Die Weltraumpolitik Chinas

Die Arbeit beschreibt die Weltraumpolitik Chinas. Es wird den Fragen nachgegangen, welche Auswirkungen die von der VRC verfolgte Weltraumpolitik auf die Internationalen Beziehungen hat, wie weit China die Militarisierung des Orbits vorantrieb, und welche Ziele verfolgt China im Rahmen der Conference on Disarmament. Die Weltraumpolitik Chinas fokussiert auf mehrere Gesichtspunkte. Die Entwicklung und der Besitz bestimmter Weltraumtechnologie stellen für China Faktoren der äußeren Sicherheit, des internationalen wie innenpolitischen Prestiges und der Wirtschaft dar. Vor dem Hintergrund des Kalten Krieges entwickelt die VRC seine Weltraumfähigkeiten nahezu völlig Unabhängig. Zunächst sind die Weltraumaktivitäten auf den militärischen Bereich konzentriert. Im Laufe der Zeit ändern sich die politischen Intentionen. Die politische Führung in Peking wird sich des Nutzungspotentials des Alls immer mehr bewusst, sodass auch der zivilen Nutzung Bedeutung zugemessen wird. Der Orbit wird von China militärisch genützt, jedoch trachtet die VRC im Rahmen der CD eine „Weaponization“ des Kosmos zu verhindern. Offen bekennt es sich dazu, ein „Arms Race in Outer Space“ unter allen Umständen vermeiden zu wollen, denn nur dadurch ließe sich die friedliche Nutzung des Weltraums für alle Menschen gewährleisten.The content of this diploma thesis deals with the space politics of China. The questions which are of interest are focused on the consequences of Chinas space politics concerning the international relations, how far is the militarization of space developed by China and what are the purposes and goals of China within the Conference on Disarmament. China faces a lot of considerations in the field of space. The development and the possession of certain kinds of space technology are inseparably connected to the factors of the external security, of the international and domestic prestige and the economic development. During the time of the Cold War, China succeeded independently in developing its space capacities. At the beginning the space activities have been concentrated on the military side, but during the time the political intentions changed. The political leadership in Beijing gets more and more aware of the importance and the possible benefits for the Chinese public. Nevertheless space is militarized by China, the “Red Dragon” aspires within the Conference on Disarmament in Geneva to prevent the “weaponization of space”. This gets obvious through Chinas efforts to create an international law binding treaty concerning the prohibition of placing weapons in Outer Space. China confesses officially to prevent an arms race in outer space by all means in order to keep the space peaceful

Magnesium as a biomaterial and its biological interactions

To investigate different magnesium alloys as a biodegradable material for implants it is necessary to understand the degradation process in the biological environment. The following study shows interactions of pure magnesium with various physical and chemical environmental parameters according to the parameters within the application area.DFG/SFB/599DFG/SFB/59

It\u27s not just the size that matters: crystal engineering of lanthanide-based coordination polymers

Synthesis and characterization of Lewis base free coordination polymers of selected lanthanides are presented. For this purpose, the substituted Cot$^{TIPS}$ ligand (Cot$^{TIPS}$ = 1,4-bis-triisopropylsilyl-cyclo-octatetraendiide) was used to synthesize homoleptic, anionic multidecker compounds of the type [K{Ln$^{III}$(ɳ$^8$-Cot$^{TIPS}$)$_2$}]$_n$. Depending on the solvent used for crystallization and the ionic radii of the lanthanide cations, three different categories of one-dimensional heterobimetallic coordination polymers were obtained in the solid state. For the early lanthanides La and Ce a unique helical conformation was obtained by crystallization from toluene, while the ionic radius of Pr seems to be a turning point towards the crystallization of zigzag polymers. For Er a third structural motif, a trapezoidal wave polymer was observed. Additionally, the zigzag polymer for all compounds could be obtained by changing the solvent from toluene to Et$_2$O, reavealing a correlation between solid-state structure and ionic radii as well as solvent. While photoluminescence (PL) properties of Cot-lanthanide compounds are scarce, the La complexes show ligand centered green luminescence, whereas the Ce complexes reveal deep red emission origin from d–f transitions. The Er-compounds are single-molecule magnets, in which the magnetic relaxation of each Er ion occurs isolated from its neighbors at temperatures above 10 K, while below 9 K a strong antiferromagnetic coupling between the Er ions was seen

Evaluation of Madurahydroxylactone as a Slow Release Antibacterial Implant Coating

Madurahydroxylactone (MHL), a secondary metabolite with antibacterial activity was evaluated for its suitability to generate controlled drug release coatings on medical implant materials. A smooth and firmly attached layer could be produced from a precursor solution on various metallic implant materials. In physiological salt solutions these coatings dissolved within a time period up to one week. A combination of MHL with a broad spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic was used to create a coating that was active against all bacterial strains tested. The time period during which the coating remained active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was investigated. The results indicated a delayed drug release from single layer coatings in the course of seven days. MHL was biocompatible in cell culture assays and could after a delay even serve as a cell adhesion substrate for human or murine cells. The findings indicate a potential for MHL for the generation of delayed release antimicrobial implant coatings

Complete genome sequence of Meiothermus silvanus type strain (VI-R2).

Meiothermus silvanus (Tenreiro et al. 1995) Nobre et al. 1996 belongs to a thermophilic genus whose members share relatively low degrees of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity. Meiothermus constitutes an evolutionary lineage separate from members of the genus Thermus, from which they can generally be distinguished by their slightly lower temperature optima. M. silvanus is of special interest as it causes colored biofilms in the paper making industry and may thus be of economic importance as a biofouler. This is the second completed genome sequence of a member of the genus Meiothermus and only the third genome sequence to be published from a member of the family Thermaceae. The 3,721,669 bp long genome with its 3,667 protein-coding and 55 RNA genes is a part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea project