Targets for the prevention of comorbidity of cardiovascular and cancer diseases

Cardiovascular and cancer diseases are an urgent problem in medicine due to their high prevalence and adult mortality throughout the world. The review article discusses important aspects of the comorbidity of cardiovascular and cancer diseases. In particular, epidemiological aspects and general risk factors are analyzed. Modern view on the main issues of primary and secondary prevention of the combination of these diseases is presented

Pressure Raman effects and internal stress in network glasses

Raman scattering from binary GexSe1-x glasses under hydrostatic pressure shows onset of a steady increase in the frequency of modes of corner-sharing GeSe4 tetrahedral units when the external pressure P exceeds a threshold value Pc. The threshold pressure Pc(x) decreases with x in the 0.15 < x < 0.20 range, nearly vanishes in the 0.20 < x < 0.25 range, and then increases in the 0.25 < x < 1/3 range. These Pc(x) trends closely track those in the non-reversing enthalpy, DHnr(x), near glass transitions (Tgs), and in particular, both DHnr(x) and Pc(x) vanish in the reversibility window (0.20 < x < 0.25). It is suggested that Pc provides a measure of stress at the Raman active units; and its vanishing in the reversibility window suggests that these units are part of an isostatically rigid backbone. Isostaticity also accounts for the non-aging behavior of glasses observed in the reversibility window

Structure, bonding and morphology of hydrothermally synthesised xonotlite

The authors have systematically investigated the role of synthesis conditions upon the structure and morphology of xonotlite. Starting with a mechanochemically prepared, semicrystalline phase with Ca/Si=1, the authors have prepared a series of xonotlite samples hydrothermally, at temperatures between 200 and 250 degrees C. Analysis in each case was by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, environmental scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The authors’ use of a much lower water/solid ratio has indirectly confirmed the ‘through solution’ mechanism of xonotlite formation, where silicate dissolution is a key precursor of xonotlite formation. Concerning the role of temperature, too low a temperature (~200 degrees C) fails to yield xonotlite or leads to increased number of structural defects in the silicate chains of xonotlite and too high a temperature (>250 degrees C) leads to degradation of the xonotlite structure, through leaching of interchain calcium. Synthesis duration meanwhile leads to increased silicate polymerisation due to diminishing of the defects in the silicate chains and more perfect crystal morphologies

Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of a peptide-containing drug and polyoxydonium in the treatment of chronic parodontitis

Currently, the available methods of treating parodontitis are not able to have a complex effect. Therefore, in recent years, there has been an active search and development of new methods of treatment and new drugs that have a complex etiopathogenetic effect on this disease. This article provides a comparative evaluation of the classical and experimental methods of treating chronic periodontitis. Based on the reconstruction of an experimental model of chronic inflammation of periodontal tissues of the Wistar rat line, we compared methods of topical therapy by “Organosilicon Glycerohydrogel – Peptide” and “Polyoxidonium” compositions. A comparative assessment of the activity of these drugs with control groups, which were treated with “Organosilicon Glycerohydrogel” and “Metrogyl Denta”, was carried out. Previously, we carried out separate studies of the effectiveness of the use of the composition “organosilicon glycerohydrogel – peptide”, as well as the method of treatment of periodontitis, by injecting the drug “Polyoxidonium”. They have been compared with the classic treatment for this disease to obtain relevant data and results. In our opinion, the data obtained are of considerable interest. The assessment and comparison of clinical and histological data have been carried out, which showed that all drugs had a positive effect on the processes of tissue regeneration. However, the composition “Organosilicon Glycerohydrogel-peptide”, due to the characteristics of the hydrogel, which is acting as a transcutaneous conductor, showed a faster antimicrobial and pathogenetic effect, which allows a comprehensive approach to solving this problem. In comparison with the groups of “Organosilicon Glycerohydrogel” and “Polyoxidonium”, the period of clinical improvement increased by 57% in the group of “Glycerohydrogel-Peptide”, and, in the “Metrogyl Denta” group, the indicators improved by 15% approximately

Efficacy of application of a human placenta hydrolysate in prophylaxis of the intestinal anastomoses sutures insufficiency

