103 research outputs found
Diagnostics of impaired carbon metabolism in patients with ischemic heart disease.
Aim of the study – to investigate the prevalence of earlier non-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes using different diagnostic approaches in patients with angiographically confirmed ischemic heart disease. Materials and methods. We studied 89 patients with ischemic heart disease, mean age 62+3,6 years. All patients had angiographically confirmed atherosclerotic lesions of coronary arteries. No patient had previously diagnosed diabetes mellitus or hyperglycemia in anamnesis. All patients underwent the detailed examination to reveal hidden diabetes or prediabetes, earlier non-diagnosed: glucose tolerance, fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin were measured and standard oral glucose tolerance test was performed. Results. Based on the results of fasting plasma glucose and oral glucose tolerance test, diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in 14 (16%) patients studied, elevated glycated hemoglobin suggesting the presence of earlier non-diagnosed diabetes was found in 11 (12%) patients. Each of the 3 diagnostic approaches used allowed to diagnose patients with non-diagnosed earlier type 2 diabetes mellitus and there were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of earlier non-diagnosed diabetes depending on the method of diagnostics used, p>0.05. Prediabetes was diagnosed much more frequently – in 47 (53%) patients while measuring glycated hemoglobin, in 43 (48%) patients based on fasting plasma glucose levels and in 28 (31%) patients according to elevated plasma glucose levels 2 hours after taking glucose. Conclusions. Our data revealed high prevalence of earlier non-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes in patients with ischemic heart disease. The measurement of fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin and oral glucose tolerance test contribute each other in diagnostics of diabetes and prediabetes in the majority of cases
Diagnostics of impaired carbon metabolism in patients with ischemic heart disease.
Aim of the study – to investigate the prevalence of earlier non-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes using different diagnostic approaches in patients with angiographically confirmed ischemic heart disease. Materials and methods. We studied 89 patients with ischemic heart disease, mean age 62+3,6 years. All patients had angiographically confirmed atherosclerotic lesions of coronary arteries. No patient had previously diagnosed diabetes mellitus or hyperglycemia in anamnesis. All patients underwent the detailed examination to reveal hidden diabetes or prediabetes, earlier non-diagnosed: glucose tolerance, fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin were measured and standard oral glucose tolerance test was performed. Results. Based on the results of fasting plasma glucose and oral glucose tolerance test, diabetes mellitus was diagnosed in 14 (16%) patients studied, elevated glycated hemoglobin suggesting the presence of earlier non-diagnosed diabetes was found in 11 (12%) patients. Each of the 3 diagnostic approaches used allowed to diagnose patients with non-diagnosed earlier type 2 diabetes mellitus and there were no statistically significant differences in the prevalence of earlier non-diagnosed diabetes depending on the method of diagnostics used, p>0.05. Prediabetes was diagnosed much more frequently – in 47 (53%) patients while measuring glycated hemoglobin, in 43 (48%) patients based on fasting plasma glucose levels and in 28 (31%) patients according to elevated plasma glucose levels 2 hours after taking glucose. Conclusions. Our data revealed high prevalence of earlier non-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and prediabetes in patients with ischemic heart disease. The measurement of fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin and oral glucose tolerance test contribute each other in diagnostics of diabetes and prediabetes in the majority of cases
Trends in the magnetic properties of Fe, Co and Ni clusters and monolayers on Ir(111), Pt(111) and Au(111)
We present a detailed theoretical investigation on the magnetic properties of
small single-layered Fe, Co and Ni clusters deposited on Ir(111), Pt(111) and
Au(111). For this a fully relativistic {\em ab-initio} scheme based on density
functional theory has been used. We analyse the element, size and geometry
specific variations of the atomic magnetic moments and their mutual exchange
interactions as well as the magnetic anisotropy energy in these systems. Our
results show that the atomic spin magnetic moments in the Fe and Co clusters
decrease almost linearly with coordination on all three substrates, while the
corresponding orbital magnetic moments appear to be much more sensitive to the
local atomic environment. The isotropic exchange interaction among the cluster
atoms is always very strong for Fe and Co exceeding the values for bulk bcc Fe
and hcp Co, whereas the anisotropic Dzyaloshinski-Moriya interaction is in
general one or two orders of magnitude smaller when compared to the isotropic
one. For the magnetic properties of Ni clusters the magnetic properties can
show quite a different behaviour and we find in this case a strong tendency
towards noncollinear magnetism
Morphological Aspects of Diabetic Gastroparesis
The research work highlights issues relating to studying morphological signs of diabetic gastroparesis. On the forty-second day of the development of experimental streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus neuronal hydropic degeneration confirmed by the results of morphometry and ultrastructural investigations was observed in the intermuscular plexus of the rats’ stomach. Pycnomorphous cells were found. Axonal degeneration defining the neurogenic nature of the damage to unmyelinated nerve fibers was also present. The processes of apoptosis were initiated in the interstitial cells of Cajal leading to their death. Such changes occurred on the background of the development of diabetic microangiopathy which caused pronounced destructive changes in the smooth myocytes resulting in the violation of their contractility due to circulatory and hemic hypoxias. Thus, experimental diabetes mellitus in rats changes motor-evacuation function of the stomach by destructive changes in the myogenic and neurogenic factors regulating it.
