Impact d’une jachère améliorée et du calendrier cultural sur le rendement du maïs dans le Sud de la Côte d’Ivoire

Dans le cadre de la restitution des terres fortement exploités, la jachère améliorée à base de Légumineuses arborées est l’une des techniques agroforestières utilisées. L’objectif de ce travail est d’utiliser le maïs pour tester l’effet d’une jachère à Acacias australiens et du calendrier cultural sur son rendement. Par la méthode de semis à une densité de 25 000 poquets/ha et de 3 grains de maïs par poquet, les résultats suivants ont été obtenus. Sur les parcelles issues de la jachère à légumineuses, le rendement du maïs grains a été estimé à 1240 kg/hectare, le taux de germination des graines est de 84,03% et la vitesse de croissance des plants de maïs enregistrée est de 14,01 cm/semaine. Quant aux parcelles témoins, le rendement a été évalué à 710 kg/hectare, le taux de germination des graines est de 71,18% et la vitesse de croissance des plants de maïs enregistrée est de 9,5 cm/semaine. Les résultats statistiques indiquent trois groupes homogènes pour le rendement du maïs : les PASPMSN ayant enregistré le meilleur rendement ; les PSASPMSN et les PAPMSN ont indiqué un rendement moyen ; les PAPMST sont les moins productives (90 kg/hectare). Les résultats obtenus indiquent un meilleur rendement du maïs sur la jachère à Légumineuses et semé dans le respect du calendrier cultural.© 2015 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Mots clés: Maïs, jachère, Acacias, calendrier cultural, rendementEnglish AbstractIn the context of the de la restoration of hardly exploited ground, the improved fallow of leguminous trees is one of agroforestry techniques used. The objective of this work was to use maize to test the effect of one Australian acacias fallow and of the farming calendar on its yield. Using sowing method with a density of 25 000 seed holes/ha and of 3 corn seeds per hole, the following results were obtained. In leguminous fallow plots the corn seeds yield was estimated at 1240 kg/hectare, the seeds germination rate was 84.03% and the recorded growth speed was 14.01 cm/week. As for control plots, the yield was estimated at 710 kg/hectare, the seeds germination rate was 71.18% and the recorded seedlings growth speed was 9,5 cm/week. Statistics results showed three homogeneous groups of maize yield: PASPMSN recorded the best yield; PSASPMSN and PAPMSN indicated the average yield; PAPMST are less productive (90 kg/hectare). The results show a better yield in leguminous fallows and also when farming calendar is respected.© 2015 International Formulae Group. All rights reserved.Keywords: Maize, fallow, acacias, farming calendar, yiel

Flore Adventices Des Jardins Potagers Des Établissements Pénitentiaires De Côte d’Ivoire: Cas Des Maisons d’Arrêt Et De Correction d’Abidjan Et De Gagnoa

The characterization of the adventitious flora of vegetable gardens consisted of taking inventory of the weedy flora of the plots of prison establishments of the Abidjan Detention and Correction House (ADCH) and the Gagnoa Detention and Correction House(GDCG). The study was carried out using the surface survey method, which consisted of inventory plant species in plots of 100 m2 . 40 weeds species were determined from 144 surveys across the two 2,500 m2 plots. 32 species were identified at ADCH against 39 at GDCH. The inventoried species belong to 14 families divided into 24 genera. The Compositae are in the majority with six species representing 15% of the total adventitious flora. Dicotyledons represent 67.5% of species and 32.5% for Monocotyledons. Therophyte species and herbs are the most dominant with 47.5% and 82.50% respectively.The similarity coefficient (84.3%), being greater than 50%, shows a similarity between the two sites. The study also showed that the most common and aggressive species are Cyperus rotundus L., Euphorbia heterophylla L., and Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. & Thonn. Cyperus rotundus and Panicum repens L. appeared to be the most harmful species

Identification of weeds in sweet potato crops (Ipomoea batatas) in the lowlands of Côte d'Ivoire

To ensure better management of weeds in sweet potato crops, in the lowlands of Anyama in Côte d'Ivoire, it is appropriate to first identify weeds, particularly the major species. To do this, 120 floristic surveys were carried out in four lowlands of pure sweet potato cultivation, i.e. 30 surveys in each lowland. This work has identified 110 species belonging to 79 genera distributed in 33 botanical families. The dominant families are represented by Cyperaceae (17.3%), Poaceae (16.4%), Asteraceae (10.0%), Fabaceae (5.4%) and Amaranthaceae (4.5%). Angiosperms are in the majority with 98.2% of the species recorded. Dicotyledons are the most represented with 60.0% of species against 38.2% for Monocotyledons. In terms of biological types, therophytes are the most represented with 39.0%, followed by nanophanerophytes, then hemicryptophytes with the same proportion (10.8%). The study area has a homogeneous floristic distribution. Digitaria horizontalis, Eleusine indica, Alternanthera sessilis and Ageratum conyzoides are the most damaging species to the crop in this area. Keywords: Anyama, lowland, sweet potato, weed, floristic surve