Machine Learning of Coq Proof Guidance: First Experiments

We report the results of the first experiments with learning proof dependencies from the formalizations done with the Coq system. We explain the process of obtaining the dependencies from the Coq proofs, the characterization of formulas that is used for the learning, and the evaluation method. Various machine learning methods are compared on a dataset of 5021 toplevel Coq proofs coming from the CoRN repository. The best resulting method covers on average 75% of the needed proof dependencies among the first 100 predictions, which is a comparable performance of such initial experiments on other large-theory corpora

Surface Fluctuations of an Aging Colloidal Suspension: Evidence for Intermittent Quakes

We present measurements of the thermal fluctuations of the free surface of an aging colloidal suspension, Laponite. The technique consists in measuring the fluctuations of the position of a laser beam that reflects from the free surface. Analysing the data statistics, we show that, as the fluid ages, the dynamics becomes intermittent. The intermittent events correspond to large changes in the local slope of the free surface over a few milliseconds. We show that those quakes are uncorrelated, although they are kept in memory by the surface over short time scales

linguistic diversity in the English classroom in Finland

Abstract. This study takes a superficial look at English as it is taught to the linguistically diverse classroom and how linguistically diverse students are supported and their language repertoires utilized. This is done by interviewing an English teacher who teaches in an International Baccalaureate school and by comparing the results to the author’s previous studies on the subject. The previous studies take place in a mainstream Finnish school and in another International Baccalaureate school, and were conducted by observation and supplemented with informal discussions with the teachers. Comparing a mainstream Finnish school and IB schools allows for a more comprehensive understanding of effective teaching practices and those needing further development. The findings indicate a need for the improvement of the national core curriculum to take linguistically diverse students into account, and of teaching materials. Monikielisyys englannin oppitunnilla Suomessa. Tiivistelmä. Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan englannin opetusta monikieliselle luokalle ja sitä, miten monikielisiä oppilaita tuetaan ja heidän kieliosaamistaan hyödynnetään. Tutkimus suoritettiin haastattelemalla International Baccalaureate-linjalla opettavaa englannin opettajaa ja vertailemalla tuloksia edellisiin tutkimuksiin. Edelliset tutkimukset suoritettiin suomenkielisessä peruskoulussa sekä International Baccalaureate-koulussa ja niissä käytettiin luokkahuoneen havainnointia ja keskustelua opettajien kanssa tutkimusmetodeina. Vertailemalla suomenkielistä koulua ja International Baccalaureate-koulua saadaan kokonaisvaltainen kuva toimivista ja kehittämistä vaativista opetuskäytännöistä. Tulokset osoittavat, että perusopetuksen opetussuunnitelman perusteet vaativat täydennystä ja parantamista ottaakseen huomioon monikieliset oppilaat, ja että opetusmateriaaleissa on parantamisen varaa

Daily Activity Patterns of 2,316 Men and Women from Five Countries Differing in Socioeconomic Development

Daily rhythmicity in the locomotor activity of laboratory animals has been studied in great detail for many decades, but the daily pattern of locomotor activity has not received as much attention in humans. We collected waist-worn accelerometer data from more than 2,000 individuals from five countries differing in socioeconomic development and conducted a detailed analysis of human locomotor activity. Body mass index was computed from height and weight. Individual activity records lasting 7 days were subjected to cosinor analysis to determine the parameters of the daily activity rhythm: mesor (mean level), amplitude (half the range of excursion), acrophase (time of the peak), and robustness (rhythm strength). The activity records of all individual participants exhibited statistically significant 24-hour rhythmicity, with activity increasing noticeably a few hours after sunrise and dropping off around the time of sunset, with a peak at 1:42 pm on average. The acrophase of the daily rhythm was comparable in men and women in each country but varied by as much as 3 h from country to country. Quantification of the socioeconomic stages of the five countries yielded suggestive evidence that more developed countries have more obese residents, who are less active, and who are active later in the day than residents from less developed countries. These results provide a detailed characterization of the daily activity pattern of individual human beings and reveal similarities and differences among people from five countries differing in socioeconomic development

Strong uniform convergence rates of the linear wavelet estimator of a multivariate copula density

In this paper, we investigate the almost sure convergence, in supremum norm, of the rank-based linear wavelet estimator for a multivariate copula density. Based on empirical process tools, we prove a uniform limit law for the deviation, from its expectation, of an oracle estimator (obtained for known margins), from which we derive the exact convergence rate of the rank-based linear estimator. This rate reveals to be optimal in a minimax sense over Besov balls for the supremum norm loss, whenever the resolution level is suitably chosen.Comment: 23 page

