COMPARISON OF THE ACCELERATION PHASE OF SPRINTING BETWEEN COLLEGE SPRINTERS AND COLLEGE BASEBALL PLAYERS

The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the sprinting movement of college sprinters and college baseball players, the latter are assumed to be specialized in the acceleration phase. Twenty subjects, 10 sprinters and 10 baseball players, participated in this study. Lower limbs joint angle (hip, knee and ankle), step length, step frequency, contact time and position of the center of mass at the toe-on and the toe-off were calculated. The results indicated that the center of mass of baseball players was located behind that of sprinters at the 3rd step toe on (p 0.008). In addition, the knee joint was significantly extended at the toe-on in the baseball players at the first and the second steps .These observations indicate that baseball players tend to contact with their foot more forward, and with their knees extended, compared to sprinters

Food Pyramid for Low Carbohydrate Diet (LCD) with its Efficacy and Actual Intake

U radu je prikazan glavni projekt poslovno-stambene zgrade u Put Brodarice u Splitu. Građevina se sastoji od dva dijela, a to su niži i viši toranj s ukupno 4, odnosno 6 katova iznad prizemlja i garažom ispod zemlje kojom su tornjevi povezani. Građevina je izvedena u armiranom betonu monolitnom izvedbom s armirano-betonskim temeljima, stupovima, zidovima te armirano betonskim pločama kao međukatnim konstrukcijama. Projekt sadrži: tehnički opis konstrukcije, proračun nosivih konstrukcijskih elemenata te karakteristične građevinske nacrte.Main design of the business and residential building, which is positioned in Put Brodarice street in Split, is presented in this work. The building has two parts. There are lower and higher tower with 4 and 6 floors above the ground floor and the garage underground to which the towers are connected with. The building is made of reinforced concrete in monolithic construction with reinforced concrete foundations, walls, columns, beams and reinforced concrete plates as ceiling slabs. The project includes: technical description of the construction, calculation of bearing structural elements and characteristic construction design

Prevention of contrast-induced nephropathy by chronic pravastatin treatment in patients with cardiovascular disease and renal insufficiency

SummaryBackgroundContrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is known to increase morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease. Recent studies have shown statins prevented CIN after contrast media exposure, but optimal statin type and dosage are still unknown.PurposeThe aims of the present study were to evaluate whether chronic pravastatin treatment before scheduled coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention could reduce the incidence of CIN and to elucidate the factors related to CIN in patients with renal insufficiency.MethodsWe studied 431 consecutive patients with renal insufficiency. One hundred ninety-four patients were receiving pravastatin treatment as standard chronic treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Serum creatinine levels were measured at baseline (pre-procedure) and within 48h after contrast media exposure (peak post-procedure). CIN was defined as an increase in the serum creatinine values of ≥25% or ≥0.5mg/dl after contrast media exposure. Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the important factors related to CIN using four variables: age, pravastatin, pre-procedure serum creatinine, and contrast volume.ResultsCIN was observed in 36 patients (8.4%). Patients without pravastatin (p<0.01), high level pre-procedure serum creatinine (p<0.01), and high contrast volume (p=0.034) had a significantly higher incidence of CIN. Logistic regression analysis revealed that pravastatin treatment (χ2=6.549, p=0.011, odds ratio=0.34), pre-procedure serum creatinine (χ2=6.294, p=0.009, odds ratio=2.78), and contrast volume (χ2=4.484, p=0.034, odds ratio=1.01) were independently related to the decreased risk of CIN.ConclusionsChronic pravastatin treatment before contrast media exposure was important for preventing CIN in patients with renal insufficiency. Also, reducing the dose of contrast media was important for preventing CIN in patients with high-baseline serum creatinine levels

Less Carbohydrate Intake Increases Serum Ketone Bodies in Low Carbohydrate Diet

Background: Discussion has continued for Calorie Restriction (CR) and low carbohydrate diet (LCD). We have investigated clinical research of LCD in various states for years. Case and results: The patient was 61 year-old female with HbA1c 10.5%, BMI 21.2 kg/m2 and normal vitals and physicals. Laboratory data were Hb 15.2 g/dl, Alb 5.0 g/dL, Triglyceride 43 mg/dL, HDL-C 89 mg/dL, LDL-C 152 mg/dL, immunoreactivity insulin (IRI) 2.9 μU/mL serum C-peptide reactivity (s-CPR) 1.0 ng/mL, total ketone bodies (T-KB) 3081 μmol/L (28-120), acetoacetic acid (AcAc) 300 μmol/L (14-68), 3-hydroxybutyric acid (3-OHBA) 2781 μmol/L (0-74) Autoantibodies were negative for Glutamate decarboxylase (GADA) or Islet cell (IA-2). She was diagnosed as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and started super LCD formula meal with 12% of carbohydrate, and recorded carbohydrate amount about 20-40g per day. HbA1c value was 8.1% and 6.6% in 2 and 4 months, respectively. Significant relationship was shown between carbohydrate intake and hyperketonemia. AcAc/T-KB ratio was 15-20% and around 10%, when T-KB is less than 1000 μmol/L and more than 1000 μmol/L, respectively. Discussion and conclusion: Authors have proposed 3 types of LCD, which are petit, standard and super, with 40%, 26%, 12% of carbohydrate ratio. Continuing super- LCD usually brings elevated ketone bodies, which might have beneficial function for maintaining the health and anti-aging medicine. Currently obtained results would become the fundamental data and suppose future directions and recommendations for research of ketone bodies in low carbohydrate diet

Astrometry of Galactic Star Forming Region Sharpless 269 with VERA : Parallax Measurements and Constraint on Outer Rotation Curve

We have performed high-precision astrometry of H2O maser sources in Galactic star forming region Sharpless 269 (S269) with VERA. We have successfully detected a trigonometric parallax of 189+/-8 micro-arcsec, corresponding to the source distance of 5.28 +0.24/-0.22 kpc. This is the smallest parallax ever measured, and the first one detected beyond 5 kpc. The source distance as well as proper motions are used to constrain the outer rotation curve of the Galaxy, demonstrating that the difference of rotation velocities at the Sun and at S269 (which is 13.1 kpc away from the Galaxy's center) is less than 3%. This gives the strongest constraint on the flatness of the outer rotation curve and provides a direct confirmation on the existence of large amount of dark matter in the Galaxy's outer disk.Comment: 7 pages and 4 figures, Accepted by PASJ (Vol. 59, No. 5, October 25, 2007 issue

Angle-resolved photoemission study of MX-chain compound [Ni(chxn)2_2Br]Br2_2

We report on the results of angle-resolved photoemission experiments on a quasi-one-dimensional $MX$-chain compound [Ni(chxn)$_2$Br]Br$_2$ (chxn = 1$R$,2$R$-cyclohexanediamine), a one-dimensional Heisenberg system with $S=1/2$ and $J \sim 3600$ K, which shows a gigantic non-linear optical effect. A "band" having about 500 meV energy dispersion is found in the first half of the Brillouin zone $(0\le kb/\pi <1/2)$, but disappears at $kb / \pi \sim 1/2$. Two dispersive features, expected from the spin-charge separation, as have been observed in other quasi-one-dimensional systems like Sr$_2$CuO$_3$, are not detected. These characteristic features are well reproduced by the $d$-$p$ chain model calculations with a small charge-transfer energy $\Delta$ compared with that of one-dimensional Cu-O based compounds. We propose that this smaller $\Delta$ is the origin of the absence of clear spin- and charge-separation in the photoemission spectra and strong non-linear optical effect in [Ni(chxn)$_2$Br]Br$_2$.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure