Effect of the state of stress on the strain-induced martensite formation in 03Kh14N11K5M2YuT steel

The structural changes that occur in a metastable austenitic Fe-Cr-Ni-based steel during cold plastic deformation by drawing and tension are analyzed. A relation between the structure of the steel and its mechanical and magnetic properties is established. It is concluded that the stress state scheme considerably affects the rate of martensite formation. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

HEALTH-SAVING PRACTICES OF YOUNG PEOPLE UNDER PANDEMIC CONDITIONS: A PILOT STUDY

Background. In the context of the pandemic, the issue of maintaining and developing health by the younger generation, who create new health-saving practices, has been actualized. The aim. An analysis of the health saving practices of young people in a large industrial city. Materials and methods. The method of collecting information was an online survey of young people in Yekaterinburg (n = 120). Also 37 semi-formalized interviews were conducted. Results. The young generation highly evaluates their health (69 %); 56 % are self-treated. At the same time, 93 % trust the system of medical care, doctors, and prescribed medications. 90 % ofrespondents during the pandemic paid more attention to personal hygiene. 2/3 try to control stress. 51 % take vitamins. The interviewees try to exclude crowded places. Pandemic transforms perceptions of the body, which prescribes functionality and performance. Conclusions. The“repertoire”ofhealth-saving practices in the conditions ofthe pandemic changes. “Methodofaddition”is representedby actualization of personalhygiene withthe use of personal protective equipment, online communications, taking vitamins.“Exclusion method”refers to avoidcrowdedplaces. Among the respondents there are roughly equalproportions of young people who supportanddo notsupport vaccination, as wellas those who are neutralaboutit. The body is seen as a functional resource that can “work” in the conditions of the “new normality”. © 2022 Economic Research Institute, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved

The use of modern ICT as tools for development of learning communication in the contemporary university

The article presents a problem-projective study, which is aimed at pedagogical modeling of the introduction modern ICT in the university educational process. The authors explore the idea that the use of modern ICT at the university should ensure the development of a variety of learning communications. This type of complex communications are a cumulative set of methods, channels, techniques, modes and formats for transportation of knowledge that form the information environment of students trainin

Features of shear transformation texture in seamless pipes

Microstructure and texture in seamless 0.08C-Cr-Mo-V, 0.25C-Cr-Mo-V-Nb, 0.08-13Cr-3Ni-Mo-V-Nb, and 18Cr-9Ni steel pipes are studied in the as-rolled and heat-treated states using orientation EBSD microscopy. It has been found that all types of microstructure (ferrite, martensite, and bainite) in products, both after hot rolling and after heat treatment, have well-defined axial crystallographic texture, where the direction is predominately perpendicular to the pipe surface. It is demonstrated that texture formation in heat-treated states is inherited due to the following factors important for the rules of orientation selection during the γ→α phase transformation: 1) occurrence of stable orientation of austenite grains resulted from straining; 2) special misorientation (boundaries) of austenite grains where transformation starts; 3) orientation relationships known for phase transformation; 4) thermal stresses in a product, formed during cooling. The latter can be considered as factor determining special texture in seamless steel pipes. © 2018 Author(s)

Оптимизация интенсивной терапии сепсиса на основе клинико-статистической модели PIRO

Objective: to develop a variant of the clinicostatistical model PIRO, by making retrospective and prospective analyses of cases of sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock, to carry out its clinical trial, and to estimate its prognostic value and expert capacities. Subjects and methods. Critically ill patients with multiple organ dysfunctions, who had signs of an active systemic inflammatory response by the ACCP/SCCM criteria (1992), the severity of the underlying condition of an APACHE II Score of 10 or more, and manifestations of multiple organ dysfunctions by the SOFA scale, were enrolled for the study. Among them, the men and women were 69 and 57%, respectively; their mean age was 42.0±1.6 years. While developing a variant of the PIRO model, the authors determined the domains of its parameters as values in the presence of these or those signs of premorbidity (Charlson Comorbidity Index, 1987), infection (the classification worked out by R. A. Weinstein in 2001 and modified by the author), a systemic response to infection (the classical signs of SIRD and the diagnostic markers of sepsis, proposed by M. M. Levy et al. (SSC), multiple organ dysfunctions/failures (SOFA scale) in a specific patient. Results. The data given in the present paper suggest that the use of the new diagnostic markers of sepsis in addition to the classical criteria of SIRS allowed its diagnosis to be made in the highly specific fashion; the PIRO model variant designed by the authors has heuristic, predictive, and expert capacities; it made it possible to reliably determine the outcome of the disease at an early stages of sepsis, by using the basic parameters affecting the progression and outcome of the disease and to establish that the patients who had experienced a septic episode had persistent organ dysfunction, more severe premorbid state, and poorer quality of life. Conclusion. The application of the PIRO model makes it possible not only to choose a timely and full intensive therapy strategy, but also to prevent the progression of persistent organ dysfunction/failure after a sustained septic episode. Key words: sepsis, multiple organ dysfunction, PIRO system.Цель исследования — на основании ретроспективного и проспективного анализа случаев сепсиса, тяжелого сепсиса и септического шока разработать вариант клинико-статистической модели PIRO, провести клиническую апробацию, оценить прогностическое значение и экспертные возможности. Материал и методы. Для исследования отбирали пациентов в критическом состоянии и с наличием полиорганной недостаточности: мужчин — 69%, женщин — 57%; средний возраст больных 42,0±1,6 лет с признаками активного системного воспалительного ответа по критериям ACCP/SCCM (1992), тяжестью исходного состояния по шкале АРАСНЕ ІІ 10 и более баллов, проявлениями полиорганной недостаточности по шкале SOFA. При разработке варианта модели PIRO определены домены ее параметров как числовые значения при наличии тех или других признаков: преморбидного фона (Charlson Comorbidity Index, 1987), инфекции (классификация R. A. Weinstein, 2001 в модификации автора), системного ответа организма на инфекцию (классические признаки SIRS и диагностические маркеры сепсиса, предложенные M. M. Levy et al. (SSC)), полиорганной дисфункции — недостаточности (шкала SOFA) у конкретного пациента. Результаты. Данные, представленные в настоящей работе свидетельствуют о том, что использование новых диагностических маркеров сепсиса в дополнение к классическим критериям SIRS позволило высокоспецифично проводить его диагностику; созданный нами вариант модели PIRO имеет эвристические, прогностические и экспертные возможности; позволил на ранних этапах септического процесса достоверно определить исход заболевания, используя основные параметры, влияющие на тяжесть течения заболевания и исход; установить, что у больных, перенесших септический эпизод, присутствует персистирующая органная дисфункция, усиливается тяжесть преморбидного состояния, снижается качество жизни. Заключение. Использование модели PIRO позволяет не только вовремя и полно выбрать стратегию интенсивной терапии у пациентов с сепсисом, но и профилактировать возникновение, предотвращать прогресс персистирующей органной дисфункции — недостаточности после перенесенного септического эпизода. Ключевые слова: сепсис, полиорганная недостаточность, система PIRO

