Human Capital Externalities and Private Returns to Education in Kenya

We use survey data of full-time workers in Kenya to analyse the effect of human capital externalities on earnings and private returns to education. The estimation results show that education human capital generally associates with positive externalities, indicating that an increase in education benefits all workers. However, the results reveal that men benefit more from women's education than women do from men's schooling. The effects of human capital externalities on private returns to schooling are shown to vary substantially between rural and urban areas and across primary and higher levels of education.

Heavily reddened type 1 quasars at z > 2 I: Evidence for significant obscured black-hole growth at the highest quasar luminosities

We present a new population of z>2 dust-reddened, Type 1 quasars with 0.5<E(B-V)<1.5, selected using near infra-red (NIR) imaging data from the UKIDSS-LAS, ESO-VHS and WISE surveys. NIR spectra obtained using the Very Large Telescope (VLT) for 24 new objects bring our total sample of spectroscopically confirmed hyperluminous (>10^{13}L_0), high-redshift dusty quasars to 38. There is no evidence for reddened quasars having significantly different H$\alpha$ equivalent widths relative to unobscured quasars. The average black-hole masses (~10^9-10^10 M_0) and bolometric luminosities (~10^{47} erg/s) are comparable to the most luminous unobscured quasars at the same redshift, but with a tail extending to very high luminosities of ~10^{48} erg/s. Sixty-six per cent of the reddened quasars are detected at $>3\sigma$ at 22um by WISE. The average 6um rest-frame luminosity is log10(L6um/erg/s)=47.1+/-0.4, making the objects among the mid-infrared brightest AGN currently known. The extinction-corrected space-density estimate now extends over three magnitudes (-30 < M_i < -27) and demonstrates that the reddened quasar luminosity function is significantly flatter than that of the unobscured quasar population at z=2-3. At the brightest magnitudes, M_i < -29, the space density of our dust-reddened population exceeds that of unobscured quasars. A model where the probability that a quasar becomes dust-reddened increases at high luminosity is consistent with the observations and such a dependence could be explained by an increase in luminosity and extinction during AGN-fuelling phases. The properties of our obscured Type 1 quasars are distinct from the heavily obscured, Compton-thick AGN that have been identified at much fainter luminosities and we conclude that they likely correspond to a brief evolutionary phase in massive galaxy formation.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures (+ 2 appendices), Accepted for publication in MNRA

Project-Based Learning and Perceived Overlap of Self-Regulation and Project-based Learning Techniques for Students with Adverse Childhood Experiences: A Case Study

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore the perception of educators transitioning from a traditional learning environment to a project-based learning (PBL). Teachers’ perception of student self-regulation in ages from 8 to 17 were captured. Data were collected from 1-1 interviews with five participants with Missouri teacher certification ranging in grade levels from elementary to high school working with a total of 175 students within a mental health residential school throughout Missouri. Additional data were collected from daily logs, participant interviews, behavioral logs, and regulation logs from classrooms of students with the same background as teacher participants over the last four school years, 2018-22, of teachers who have taught project-based learning units. Daily logs, regulation logs, behavioral logs, and participant interview responses were manually coded twice and then coded a third time using electronic coding via NVivo to ensure bias from Dr Foster was not present. This study supports using project-based learning units with students who have a history of  adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). While study findings support the teacher perception that project-based learning activities increase self-regulation from interview responses, regulation logs, and daily logs data could not triangulate this perceived relationship. These findings support the importance of relationships with students with ACEs during PBL to increase self-regulation

Project-Based Learning and Perceived Effect on Behaviors for Students with Adverse Childhood Experiences: A Case Study

The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore the perception of educators transitioning from a traditional learning environment to a project-based learning activity environment. Teachers’ perceptions of student behaviors ranging in age from 8 to 17 were captured. Data were collected from 1-1 interviews with five participants with Missouri teacher certification ranging in grade levels from elementary to high school working with a total of 175 students within a mental health residential school for children and youth throughout Missouri. Additional data were collected from lesson reflections, lesson plans, behavioral logs, regulation logs, and supplemental data from critical incident reports from classrooms of students with the same background as teacher participants over the last four school years, 2018-22, of teachers who have taught project-based learning units. Study findings support the teacher's perception that project-based learning activities decrease negative behaviors for students with adverse childhood experiences while increasing engagement, academic skills, and self-regulation. Further, implications from these findings support that project-based learning activities increase student choice, allowing students within a residential mental health classroom to have control