Geogenic and anthropogenic contamination of groundwater in a fragile eco-friendly region of southern Kerala, India

Received: January 25th, 2022 ; Accepted: March 1st, 2022 ; Published: March 17th, 2022 ; Correspondence: [email protected] environmentally fragile regions that rely solely on groundwater resources, the hazards to the environment and human health are amplified by geogenic and anthropogenic pollution through the supply and use of groundwater for drinking and irrigation use. Groundwater from borewells in the study area was evaluated through hydrogeochemical analysis of 17 parameters in 2018 and 2019 across three seasons: pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon. The study area, Kainakary, a fragile eco-friendly area in South India, was specifically chosen, as agriculture is the predominant anthropogenic activity in the region and other anthropogenic activities with known negative effects are negligible compared to other parts of India. Despite diligent attention paid to sustainable practices in Kainakary, iron, fluoride, and ammonia components in groundwater exceeded the permissible limits stipulated by the World Health Organization and Indian drinking water standards. Significant need for water resources due to below sea level farming practices of rice cultivation and potable water requirements result in over-extraction of groundwater, an inevitable cause of geogenic pollution. Anthropogenic pollution of groundwater sources was evidenced by the presence of coliform bacteria in samples. Determining the origins of major geogenic and anthropogenic pollutants, as well as understanding irrigation use patterns, play a key role in mitigating the overuse of groundwater sources. This study contributes to evolving strategies for reducing geogenic and anthropogenic pollution and for groundwater management in ecologically fragile areas toward achieving Sustainable Development Goal 12, which focuses on responsible consumption and production

Dependencies in Formal Mathematics: Applications and Extraction for Coq and Mizar

Two methods for extracting detailed formal dependencies from the Coq and Mizar system are presented and compared. The methods are used for dependency extraction from two large mathematical repositories: the Coq Repository at Nijmegen and the Mizar Mathematical Library. Several applications of the detailed dependency analysis are described and proposed. Motivated by the different applications, we discuss the various kinds of dependencies that we are interested in,and the suitability of various dependency extraction methods

Quand la traduction sort de sa TORpeur

Le bon fonctionnement de la cellule dépend du contrôle fin des mécanismes transcriptionnels et traductionnels. De nombreuses études ont établi que les dérèglements transcriptionnels peuvent être à l’origine de maladies telles que le cancer, l’obésité et le diabète. Depuis une décennie, le rôle de la traduction des ARNm dans certaines de ces pathologies et son contrôle par la voie PI3K/Akt/mTOR a été démontré. La rapamycine, inhibiteur spécifique de mTOR, présente une forte activité anti-proliférative dans plusieurs types de cancer. De récentes études démontrent qu’elle pourrait potentiellement être efficace dans le traitement de l’obésité et du diabète. La rapamycine et ses analogues semblent donc destinés à un avenir prometteur.Gene regulation by transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms is implicated in the regulation of cellular homeostasis. Transcriptional deregulation has been largely documented in the etiology of diseases such as cancer, obesity and diabetes. During the past decade, the control of translation initiation by the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in the development of these pathologies has been documented. Rapamycin, a specific inhibitor of mTOR, demonstrates considerable anti-proliferative activity against numerous cancer types. Recent studies also demonstrated that rapamycin may be beneficial in the treatment of obesity and diabetes. Rapamycin and its analogs seem destined for a promising future and will help in the development of novel therapeutic strategies

Multi-scale statistical approach of the elastic and thermal behavior of a thermoplastic polyamid glass fiber composite

International audienceThe strong heterogeneity and the anisotropy of composite materials require a rigorous and precise analysis as a result of their impact on local properties. First, mechanical tests are performed to determine the macroscopical behavior of a polyamid glass fiber composite. Then we focus on the influence of the heterogeneities of the microstructure on thermal and mechanical properties from finite element calculations on the real microstructure, after plane strain assumptions. 100 images in 10 different sizes (50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, 400, 450, 600 pixels) are analysed. The influence of the area fraction and the spatial arrangement of fibers is then established. For the thermal conductivity and the bulk modulus the fiber area fraction is the most important factor. These properties are improved by increasing the area fraction. On the other hand, for the shear modulus, the fibers spatial arrangement plays the paramount role if the size of the microstructure is smaller than the RVE. Therefore, to make a good prediction from a multi-scale approach the knowledge of the RVE is fundamental. By a statistical approach and a numerical homogenization method, we determine the RVE of the composite for the elastic behavior (shear and bulk moduli), the thermal behavior (thermal conductivity), and for the area fraction. There is a relatively good agreement between the effective properties of this RVE and the experimental macroscopical behavior. These effective properties are estimated by the Hashin-Shtrikman lower bound