The temperature dependence of FeRh's transport properties
The finite-temperature transport properties of FeRh compounds are
investigated by first-principles Density Functional Theory-based calculations.
The focus is on the behavior of the longitudinal resistivity with rising
temperature, which exhibits an abrupt decrease at the metamagnetic transition
point, between ferro- and antiferromagnetic phases. A detailed
electronic structure investigation for K explains this feature and
demonstrates the important role of (i) the difference of the electronic
structure at the Fermi level between the two magnetically ordered states and
(ii) the different degree of thermally induced magnetic disorder in the
vicinity of , giving different contributions to the resistivity. To
support these conclusions, we also describe the temperature dependence of the
spin-orbit induced anomalous Hall resistivity and Gilbert damping parameter.
For the various response quantities considered the impact of thermal lattice
vibrations and spin fluctuations on their temperature dependence is
investigated in detail. Comparison with corresponding experimental data finds
in general a very good agreement
Finite-temperature magnetism of FePd and CoPt alloys
The finite-temperature magnetic properties of FePd and
CoPt alloys have been investigated. It is shown that the
temperature-dependent magnetic behaviour of alloys, composed of originally
magnetic and non-magnetic elements, cannot be described properly unless the
coupling between magnetic moments at magnetic atoms (Fe,Co) mediated through
the interactions with induced magnetic moments of non-magnetic atoms (Pd,Pt) is
included. A scheme for the calculation of the Curie temperature () for
this type of systems is presented which is based on the extended Heisenberg
Hamiltonian with the appropriate exchange parameters obtained from
{\em ab-initio} electronic structure calculations. Within the present study the
KKR Green's function method has been used to calculate the parameters.
A comparison of the obtained Curie temperatures for FePd and
CoPt alloys with experimental data shows rather good agreement.Comment: 10 pages, 12 figure
The temperature dependence of FeRh’s transport properties
The finite-temperature transport properties of FeRh compounds are investigated by first-principles
Density Functional Theory-based calculations. The focus is on the behavior of the longitudinal resistivity
with rising temperature, which exhibits an abrupt decrease at the metamagnetic transition
point, T = Tm between ferro- and antiferromagnetic phases. A detailed electronic structure investigation
for T ≥ 0 K explains this feature and demonstrates the important role of (i) the difference
of the electronic structure at the Fermi level between the two magnetically ordered states and (ii)
the different degree of thermally induced magnetic disorder in the vicinity of Tm, giving different
contributions to the resistivity. To support these conclusions, we also describe the temperature
dependence of the spin-orbit induced anomalous Hall resistivity and Gilbert damping parameter.
For the various response quantities considered the impact of thermal lattice vibrations and spin fluctuations
on their temperature dependence is investigated in detail. Comparison with corresponding
experimental data finds in general a very good agreement
Prevalence and correlates of depressive disorders in people with Type 2 diabetes: results from the International Prevalence and Treatment of Diabetes and Depression (INTERPRET‐DD) study, a collaborative study carried out in 14 countries
Aims
To assess the prevalence and management of depressive disorders in people with Type 2 diabetes in different countries.
Methods
People with diabetes aged 18–65 years and treated in outpatient settings were recruited in 14 countries and underwent a psychiatric interview. Participants completed the Patient Health Questionnaire and the Problem Areas in Diabetes scale. Demographic and medical record data were collected.
Results
A total of 2783 people with Type 2 diabetes (45.3% men, mean duration of diabetes 8.8 years) participated. Overall, 10.6% were diagnosed with current major depressive disorder and 17.0% reported moderate to severe levels of depressive symptomatology (Patient Health Questionnaire scores >9). Multivariable analyses showed that, after controlling for country, current major depressive disorder was significantly associated with gender (women) (PPPPP<0.0001). The proportion of those with either current major depressive disorder or moderate to severe levels of depressive symptomatology who had a diagnosis or any treatment for their depression recorded in their medical records was extremely low and non-existent in many countries (0–29.6%).
Conclusions
Our international study, the largest of this type ever undertaken, shows that people with diabetes frequently have depressive disorders and also significant levels of depressive symptoms. Our findings indicate that the identification and appropriate care for psychological and psychiatric problems is not the norm and suggest a lack of the comprehensive approach to diabetes management that is needed to improve clinical outcomes
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