Perempuan Maskulin

Penelitian tentang Perempuan Maskulin (study Kasus Kecamatan Patimpeng Kabupaten Bone).Rumusan masalah dari penelitian ini adalah Bagaimanakah Proses pembentukan karakter maskulin pada perempuan, pandangan masyarakat terhadap perempuan maskulin dan bagaimanakah implikasi sosial perempuan maskulin dalam keluarga dan masyarakat.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pandangan masyarakat terhadap perempuan yang berkarakter maskulin dan implikasi sosial perempuan maskulin. Jenis penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif ditunjang dengan pendekatan study kasus, pengumpulan data digunakan dengan cara observasi, wawancara mendalam, teknik dokumentasi dari hasil foto . Dalam penelitian ini, yang menjadi sasaran penelitian adalah pertamam perempuan yang dianggap maskulin, kedua tokoh masyarakat yang dianggap bisa memberikan informasi atau data yang sesuai dengan penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, pembentukan karakter maskulin pada perempuan dipengaruhi oleh faktor kebiasaan yang dilakukan dari kecil, dan faktor lingkungan .serta pandangan masyarakat tentang perempuan maskulin merupakan sebuah penyimpangan identitas gender manusia, walaupun demikian masyarakat menghargainya sebagaimana manusia lainnya, itu adalah hak mereka dalam menjalani hidup serta selama itu tidak melanggar norma norma dan nilai nilai yang ada dimasyarakat. Adanya perempuan maskulin memberikan implikasi sosial dikalangan masyarakat dengan memberikan stereotip

Challenges and opportunities : mergers within mergers in the context of student counselling

The University of Johannesburg was established on 1 January 2005 as a result of the merger between the Rand Afrikaans University and the Technikon Witwatersrand. The focus of this paper is not on the high-level merger aspects, but rather on the internal ‘merger within the merger’ of the various Units, Institutes, Bureaus and Divisions dealing with the psycho-social and career-focused activities within the University. The discussion is presented in a case study format, reflecting and tracking the actual merger process, from inception to implementation along tight timelines. Challenges and opportunities that have emanated as a result of the development of quality promotion processes and activities within PsyCaD are presented in terms of their significance for the promotion of quality and the operation of PsyCaD as a fully contributing Centre under the University’s strategic plan, while providing excellent service delivery, promoting entrepreneurship, supporting the implementation of new ideas, generating income and being responsive to community needs

Preservation and Development Strategies of Gorontalo\u27s Local Culture Through Gorontalo Cultural Digital Repository Application

This study aims to implement a strategy of preservation and development of Gorontalo\u27s local culture through a web based application that can store and display the digitizing results of Gorontalo\u27s local culture called “Gorontalo cultural digital repository". The Gorontalo cultural digital repository provides information about the cultures in Gorontalo such as the mores, dances, historic sites and Gorontalo\u27s cultural artifacts in the form of video, images and text. The method used in this research is applied method withresearch procedures by: 1) Exploration, is to identify and analyze the data of local Gorontalo\u27s culture that covers Gorontalo\u27s mores, dances historic sites and Gorontalo\u27s cultural artifacts. 2) The development of Gorontalo cultural digital collection, which digitize the identification and analysis result of Gorontalo\u27s local culture. 3) Gorontalo Cultural Digital Repository application development. From the result of the research found: 1) Exploration the mores of Gorontalo consist of four important aspects, namely customarywelcoming guests, traditional coronation, marriage customs and funeral customs. There are more or less 20 historic sites located in Gorontalo. There are four dances that are usually performed in the customary celebration in Gorontalo

Does value chain inclusiveness increase smallholder resilience during pandemics? Lessons from the Zambia's sugar‐belt

This paper asks whether value chain integration increases smallholder resilience during shocks. Using a qualitative research study design and the test case of the ‘sugar-belt’ in Zambia, the paper draws on interviews with participants from different stakeholder groups, including household case studies and group discussions. Results show sugarcane value chain integration enhances smallholder livelihood resilience during pandemics through its coordination arrangement, but more could be done. Indirect involvement in, and joint procurement processes of inputs between smallholders and the management company, existing ready and stable access to markets and access to Fairtrade relief funds that point to direct livelihood support proved crucial for strengthening smallholder livelihood resilience during the pandemic. There were COVID-19-related adjustments by the management company, which further increased smallholder support. However, in as much as coordination arrangements seemed to have worked well during COVID-19, smallholder livelihoods remained narrow and risky, raising the need for diversification that could strengthen sustainable resilience. This paper sheds light on how value chains could be organised to enhance pandemic recovery and build livelihood resilience. It helps us to reflect on the ‘(in)effectiveness’ of value chain institutions and the role and importance of smallholder coordination arrangements during pandemics. Ultimately, the result is a contribution to livelihood resilience thinking in value chains—one we hope is appropriate to our conjuncture