Riemann-Langevin Particle Filtering in Track-Before-Detect

Track-before-detect (TBD) is a powerful approach that consists in providing the tracker with sensor measurements directly without pre-detection. Due to the measurement model non-linearities, online state estimation in TBD is most commonly solved via particle filtering. Existing particle filters for TBD do not incorporate measurement information in their proposal distribution. The Langevin Monte Carlo (LMC) is a sampling method whose proposal is able to exploit all available knowledge of the posterior (that is, both prior and measurement information). This letter synthesizes recent advances in LMC-based filtering to describe the Riemann-Langevin particle filter and introduces its novel application to TBD. The benefits of our approach are illustrated in a challenging low-noise scenario.Comment: Minor grammatical update

Microstructural Study of Galvanized coatings formed in Pure as well as Commercial Grade Zn Baths

The hot dip galvanizing is a complex metallurgical process wherein a steel strip is immersed in a zinc alloy bath normally between 450 and 480°C. The protective coating that is formed consists of a series of intermetallic Fe—Zn compound layers, which have been identified as gamma (r), delta (6), zeta (4) and an outer eta (T) layer, highly rich in Zn. There is no apparent delay in the formation of 4 or 6 phases (less than 5 s reaction time) in pure Zn bath as well as the commercial grade Zn bath. The gamma (I') phase is formed after an incubation time of 30 s at a bath temperature of 470°C in the pure Zn bath. The forma-tion and growth of F phase, however, is delayed in the commercial grade Zn bath. The last morphological feature is the formation of a second 4 layer at the 4/6 interface in reaction time above 30 s. Presence of Pb in the comme-rcial grade Zn bath seems to increase the overall coating thickness. Commercial grade Zn, however, enhances the dross formation in the bath and detoriates the quality of the coating. Presence of transverse cracks as well as entrapment of dross particles in these coatings is attr-ibuted to the less compact coatings that are formed in the commercial grade Zn baths. The present investigation is an effort to have a better understanding of the kinetics of growth and morphology of the coatings during the galva-nizing process in the pure as well as commercial grade Zn baths

Oxopentafluoroniobates(V)

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Association of serum-soluble heat shock protein 60 with carotid atherosclerosis: clinical significance determined in a follow-up study

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Previous work has shown that soluble heat shock protein 60 (HSP60; sHSP60), present in circulating blood, is associated with carotid atherosclerosis. In the current evaluation, we tested the hypothesis that sHSP60 levels are associated with the progression of carotid arteriosclerosis, prospectively. METHODS: The association of sHSP60 with early atherogenesis (5-year development and progression of nonstenotic carotid plaques) was investigated as part of the population-based prospective Bruneck Study. The current study focused on the follow-up period between 1995 and 2000 and, thus, included 684 subjects. RESULTS: sHSP60 levels measured in 1995 and 2000 were highly correlated (r=0.40; P<0.001), indicating consistency over a 5-year period. Circulating HSP60 levels were significantly correlated with antilipopolysaccharide and anti-HSP60 antibodies. It was also elevated in subjects with chronic infection (top quintile group of HSP60, among subjects with and without chronic infection: 23.8% versus 17.0%; P=0.003 after adjustment for age and sex). HSP60 levels were significantly associated with early atherogenesis, both in the entire population (multivariate odds ratio, for a comparison between quintile group V versus I+II: 2.0 [1.2 to 3.5] and the subgroup free of atherosclerosis at the 1995 baseline: 3.8 [1.6 to 8.9]). The risk of early atherogenesis was additionally amplified when high-sHSP60 and chronic infection were present together. CONCLUSIONS: Our study provides the first prospective data confirming an association between high levels of sHSP60 and early carotid atherosclerosis. This possibly indicates an involvement of sHSP60 in activating proinflammatory processes associated with early vessel pathology

N=2 Supersymmetric Sigma Models and D-branes

We study D-branes of N=2 supersymmetric sigma models. Supersymmetric nonlinear sigma models with 2-dimensional target space have D0,D1,D2-branes, which are realized as A-,B-type supersymmetric boundary conditions on the worldsheet. When we embed the models in the string theory, the Kahler potential is restricted and leads to a 2-dim black hole metric with a dilaton background. The D-branes in this model are susy cycles and consistent with the analysis of conjugacy classes. The generalized metrics with U(n) isometry is proposed and dynamics on them are realized by linear sigma models. We investigate D-branes of the linear sigma models and compare the results with those in the nonlinear sigma models.Comment: 23 pages, 5 figure

Current-driven orbital order-disorder transition in LaMnO3

We report significant influence of electric current on the orbital order-disorder transition in LaMnO3. The transition temperature T_OO, thermal hysteresis in the resistivity (rho) versus temperature (T) plot around T_OO, and latent heat L associated with the transition decrease with the increase in current density. Eventually, at a critical current density, L reaches zero. The transition zone, on the other hand, broadens with the increase in current density. The states at ordered, disordered, and transition zone are all found to be stable within the time window from ~10^-3 to ~10^4 seconds.Comment: 7 pages including 5 figures; resolution of Fig.1 is better here than the published versio

Distinguishing Posed and Spontaneous Smiles by Facial Dynamics

Smile is one of the key elements in identifying emotions and present state of mind of an individual. In this work, we propose a cluster of approaches to classify posed and spontaneous smiles using deep convolutional neural network (CNN) face features, local phase quantization (LPQ), dense optical flow and histogram of gradient (HOG). Eulerian Video Magnification (EVM) is used for micro-expression smile amplification along with three normalization procedures for distinguishing posed and spontaneous smiles. Although the deep CNN face model is trained with large number of face images, HOG features outperforms this model for overall face smile classification task. Using EVM to amplify micro-expressions did not have a significant impact on classification accuracy, while the normalizing facial features improved classification accuracy. Unlike many manual or semi-automatic methodologies, our approach aims to automatically classify all smiles into either `spontaneous' or `posed' categories, by using support vector machines (SVM). Experimental results on large UvA-NEMO smile database show promising results as compared to other relevant methods.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figures, ACCV 2016, Second Workshop on Spontaneous Facial Behavior Analysi

Relevance of inter-composite fermion interaction to the edge Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid

It is shown that Wen's effective theory correctly describes the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid at the edge of a system of non-interacting composite fermions. However, the weak residual interaction between composite fermions appears to be a relevant perturbation. The filling factor dependence of the Tomonaga-Luttinger parameter is estimated for interacting composite fermions in a microscopic approach and satisfactory agreement with experiment is achieved. It is suggested that the electron field operator may not have a simple representation in the effective one dimensional theory.Comment: 5 pages; accepted in Phys. Rev. Let

Erosion - Deposition in Hooghly Estuary

An attempt has been made to give an overall idea of erosion-deposition at theBalari-Haldia-Gangra reach of the Hooghly estuary in India. The sediment transport relationships developed by van Rijn and AcKers- White have been tried. Calculation of bed-load transport has beenmade based on'bed material sizes, flow conditions, depth and width of the channels, during 1993-97 Comparison of the results indicates the discrepancies between calculated and observed quantum of deposition/erosion to the extent of 0.6 to 0 :8 times in case ofvan Rijn ' sequation and 0.8 to 1.8 times incase of Ackers-White's model. Results sugges  that the Haldia-Balari channel is deteriorating due toaccumulation of sediment