Deaf students and problem solving in mathematics

Currently, there exists a gap between findings in the research in mathematics education of deaf students and subsequent changes in educational settings for deaf students. Problem solving skills has become an area of particular concern. Deaf students\u27 performance on problem solving tasks and word problems falls below that of their hearing counterparts. The research into the causes is organized into four broad categories: language and communication, semantic and conceptual understanding or cognition, the effects of educational environment or experience, and testing of proposed strategies. The implications of these research including reading, vocabulary, conceptual understanding, teacher preparation, incorporation of the Standards, technology, problem-solving skills strategies, and cognitive education are discussed as are recommendations for future research. The creation of an on-line resource to provide teachers with easy and fast access to research findings in the field of problem solving for deaf students as well as concrete ways to incorporate these findings in their instructional methods is suggested

The Concept of Identifiability in ML Models

Recent research indicates that the machine learning process can be reversed by adversarial attacks. These attacks can be used to derive personal information from the training. The supposedly anonymising machine learning process represents a process of pseudonymisation and is, therefore, subject to technical and organisational measures. Consequently, the unexamined belief in anonymisation as a guarantor for privacy cannot be easily upheld. It is, therefore, crucial to measure privacy through the lens of adversarial attacks and precisely distinguish what is meant by personal data and non-personal data and above all determine whether ML models represent pseudonyms from the training data

Investigation of the Role of TNF-α Converting Enzyme (TACE) in the Inhibition of Cell Surface and Soluble TNF-α Production by Acute Ethanol Exposure

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a fundamental role in the immune system by detecting pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) to sense host infection. Ethanol at doses relevant for humans inhibits the pathogen induced cytokine response mediated through TLRs. The current study was designed to investigate the mechanisms of this effect by determining whether ethanol inhibits TLR3 and TLR4 mediated TNF-α secretion through inhibition of transcription factor activation or post-transcriptional effects. In NF-κB reporter mice, activation of NF-κB in vivo by LPS was inhibited by ethanol (LPS alone yielded 170,000±35,300 arbitrary units of light emission; LPS plus ethanol yielded 56,120±16880, p = 0.04). Inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide revealed that poly I:C- or LPS-induced secreted TNF-α is synthesized de novo, not released from cellular stores. Using real time RT-PCR, we found inhibition of LPS and poly I:C induced TNF-α gene transcription by ethanol. Using an inhibitor of tumor necrosis factor alpha converting enzyme (TACE), we found that shedding caused by TACE is a prerequisite for TNF-α release after pathogen challenge. Flow cytometry was used to investigate if ethanol decreases TNF-α secretion by inhibition of TACE. In cells treated with LPS, ethanol decreased both TNF-α cell surface expression and secretion. For example, 4.69±0.60% of untreated cells were positive for cell surface TNF-α, LPS increased this to 25.18±0.85%, which was inhibited by ethanol (86.8 mM) to 14.29±0.39% and increased by a TACE inhibitor to 57.88±0.62%. In contrast, cells treated with poly I:C had decreased secretion of TNF-α but not cell surface expression. There was some evidence for inhibition of TACE by ethanol in the case of LPS, but decreased TNF-α gene expression seems to be the major mechanism of ethanol action in this system

Regarding the case of Elfriede Jelinek

12 A4 pages in pdf format

Globale Kulturen - Kulturen der Globalisierung

Please help populate SUNScholar with the full text of SU research output. Also - should you need this item urgently, please send us the details and we will try to get hold of the full text as quick possible. E-mail to [email protected]. Thank you.Lettere En WysbegeerteModerne Vreemde Tal

Note sur l'origine du mot Kabyle

de Maltzan Henri. Note sur l'origine du mot Kabyle. In: Le Globe. Revue genevoise de géographie, tome 11, 1872. pp. 213-214

Structural changes in the cells of some bacteria during population growth: a fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance study

Structural changes occurring in the cells of several bacteria during their growth curves have been investigated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy using the sampling technique of attenuated total reflectance (ATR). Spectra reflect all of the components of the cells including the cell walls, cell membranes, internal structures and the cytoplasm. The bacteria studied were Bacillus stearothermophilus, Halobacterium salinarium, Halococcus morrhuae and Acetobacter aceti. All species showed significant spectral changes during their growth curves, indicating structural changes in the cells during increases in cell numbers. The major change for B. stearothermophilus was in the lipid content which was at a maximum during the exponential phase of the growth curve. For the halophiles H. salinarium and H. morrhuae the major change was that the concentration of sulfate ion in the cells varied during the growth curve and was at a maximum during the mid-part of the exponential phase of the growth curve. A. aceti cells showed increasing polysaccharide content during the growth curve as well as maximum lipid content during the exponential phase of growth