Optimization of Hydrogen Production from Pickle Bamboo Shoot Wastewater by Rhodopseudomonas palustris TN1

A pickle bamboo shoot is a top marketing product in the East of Thailand, especially Prachinburi province. Vinegar (acetic acid) and sea salt (NaCl) are added during pickle bamboo shoot productions to preserve the color and texture. These high acidity (pH 3-4), high salt concentration (6.0%) and dark-brown color of the pickle bamboo shoot wastewater (PBSW) lead to the difficulty for bioremediation of PBSW treatment. Rhodopseudomonas palustris TN1 was capable of surviving in 3.0% (w v-1) NaCl medium and produce hydrogen under anaerobic-light condition. The Aim of this study is to investigate the ability of biohydrogen production in the PBSW by TN1, the effect of initial pH (6.5, 7.0 and 7.5) and light intensities (1,000, 3,000 and 5,000 lux) were performed under anaerobic-light condition. The hydrogen content in biogas using wastewater as the medium was found to be 98.51%. The optimal condition for the highest hydrogen production was pH 7.36 and light intensity of 3,200 lux at room temperature (30±2ºC) giving hydrogen 73.57±5.29 mL L-1 and dry cell weight (DCW) of 5.36±0.51 g L-1 within 96 hrs. In conclusion, TN1 can consume the PBSW as a carbon source to produce hydrogen

Application of palm pressed fiber as a carrier for ethanol production by Candida shehatae TISTR5843

Abstract Palm pressed fiber (PPF) is a clean and renewable lignocellulosic material. The PPF and delignified PPF (DPPF) were used as a carrier for immobilization of Candida shehatae TISTR5843 in bioethanol production. PPF was pre-treated by milling to obtain small particles, whereas DPPF was the delignification of PPF using NaClO2. C. shehatae TISTR5843 was grown in modified yeast extract- malt (YM) medium at 30 \ub1 2\ubaC on an orbital shaker at 150 rpm for batch and repeated batch fermentation. In the batch system, immobilized cells on a small size, less than 0.5 mm, of DPPF (sDPPF) gave the maximum ethanol production of 11.5 g L-1 at 24 hrs cultivation period. The ethanol concentration and ethanol yield of sDPPF were 6.2% and 6.8% higher (ethanol production 11.5 g L-1, ethanol yield 0.47 g g-1) than those of free cells (ethanol production 10.8 g L-1, ethanol yield 0.44 g g-1) after 36 hrs of cultivation. In contrast, the small size of PPF (sPPF) was selected as a carrier in repeated batch fermentation for cost effectiveness. The ethanol productivity of immobilized yeast cells in repeated batch fermentations was 45.2-51.6% greater than that obtained from batch fermentations. The immobilized cells on sPPF improved the ethanol production and could be reused 4 times with retaining the activity of 93%. In conclusion, PPF is a potential carrier in the immobilization system. The pre-treatment of PPF increases the surface area that enhances cell adsorption and ethanol production by C. shehatae TISTR5843

Kinetic Analysis of Xylose Production from Palm Pressed Fiber by Sulfuric Acid

Palm pressed fiber (PPF) is lignocellulosic materials containing xylose and glucose. These high sugars contained in PPF can be used as a substrate for ethanol production by microorganisms. The PPF was delignified using sodium hypochlorite as a pretreatment for sugars production. By using mathematic model, 30.6 g L-1 of xylose and 2.2 g L-1 of glucose was obtained under the optimum condition of 5% (v.v-1) H2SO4 at 120 ºC for 30 min. At this condition, acetic acid and furfural concentrations were produced at 7.2 g L-1 and 0.9 g L-1, respectively. Kinetic parameters were also investigated in order to predict concentrations of xylose, glucose, acetic acid and furfural in the delignified PPF hydrolysate. Yield of xylose was 85.74% of the initial xylose content

Isolation of anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria from Songkhla Lake for use in a two-staged biohydrogen production process from palm oil mill effluent

We are developing a process to produce biohydrogen from palm oil mill effluent. Part of this process will involve photohydrogen production from volatile fatty acids under low light conditions. We sought to isolate suitable bacteria for this purpose fromSongkhla Lake in Southern Thailand. Enrichment for phototrophic bacteria from 34 samples was conducted providing acetate as a major carbon source and applying culturing conditions of anaerobic-low light (3000 lux) at 30 C. Among the independent isolates from these enrichments 19 evolved hydrogen with productivities between 4 and 326 ml l 1 d 1. Isolate TN1 was the most efficient producer at a rate of 1.85 mol H2 mol acetate 1 with a light conversion efficiency of 1.07%. The maximum hydrogen production rate for TN1 was determined to be 43 ml l 1 h 1. Environmentally desirable features of photohydrogen production by TN1 included the absence of pH change in the cultures and no detectable residual CO

CERI, CEFX, and CPI: Largely Improved Positive Controls for Testing Antigen-Specific T Cell Function in PBMC Compared to CEF

Monitoring antigen-specific T cell immunity relies on functional tests that require T cells and antigen presenting cells to be uncompromised. Drawing of blood, its storage and shipment from the clinical site to the test laboratory, and the subsequent isolation, cryopreservation and thawing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) before the actual test is performed can introduce numerous variables that may jeopardize the results. Therefore, no T cell test is valid without assessing the functional fitness of the PBMC being utilized. This can only be accomplished through the inclusion of positive controls that actually evaluate the performance of the antigen-specific T cell and antigen presenting cell (APC) compartments. For Caucasians, CEF peptides have been commonly used to this extent. Moreover, CEF peptides only measure CD8 cell functionality. We introduce here universal CD8+ T cell positive controls without any racial bias, as well as positive controls for the CD4+ T cell and APC compartments. In summary, we offer new tools and strategies for the assessment of PBMC functional fitness required for reliable T cell immune monitoring

การผลิตไฮโดรเจนและกรด5-อะมิโนลีวูลินิกโดยแบคทีเรียสังเคราะห์แสงจากน้ำทิ้งโรงงานสกัดน้ำมันปาล์ม

Thesis (Ph.D., Biotechnology)--Prince of Songkla University, 201