PRODUCTION OF HIGH-STRENGTH CORROSION RESISTANT AUSTENITIC STEEL

FIELD: metallurgy; production of high-strength corrosion-resistant austenitic steel.SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the field of metallurgy, in particular, to a production of high-strength corrosion-resistant austenitic steel used for production of elastic elements. The corrosion-resistant austenitic steel contains components in the following ratio (in mass %): carbon - up to 0.03; chromium - up to 8-25; nickel - up to 5-18; cobalt - up to 1.5 - 10; molybdenum - up to 0.8 - 6.0; titanium - up to 0.5 - 1.02; aluminum - up to 0.4 - 6.02; lanthanum or calcium - up to 0.005 - 0.15; iron - the rest. The technical effect of the invention is an increase of the tensile strength of the high-strength corrosion-resistant austenitic steel up to 2600 MPa.EFFECT: the invention ensures an increase of the tensile strength of the high-strength corrosion-resistant austenitic steel up to 2600 Mpa.1 ex.Изобретение относится к металлургии, в частности к получению высокопрочной теплостойкой проволоки из коррозионно-стойкой аустенитной стали для изготовления упругих элементов. Коррозионно-стойкая аустенитная сталь содержит компоненты в следующем соотношении в мас.%: углерод до 0,03; хром 8-25; никель 5-18; кобальт 1,5-10; молибден 0,8-6,0; титан 0,5-1,02; алюминий 0,4-6,02; лантан или кальций 0,005-0,15; железо - остальное. Техническим результатом изобретения является повышение прочности на разрыв до 2600 МПа

Diagnosis and Treatment of Temporomandibular Arthrosis: a Clinical Case

Background. Complexity of anatomical structure, diversity of clinical pattern, lack of a unified theory of etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of this pathology, individual aspects of the course of the disease complicate the diagnosis and choice of relevant treatment for patients with various nosological forms of the temporomandibular joint diseases.Clinical case description. Patient P., 32 years-old, went to the clinic of orthopaedic dentistry with complaints of noise phenomena in the temporomandibular joint (clicks in the joint area have been registered for five years, the noise increased six months ago), dental crowding, absence of tooth 3.5. The patient underwent clinical examination with creating diagnostic models, electromyography of the masticatory muscles, axiography, computed tomography and MRI of the temporomandibular joint. Through computed magnetic resonance imaging of the temporomandibular joint, electromyography and axiography the patient was accurately diagnosed with deforming arthrosis of the temporomandibular joint complicated by dislocation of the intra-articular disc. A therapeutic-diagnostic plastic milled splint on the mandible was implemented. Dynamic observation during treatment was carried out. The effect of the treatment was observed after three months. The control cone-beam computed tomography of the temporomandibular joint showed positive dynamics in the form of an even expansion of all regions of the joint cavity on both sides, centered position of the heads of mandible in the mandibular fossa, but the cortical bone destruction of the upper contour of the mandibular head on the left was still present. After six months of treatment, electromyograms showed a decrease in bioelectrical activity at rest and an increase in bioelectrical activity during chewing on all the masticatory muscles within normal limits. The re-examination after six months revealed smoother vertical movements of the lower jaw, an increase in the amplitude of laterotrusion and protrusion, their symmetry, no “blockage” of lower jaw movements.Conclusion. An integrated application of radiologic imaging, electromyography and axiography in the diagnosis of temporomandibular joint diseases is crucial for objective analysis of the results, assessment of the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the masticatory muscles and lower jaw movements, which ultimately determines the optimal patient surveillance and controlled treatment outcomes

ИШЕМИЧЕСКИЙ ИНСУЛЬТ С ПОЗИЦИИ РЕАНИМАТОЛОГА:СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ИНТЕНСИВНОЙ ТЕРАПИИ

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