電子およびアルゴンイオン-炭化水素衝突によるフラグメントの生成機構

第一章 序論 第二章 基本的概念および解析法 第三章 電子―C_2H_2n(n=1,2,3)衝突によるCH(A^2Δ)の生成過程 第四章 Ar^+―C_2H_2n(n=1,2,3)衝突によるCH(A^2Δ)の生成過程 第五章 Ar^+―C_2H_2n(n=1,2,3)衝突による励起水素原子の生成過程 第六章 総括Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-04T00:33:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 tokeshi1.pdf: 12542635 bytes, checksum: acae5ce535d85d9a89f44a70b75873d5 (MD5) tokeshi2.pdf: 8505069 bytes, checksum: 32786874bac639d940e5b424d5a5e5e4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1997-03-2

Liposome immunoassay based on bio luminescent detection and its application to on-chip analysis

Luc-encapsulated liposomes were employed to develop on-chip immunoassays. Straight-channel chips were better than microbead for V-cup chips to immobilize several antibodies. Straight-channel chip that has PDMS flat substrate and wider channel (1000 μm) was optimum for this assay. To detect high BL intensity, fast flow rate (300 μl/min) was better than slower flow rate because channel was filled up with substrate quickly. However, substrate volume and lysis buffer didn't affect the detecttion high BL intensity. This implies that a sufficient amount of substrate was delivered to Luc in the liposomes. The LOD of CRP in this assay was 10 ng/mL

Fabrication of Functionalized Double-Lamellar Multifunctional Envelope-Type Nanodevices Using a Microfluidic Chip with a Chaotic Mixer Array

Multifunctional envelope-type nanodevices (MENDs) are very promising non-viral gene delivery vectors because they are biocompatible and enable programmed packaging of various functional elements into an individual nanostructured liposome. Conventionally MENDs have been fabricated by complicated, labor-intensive, time-consuming bulk batch methods. To avoid these problems in MEND fabrication, we adopted a microfluidic chip with a chaotic mixer array on the floor of its reaction channel. The array was composed of 69 cycles of the staggered chaotic mixer with bas-relief structures. Although the reaction channel had very large Péclet numbers (>105) favorable for laminar flows, its chaotic mixer array led to very small mixing lengths (<1.5 cm) and that allowed homogeneous mixing of MEND precursors in a short time. Using the microfluidic chip, we fabricated a double-lamellar MEND (D-MEND) composed of a condensed plasmid DNA core and a lipid bilayer membrane envelope as well as the D-MEND modified with trans-membrane peptide octaarginine. Our lab-on-a-chip approach was much simpler, faster, and more convenient for fabricating the MENDs, as compared with the conventional bulk batch approaches. Further, the physical properties of the on-chip-fabricated MENDs were comparable to or better than those of the bulk batch-fabricated MENDs. Our fabrication strategy using microfluidic chips with short mixing length reaction channels may provide practical ways for constructing more elegant liposome-based non-viral vectors that can effectively penetrate all membranes in cells and lead to high gene transfection efficiency

Micro/Nano Devices for Chemical Analysis

Since the concept of micro total analysis systems (µ-TAS) has been advocated, various kinds of micro/nano devices have been developed by researchers in many fields, such as in chemistry, chemical engineering, mechanical engineering, electric engineering, biology, and medicine, among others.[...

Quantum Dots for Single Bio-Molecule Imaging

The emerging nanomaterial, quantum dots or QDs, offers numerous potential applications in the biological area. As cell labeling probes, QDs become now an alternative of existing organic fluorescent dyes and fluorescent proteins. In this short review, we cover typical and successful applications of QDs as fluorescent probes in cell labeling and genomic diagnosis. As a future important application, biomolecular detection at a single molecule level utilizing QDs is also discussed

Quantitative Detection and Fixation of Single and Multiple Gold Nanoparticles on a Microfluidic Chip by Thermal Lens Microscope

A detection and fixation method of single and multiple gold nanoparticles on the wall of a microfluidic channel is demonstrated. A thermal lens microscope (TLM) with continuous-wave excitation (wavelength, 532 nm) and probe (wavelength, 670 nm) laser beams was used to realize the sensitive detection of heat generated by light absorption of individual gold nanoparticles (50 nm in diameter); fixation of the individual nanoparticles was realized simultaneously. The fixation mechanism was investigated and attributed to an absorption-based optical force. In addition to single nanoparticle detection, multiple-nanoparticle detection and fixation was demonstrated. An acceleration of fixation was observed when the number of fixed particles was increased. TLM is expected to be a powerful tool for both the quantitative detection and precise fixation of individual nanoparticles

Microfluidic Approaches for Protein Crystal Structure Analysis

This review summarizes two microfluidic-based protein crystallization methods, protein crystallization behavior in the microfluidic devices, and their applications for X-ray crystal structure analysis. Microfluidic devices provide many advantages for protein crystallography; they require small sample volumes, provide high-throughput screening, and allow control of the protein crystallization. A droplet-based protein crystallization method is a useful technique for high-throughput screening and the formation of a single crystal without any complicated device fabrication process. Well-based microfluidic platforms also enable effective protein crystallization. This review also summarizes the protein crystal growth behavior in microfluidic devices as, is known from viewpoints of theoretical and experimental approaches. Finally, we introduce applications of microfluidic devices for on-chip crystal structure analysis

Molecular Transport between Two Phases in a Microchannel.

Today, microfabricated devices (microchips) have attracted considerable attention because of their vast applicability and versatility. Most published reports utilizing microchips to separate and detect analysis of interest have concentrated on using electrokinetically driven separation schemes. Investigations from a different standpoint have been few in number. However, microchips offer advantages concerning the scale merits of microspace, such as a short diffusion distance and the high interface-to-volume ratio, the specific interface area; we thus considered that they are an ideal tool to study molecular transport between two different phases, i.e., solvent extraction. In the present paper, we report on the first demonstration using a microchip to study molecular between two phases

Poly(methylmethacrylate) Microchip Electrophoresis of Proteins Using Linear-poly(acrylamide) Solutions as Separation Matrix

Poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) microchip electrophoresis of sodium dodecyl sulfate-protein complexes (SDS-PC) using linear-poly(acrylamide) (L-PA) as a separation matrix was investigated. Prior to electrophoresis, channel walls of PMMA were modified with methylcellulose (MC) to prevent adsorption between channel walls and SDS-PC. Size-based protein separation (SBPS) was successfully performed using the MC-coated microchips with Ferguson plot-fittings. The entangled L-PA solution provided high resolution of peaks of SDS-PC when the concentration of L-PA was increased. Some investigations into the separation mechanism, such as the plot of the logarithm of mobility of each SDS-PC versus the logarithm of the molecular weight of the complex exhibiting linear behavior, indicated that the separation mechanism was dependent on mass discrimination, in accordance with Ogston model

Integration of Flow Injection Analysis and Zeptomole-Level Detection of the Fe(II)-<i>o</i>-Phenanthroline Complex

Microchannels having a 150×100 µm cross section were fabricated in a quartz glass chip as a component in an integrated flow injection analysis (FIA) system. They were put to use for flow, mixing, reaction, and detection. The reaction system was a chelating reaction of divalent iron ion with o-phenanthroline (o-phen), and a photothermal microscope was applied for the ultra-sensitive detection of the non-fluorescent reaction product. Nano liter levels of solutions were introduced and transported by capillary action and mixed by molecular diffusion. Zeptomole levels of the reaction product were detected quantitatively. This was the first demonstration of an on-chip chemical determination device which integrates the primitive FIA system without using electroosmotic liquid control or fluorometric determination