interpretation were and are very complex. Sir Karl R. Popper attempted to defend the position of the 'metaphysical realism' in the face of this true Tsunami, produced by quantum theory. In this text, we review this situation carried out by Popper in front of the quantum interpretation of the world. For its part, the objective of this article is related to exploring the importance of metaphysical realism in the work of science. While the methodology used would be related to taking a great scientific fact, as was the case with quantum theory, and carrying out an analysis around the various interpretations of it that they imply, finally the discussion about metaphysical realism as a assumption that gives meaning to scientific work

The historical inclusion of Mapuche children in the educational system: challenges and tensions in policy and practice

The study presented in this paper examines the historical experiences of school inclusion of the Mapuche people in the Chilean educational system. It focuses on the tensions between securing high-quality education for indigenous children while simultaneously providing culturally relevant education in ways that their cultural identities and ways of knowing are preserved and sustained over time. A narrative inquiry approach is adopted to document such experiences and to honour the oral tradition in the Mapuche culture. We do so by retrieving the oral memory of two Mapuches in two distinct and traditional communities located in La Araucania, Chile, the Mapuches' historical land. This oral memory is accompanied by a documental inquiry that sought to examine the historical experiences of schooling as captured in photographs preserved in Santa Magdalena Capuchin Archive located in Altotting, Germany. We use these stories to examine the current efforts of educational inclusion for Mapuche children in Chile and to discuss their limits and possibilities

AROUND A LATIN AMERICAN DEMOCRACY UNDER THE AEGIS OF LEOPOLDO ZEA

Is there a democratic conscience in Latin America? It is a question that starts from a premise alien to everything that Latin Americans seek, namely, their own identity. Democracy is not a Latin American creation, but of a Western Europe represented from the V century before our era in Classical Athens, with all its ups and downs through time. There is no contradiction between a Latin American philosophy and a conception of government from the Old World, rather, it is a complement and deepening of a creation that we made ours, as ours is also the search for an identity, a conscience and a refounded and deepened democracy. In this sense, the great Latin American thinker sheds light on that Latin American democracy that really reaches everyone on a continent in search of its future