Acute neuromuscular and hormonal responses and recovery from velocity-based strength loading sessions : effects of velocity based training in men

Velocity based training has been an important topic of research, especially in recent years, with interest serving sport scientists and coaches aiming to improve performance in athletes, in the scope of maximal strength, hypertrophy and explosive power. The emergence of training based on mean propulsive velocity rather than fixed repetition training has gained attention including investigations around the world as a possible alternative to traditional forms of resistance training for athletes. The purpose of the thesis was to study acute exercise profiles in 20 to 30-year-old men based on a single VBT full squat loading pre and post training intervention. Subjects trained over 8 weeks for a total of 16 training sessions. The study investigated effects of VBT on isometric bilateral leg press (including rate of force development and maximum power) countermovement jump (impulse and height), changes in mean propulsive velocity, mean propulsive power, and muscle activation using electromyographic measurements. The study also investigated acute hormonal responses to VBT loading before and after the training period in testosterone, cortisol, growth hormone, and creatine kinase concentrations. The results indicated that rate of force development in VL40 (p<0.01) and VL20 (p<0.05) remained decreased in post 24 hours loading, but recovered to basal levels after the training intervention. Training effect showed an increase in mean propulsive power measurements at 60% of 1RM in VL20 (p<0.05) and VL20 (p<0.05). The training period also led to increases in mean propulsive power at 70% 1RM in VL40 (p<0.01) and VL20 (p<0.01), while mean propulsive velocity showed an increase in VL20 (p<0.05) at 70% 1 RM. Serum testosterone concentration showed an acute increase at pre training intervention in VL40 (p<0.05). Serum cortisol showed a significant decrease in the next morning samples in VL20 (p<0.05) from before to after the study. Growth hormone showed significant increases in post loading in VL40 (p<0.01) and VL20 (p<0.05), while only in VL40 (p<0.05) after the training intervention. Creatine kinase levels were elevated significantly more in the next morning samples in VL40 (p<0.05) compared to immediately post loading before and after the study. The primary findings showed that training in the group of VL40, in which subjects performed a higher average amount of reps over the training period, resulted in similar significant effects related to the development of power and velocity compared to VL20 before and after the training intervention. Therefore, performing an additional amount of fatiguing repetitions (VL40 vs. VL20) may be unnecessary for developing power, strength, and facilitating recovery in men

Gold-Catalyzed 1,2-Dicarbofunctionalization of Alkynes

Herein, we report the first gold-catalyzed 1,2-dicarbofunctionalization of alkynes using organohalides as non-prefunctionalized coupling partners. The mechanism of the reaction involves an oxidative addition/π-activation mechanism, in contrast to the migratory insertion/cis-trans isomerization pathway that is predominantly observed with other transition metals, in order to afford products with anti-selective installation of the incoming functionalities. Mechanistic insights include several control experiments, NMR studies, HR-MSMS analyses, and DFT calculations that strongly support the proposed mechanism

Acute neuromuscular and hormonal responses to 20 versus 40% velocity loss in males and females before and after 8 weeks of velocity-loss resistance training

Scientific examination of velocity-based resistance training (VBRT) has increased recently, but how males and females respond to different VBRT protocols or how these acute responses are modified after a period of training is unknown. Habitually resistance-trained males and females followed either a 20% or 40% velocity-loss program for 8 weeks. Acute squat loading tests (5 sets, 70% 1-RM load, 3 minutes rest) were performed before and after the training period. Tests of maximum neuromuscular performance and blood sampling were conducted prior to, within 10 minutes of completion (POST) and 24 hours after each acute loading test. Testing included countermovement jump, resting femoral nerve electrical stimulation, and bilateral isometric leg press. Blood samples were analysed for whole-blood lactate, serum testosterone, cortisol, growth hormone and creatine kinase concentrations. Countermovement jump height, maximum isometric bilateral leg press force, and force from 10 Hz doublet decreased in all groups at POST after 20% and 40% velocity-loss. Only males showed reduced force from 100 Hz doublet and voluntary force over 100 ms at POST before training. 40% velocity-loss led to increased blood lactate and growth hormone responses before training in both males and females. After training, more systematic and equivalent responses in force over 100 ms, force from 100 Hz doublet and blood lactate were observed regardless of sex/VBRT protocol. Overall, acute responses were greater from 40% VBRT and males were more susceptible to acute loss in force production capacity before the training period. These VBRT protocol- and sex-related differences were diminished after training.peerReviewe

Gold(I)-Catalyzed Hydroxy Group Assisted C(sp2)-H Alkylation of Enaminones with Diazo Compounds to Access 3-Alkyl Chromones

A strategy for expedient synthesis of 3-substituted chromones from easily available o-hydroxyarylenaminones and diazo compounds has been developed. Carefully conducted experimental and computational studies led us to propose an uncommon mechanistic pathway involving the hydroxyl group assisted alkylation of enaminones with in situ generated gold carbenes. © 2018 American Chemical Societ

Abstracts of National Conference on Biological, Biochemical, Biomedical, Bioenergy, and Environmental Biotechnology

This book contains the abstracts of the papers presented at the National Conference on Biological, Biochemical, Biomedical, Bioenergy, and Environmental Biotechnology (NCB4EBT-2021) Organized by the Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, India held on 29–30 January 2021. This conference is the first of its kind organized by NIT-W which covered an array of interesting topics in biotechnology. This makes it a bit special as it brings together researchers from different disciplines of biotechnology, which in turn will also open new research and cooperation fields for them. Conference Title: National Conference on Biological, Biochemical, Biomedical, Bioenergy, and Environmental BiotechnologyConference Acronym: NCB4EBT-2021Conference Date: 29–30 January 2021Conference Location: Online (Virtual Mode)Conference Organizer: Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Indi