Objective. Studying of impact of a human placenta hydrolysate on regeneration of intestinal anastomosis and prophylaxis of their sutures insufficiency. Materials and methods. Experimental investigations were conducted on two groups of rabbits. In every group a simulation model of an acute strangulation ileus was created. In a one day a relaparotomy, resection of necrotized intestinal segments with anastomosing in a “side-to-side” fashion were done in rabbits of both groups. After the operation the control group rabbits have obtained a standard treatment, while in the main group the rabbits together with a standard treatment have obtained a human placenta hydrolysate preparation «Laennec». On the days 3, 5, 7 and 15th the according intestinal segments were probed for morpho-histochemical investigations. Clinical investigations were conducted in 122 patients, consisting of resection of intestinal segments with formation of anastomoses. The control group consisted of 60 patients, and the main one – in 62. The data of the control group were studied retrospectively. In the main group the patients, together with a standard treatment, a human placenta hydrolysate in a form of preparation “Laennec” was applied for prophylaxis of insufficiency of the intestinal anastomoses sutures. Results. Basing on experimental results it may be stressed, that application of preparation «Laennec» strengthens regeneration and angiogenesis in zone of anastomosis, because in animals of the main group, comparing with a control one, high mitotic index, good angiogenesis and the motor-evacuation function integrity were noted. In clinical practice the anastomotic sutures insufficiency in the control group have occurred in 13.3% of observations, and in the main group – in 1.6% of observations. Conclusion. Application of the human placenta hydrolysate for prophylaxis of the sutures insufficiency in intestinal anastomoses is affordable due to successive clinical and experimental data obtained

Application of stem cells in guided bone regeneration

Modern medicine allows us to study and develop materials and methods of restorative treatment that would be based on the immunological mechanisms of bone repair. One of the promising directions in guided bone regeneration is the use of mesenchymal stem cells. Interest in MSCs is associated with their ability to regulate the inflammatory process, and directly participate in the formation of new bone structures, thereby providing a physiological repair process. The effector impact of MSCs on the inflammatory process due to their ability to form a specific microenvironment. Low expression of MHC-II and CD80/CD86, the production of PGE2 and NO determines their low immunoconflict, and the production of TGF-b1, IDO and IL-10 has an immunomodulating effect. The ability of MSCs to differentiate into an osteogenic phenotype is accompanied with the synthesis of ALP, BSP and, subsequently, Gla-protein and OPN determine the synthesis of the extracellular matrix and its subsequent mineralization. This process is provided by the action of Runx2, which activates the differentiation of MSCs along the osteogenic pathway. These effects of MSCs were taken as the basis for the development of a new method for the treatment of bone atrophy. To accomplish the task set, a model of bone tissue atrophy and a drug containing MSCs was developed, and an experimental study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of the developed methodology. As the main criteria, data from clinical and laboratory studies were taken. Visual changes in the studied area were taken into account, compared with a similar area in the developed model of atrophy, the parameters of the complete blood count (CBC) were evaluated. The performed study allows us to determine the developed treatment method as capable of fully recreating the conditions of bone repair processes, taking into account the optimization of the body’s immune reactions and repair processes, without additional external influence, to obtain predictable and controllable results

Weak Boson Production Amplitude Zeros; Equalities of the Helicity Amplitudes

We investigate the radiation amplitude zeros exhibited by many Standard Model amplitudes for triple weak gauge boson production processes. We show that $WZ\gamma$ production amplitudes have especially rich structure in terms of zeros, these amplitudes have zeros originating from several different sources. It is also shown that TYPE I current null zone is the special case of the equality of the specific helicity amplitudes.Comment: 27 pages, 12 figures, 2 table

ИММУНОКОМПРОМЕТАЦИЯ ЛИЦ ИЗ ГРУПП С ВЫСОКИМ РИСКОМ ПАРЕНТЕРАЛЬНОГО ИНФИЦИРОВАНИЯ ВИРУCАМИ ГЕПАТИТОВ В И С: МЕХАНИЗМЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ И КЛИНИКО-ПАТОГЕНЕТИЧЕСКОЕ ЗНАЧЕНИЕ

The paper contains data demonstrated that majority of persons belonged to groups with high risk of parenteral contamination with hepatitis B and C viruses yet before contamination with these viruses have complex of immunological disorders. In the article is presented the data reflecting main causes of these disorders development at different categories of such persons and main aspects of their pathogenetical and clinical significance are discussed.Статья содеpжит данные, демонстpи pующие, что у большинства лиц, относящихся к гpуппам с высоким pиском паpентеpального инфициpования ви pусами гепатита В и С, еще до их инфициpования этими виpусами выявляется комплекс им му нологических наpушений. Также пpедставлены данные, отpажающие важнейшие пpичины фоpмиpования этих наpушений у pазных категоpий таких лиц и обсуждены основные аспекты их патогенетического и клинического значения