Effects of perceived fitness level of exercise partner on intensity of exertion

Problem statement: Social comparison theory was used to examine if exercising with a research confederate posing as either high fit or low fit would increase the exertion in exercising. Approach: 91 college students were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: Biking alone, biking with a high fit confederate, or biking with a low fit confederate. All participants were instructed to complete 20 min of exercise at 60-70% of their maximum target heart rate. Results: Results indicated that participants in the high fit condition exercised harder than those in the low fit condition. However, no mood differences emerged between conditions. Conclusion: Social comparison theory predicts exercise outcome such that participants gravitate towards the behavior (high fit or low fit) of those around them

Application of Choerospondias axillaris fruit extract in edible coating films

Choerospondias axillaris fruit methanolic extract along with natural gums have been studied for its application in edible coating films as a bioactive agent for the protection of orange fruit against decay, to prevent post-harvest losses. Edible coating minimize migration of components within the food system or between the food and its surrounding environment. They provide an alternative to synthetic packaging and thereby bring on a significant role in environmental protection.C. axillaris fruit methanolic extract was checked for its antibacterial properties and the extract was then added in edible coating films for its effectiveness against the decay of orange fruits. The effect of coatings on the extension of shelf-life of orange fruits was studied at 4 and 25 °C for 30 days. During storage, changes in various physiological and chemical parameters such as weight loss, change in pH, total soluble solids and decay rate of coated and uncoated samples were observed at regular intervals. The results indicated that the methanolic extract of C. axillaris showed considerable antimicrobial activity against various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and when added in the coating solution along with gum acacia was efficient in delaying weight loss, pH, total soluble solids and decay rate

Campus Conversations on Scholarly Communications: May 2020 Report

Campus Conversations on Scholarly Communications was created as a mini-grant program to foster institutional dialogue. Funded by the Statewide California Electronic Library Consortium (SCELC) Project Initiatives Fund (SPIF) and managed by the Scholarly Communications Committee, grants of up to $800 were used by member and affiliate libraries to engage diverse constituents on topics about licensing contracts, open access, or other scholarly communication topics. This dialogue is needed to address complex issues such as price increases, library budgets, market dominance, social justice, accessibility, sustainability, and relevance. Grant recipients share their work and reflections, inevitably impacted by COVID-19, in this report

Application of Choerospondias axillaris fruit extract in edible coating films

124-129Choerospondias axillaris fruit methanolic extract along with natural gums have been studied for its application in edible coating films as a bioactive agent for the protection of orange fruit against decay, to prevent post-harvest losses. Edible coating minimize migration of components within the food system or between the food and its surrounding environment. They provide an alternative to synthetic packaging and thereby bring on a significant role in environmental protection.C. axillaris fruit methanolic extract was checked for its antibacterial properties and the extract was then added in edible coating films for its effectiveness against the decay of orange fruits. The effect of coatings on the extension of shelf-life of orange fruits was studied at 4 and 25 °C for 30 days. During storage, changes in various physiological and chemical parameters such as weight loss, change in pH, total soluble solids and decay rate of coated and uncoated samples were observed at regular intervals. The results indicated that the methanolic extract of C. axillaris showed considerable antimicrobial activity against various gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and when added in the coating solution along with gum acacia was efficient in delaying weight loss, pH, total soluble solids and decay rate

Campus Conversations on Scholarly Communications: May 2020 Report

Campus Conversations on Scholarly Communications was created as a mini-grant program to foster institutional dialogue. Funded by the Statewide California Electronic Library Consortium (SCELC) Project Initiatives Fund (SPIF) and managed by the Scholarly Communications Committee, grants of up to $800 were used by member and affiliate libraries to engage diverse constituents on topics about licensing contracts, open access, or other scholarly communication topics. This dialogue is needed to address complex issues such as price increases, library budgets, market dominance, social justice, accessibility, sustainability, and relevance. Grant recipients share their work and reflections, inevitably impacted by COVID-19, in this report

Stability of Neutrinos in the Singlet Majoron Model

We show that there is no one-loop enhancement of the rate for a light neutrino to decay into a lighter neutrino plus a majoron, contrary to a recent claim. Thus the light neutrinos must satisfy the cosmological bound of having masses less than 35 eV in the singlet majoron model, or else violate the constraint imposed by galaxy formation. In the latter case, $\nu_\tau$ could have a mass between 40 and 500 keV, while satisfying all other cosmological constraints.Comment: 11 pp., latex, UMN-TH-1218-93. Correct nucleosynthesis bound of 500 keV on nu_tau mass is incorporated; one-loop electroweak contribution to neutrino mass is correcte

Loneliness and the onset of new mental health problems in the general population

PURPOSE: Loneliness is associated with poor health including premature mortality. There are cross-sectional associations with depression, anxiety, psychosis, and other mental health outcomes. However, it is not known whether loneliness is causally linked with the new onset of mental health problems in the general population. Longitudinal studies are key to understanding this relationship. We synthesized evidence from longitudinal studies investigating the relationship between loneliness and new onset of mental health problems, in the general population. METHOD: We systematically searched six electronic databases, unpublished sources, and hand-searched of references, up to August 2021. We conducted a meta-analysis of eight independent cohorts and narrative synthesis of the remaining studies. RESULTS: We included 32 studies, of which the majority focused on depression. Our narrative synthesis found most studies show loneliness at baseline which is associated with the subsequent new onset of depression. The few studies on anxiety and self-harm also showed a positive association. Our meta-analysis found a pooled adjusted odds ratio of 2.33 (95% CI 1.62-3.34) for risk of new onset depression in adults who were often lonely compared with people who were not often lonely. This should be interpreted with caution given evidence of heterogeneity. CONCLUSION: Loneliness is a public mental health issue. There is growing evidence; it is associated with the onset of depression and other common mental health problems. Future studies should explore its impact across the age range and in more diverse populations, look beyond depression, and explore the mechanisms involved with a view to better informing appropriate interventions

Determination of bioactive phytochemicals, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of Colchicum autumnale L. (Suranjanshireen)

52-60In Unani System of Medicine Suranjanshireen (Colchicum autumnale L.) is primarily used for the treatment of arthritis, and it belongs to the family of Liliaceae. The current investigation was conducted to evaluate the phytochemical constituents, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity of C. autumnale L. Anti-oxidant activity was done using 2, 2'-azinobis (3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging test. The bioactive compounds of the extracts of C. autumnale were identified by GC-MS and UHPLC-QExactiveOrbitrap. Docking studies were carried out for anti-inflammatory activity.The subjective phytochemicals examination demonstrated the existence of phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, and terpenoids. Whereas the quantitative investigation indicated dichloromethane extract contains the maximum number of phenolic and flavonoids constituents and demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity. GC-MS, and UHPLC- QExactiveOrbitrap investigation of the extracts confirmed the existence of bioactive compounds. Docking analysis revealed that colchicoside (3 demethyl colchicine glucoside) inhibits IL-6 having binding energy -7.1 kcal/mol with an RMSD value of 0.00. Phytochemicals, antioxidant, GC-MS, UHPLC- QExactiveOrbitrap analysis and molecular docking results revealed that the compounds presented in C. autumnale L extracts were accountable for numerous therapeutic uses, for instance, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities

Determination of bioactive phytochemicals, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of Colchicum autumnale L. (Suranjanshireen)

In Unani System of Medicine Suranjanshireen (Colchicum autumnale L.) is primarily used for the treatment of arthritis, and it belongs to the family of Liliaceae. The current investigation was conducted to evaluate the phytochemical constituents, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity of C. autumnale L. Anti-oxidant activity was done using 2, 2'-azinobis (3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging test. The bioactive compounds of the extracts of C. autumnale were identified by GC-MS and UHPLC-QExactiveOrbitrap. Docking studies were carried out for anti-inflammatory activity.The subjective phytochemicals examination demonstrated the existence of phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, and terpenoids. Whereas the quantitative investigation indicated dichloromethane extract contains the maximum number of phenolic and flavonoids constituents and demonstrated the highest antioxidant activity. GC-MS, and UHPLC- QExactiveOrbitrap investigation of the extracts confirmed the existence of bioactive compounds. Docking analysis revealed that colchicoside (3 demethyl colchicine glucoside) inhibits IL-6 having binding energy -7.1 kcal/mol with an RMSD value of 0.00. Phytochemicals, antioxidant, GC-MS, UHPLC- QExactiveOrbitrap analysis and molecular docking results revealed that the compounds presented in C. autumnale L extracts were accountable for numerous therapeutic uses, for instance, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities