Sticking With It: A Qualitative Analysis of the Factors That Motivate Instructors to Teach the Filipino Martial Arts

This qualitative study investigated the motivational factors that influence instructors to teach Filipino martial arts. The study was designed to address teaching from the perspective of the instructors’ experiences, and allowed them to tell their story in their own words. The following research question guided this study: 1. What factors motivate Filipino martial arts instructors to teach the Filipino martial arts? Eight instructors were selected to participate in this qualitative study. The instructors were interviewed via telephone and Skype. Each instructor was also observed teaching. Additionally, documents pertaining to each instructor and the Filipino martial arts were collected and analyzed. Two selective codes emerged from the data. The first selective code was Legacy. Legacy was supported by three axial codes: Preserve the Legacy, Provide for Personal Expression, and Enhance Personal Development. The second selective code was Sharing. Sharing was supported by three axial codes: Prepare for Self-Defense, Increase Pleasure, Provide Opportunities for Benefits and Achievements, and Become Part of a Family. Findings revealed that monetary gain was not a major factor influencing the instructors to teach the Filipino martial arts

Development of the Cultural Appreciation of Martial Arts Scale

The purpose of this study was to develop a reliable and valid Social sciences instrument designed to measure the construct of Cultural Appreciation of Martial Arts. Data were collected from 114 adult martial arts participants. Study participants represented Taekwondo schools located in Arkansas and Filipino martial arts schools located in Arkansas, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Texas. Development of the instrument involved the use of an expert panel, a Q-sort, test-retest reliability test, Exploratory Factor Analysis, and Cronbach\u27s alpha. The study resulted in a 20-item, 3-factor scale that measures Cultural Knowledge, Cultural Sensitivity, and Cultural Awareness and is named the Cultural Appreciation of Martial Arts Scale. Results indicate the scale is reliable and valid. Reliability for each of the three factors based on Cronbach\u27s alpha were á = .962, .918, and .873 respectively. Initial validation of the instrument was established. However, further validation needs to occur. Future studies should be conducted with additional populations including other well-known martial arts styles from countries such as Japan and China. The construct of Cultural Appreciation of Martial Arts could also be studied for its potential relationships to other leisure constructs. Study and instrumentation for other activities or endeavors that are associated with a particular culture would be another avenue for further study

Fleksibel inflasjonsstyring i Norge : hvor godt har det fungert?

I denne oppgaven stiller vi spørsmålstegn ved pengepolitikken som er ført her i landet siden mars 2001, fleksibel inflasjonsstyring. Vi ønsker å finne svar på hvor godt det faktisk har fungert. For å si noe om dette har vi blant annet analysert konjunktur- og konsumprisutviklingen. Moderne nykeynesiansk teori, som er rammeverket for Norges Banks stabiliseringspolitikk legger til rette for stabilisering av fluktuasjoner på etterspørselssiden. Vi finner derimot, i likhet med Grytten og Hunnes (2009) at den norske økonomien ser i hovedsak ut til å bli forstyrret av forhold på tilbudssiden. Det betyr at sentralbanken må gjøre en avveining mellom å legge vekt på inflasjon eller produksjon i sin rentesetting. Dermed kan vi hevde at utgangspunktet for stabiliseringspolitikken er svekket. Vi sammenligner variasjonen i rentene, valutakurser og konsumpriser. Våre resultat gir høyere svingninger under fleksibel inflasjonsstyring sammenlignet med tidligere regimer. Dette kan være uheldig med tanke på de to sentrale forutsetningene som ligger til grunn for at fleksibel inflasjonsstyring. Den ene er at aktørene har rasjonelle forventninger og den andre at sentralbanken har full tillit fra aktørene i markedet. Vi har analysert sentralbankens rentesetting mot enkle renteregler, og det ser ut til at sentralbanken handler med et lite tidsetterslep i forhold til hva de mekaniske reglene tiliser. Kanskje har ikke sentralbanken nok informasjon om den faktiske utviklingen i økonomien på det tidspunktet renta blir satt. Vi foreslår videre forskning på pengemengdevekst som en indikator på press i økonomien. Da vi finner at det har vært stor opplåsning i pengemengden både før dagens krise og høykonjunkturen i 2000

Effect of microencapsulation on survival at simulated gastrointestinal conditions and heat treatment of a non probiotic strain, lactiplantibacillus plantarum 48m, and the probiotic strain limosilactobacillus reuteri dsm 17938

Cells of the probiotic strain Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and of the non-probiotic strain Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 48M were microencapsulated in alginate matrix by emulsion technique. Survival of microorganisms in the microcapsules was tested against gastrointestinal (GI) simulated conditions and heat stress. Results demonstrated that the microencapsulation process improved vitality of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 48M cells after GI conditions exposure, allowing survival similarly to the probiotic Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938. Moreover, microencapsulation was able to protect neither Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 nor Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 48M cells when exposed to heat treatments. Microencapsulated Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 cells were still able to produce reuterin, an antimicrobial agent, as well as free cells

Diseases of Cattle in Australasia: A Comprehensive Textbook

"Diseases in of Cattle in Australasia" provides cattle practitioners and veterinary students with an authoritative text on cattle diseases that may be encountered in the predominantly pasture-based environments in New Zealand and Australia. The cattle industry in Australasia is the largest animal industry in the region, and includes the dairy, pasture-fed beef, feedlot, and live-export sectors. The industry operates across a wide range of environments and production systems, and more than half of the produced dairy and beef commodities are exported. This textbook is arranged in 25 chapters, commencing with an overview of the dairy and beef industries in New Zealand and Australia and ending with a chapter on practical therapeutics, and comes with an extensive image library on CD-ROM. The text has been mainly co-authored by Tim Parkinson, Jos Vermunt and Jakob Malmo, with additional contributions from fifteen other authors. The book is written from the perspective of the veterinary practitioner encountering the diseases in cattle on a farm. The reader is provided with a detailed outline of the diagnostic methodology based on clinical examination of body systems, with confirmation by ancillary tests and responses to treatment. The principal authors are eminently qualified and experienced. Tim Parkinson is currently Professor of Farm Animal Reproduction and Health at Massey University in New Zealand, and a Diplomate of the European College of Animal Reproduction and Fellow of the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons. Tim has extensive practical, academic and research experience with cattle in both the United Kingdom and New Zealand. Jos Vermunt is a registered veterinary specialist in cattle medicine and Fellow of the Australian College of Veterinary Scientists, and has combined cattle practice in (the Netherlands, Middle East, Canada, New Zealand and Australia, with academic teaching and research. Jakob Malmo is a registered veterinary specialist in cattle medicine and Fellow of the Australian College of Veterinary Scientists, and has combined a career in private practice while running two dairy farms, with teaching cattle medicine to undergraduate veterinary science students at the University of Melbourne, and supervising postgraduate students undertaking research projects in commercial dairy herds. Together, these principal authors bring a wealth of practical, academic and research experience to this text. This is the definitive textbook on diseases of cattle in Australasia. All of the important diseases of cattle are covered, with particular emphasis on clinical examination, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, lameness, mastitis, and reproductive disorders. The textbook will be an essential reference for cattle practitioners throughout Australia and New Zealand, and will have application where cattle are kept under similar conditions in other countries. The chapter on practical therapeutics for the c1ttle veterinarian will be of great value for veterinary students, and for the young cattle veterinarian to have in the car for reference during on-farm consultations

Hvordan kan fysisk lek fremme inkludering for flerkulturelle barn i barnehagen?

Oppgavens tema ble valgt på bakgrunn av praksisperioden jeg gjennomførte på mitt siste studieår i bachelorgraden på Dronning Mauds Minne Høgskole for barnehagelærere. Denne praksisperioden gjennomførte jeg i Lisboa i Portugal hvor jeg gjorde meg mange gode erfaring og satt igjen med sterke inntrykk. Dette var en internasjonal førskole med barn som representerte ulike land og kulturer. Jeg opplevde at mange av barna var ensomme og hadde problemer med å delta i ulike aktiviteter og leker grunnet den språklige barrieren og de sosiale normene kulturen bar preg av. På tross av dette opplevde jeg likevel at det var en arena hvor disse barna blomstret og var fullverdige deltakere i aktiviteten, og det var i den fysiske leken og kanskje spesielt på fotballbanen. Her ble den språklige barrieren en ubetydelig faktor i samspillet med de andre barna og så lange man forsto de grunnleggende reglene i leken har hadde man innpass. Dette var også tilfellet for meg som heller ikke behersket majoritetsspråket. Det universelle språket til fotball og de relative enkle lekkodene i den fysiske leken gjorde meg og barna fra andre kulturer til gode og attraktive lekekamerater for resten av barnegruppen. At idrett og fysisk lek er en fin arena for inkludering er også noe jeg har reflektert over tidligere. Jeg var selv sjenert som barn og fotball og fysisk lek var arenaer hvor jeg opplevde mestring og inkludering. Dette har gitt mange gode erfaring og la grunnlaget for et liv med fysisk aktivitet. Bakgrunnen for valget av tema er en nysgjerrighet og en genuin interesse for hvordan barnehager jobber med temaet inkludering og hvordan den fysiske leken blir brukt for å inkludere flerkulturelle barn. Min personlige og profesjonelle interesse la derfor grunnlaget for problemstillingen; «Hvordan kan fysisk lek fremme inkludering for flerkulturelle barn i barnehagen?»publishedVersio

«I barnehagen leker man mest, og i skolen lærer man masse» En fenomenologisk studie om hvordan barn opplever overgangen til å begynne på skole.

Formålet med denne studien var å forstå barnas opplevelser av overgangen fra å gå i barnehage til å begynne på skole. I tillegg var det ønskelig å se på om lek og uteskole kunne ha noen betydning for barnas opplevelser i overgangen. Problemstillingen for studien ble formulert slik: Hvordan opplever barn overgangen fra barnehage til skole, og hvordan kan uteskole og lek bidra i overgangen? For å svare på problemstillingen skulle jeg undersøke to forskningsspørsmål: 1. Hvordan opplever barna overgangen? Hvilke forventninger/erfaringer og tanker har de til overgangen? 2. Hvordan betydning har lek og uteskole for barna i barnehagen og elevene i skolen? For å kunne svare på forskningsspørsmålene besøkte jeg de eldste barna i barnehagen, og de yngste barna i skolen. Jeg besøkte en barnehage og to skoler for å samle inn data, og datainnsamlingen foregikk over totalt tre arbeidsuker. Det var ønskelig å ha barna med i forskningen, da jeg ønsket å få en dypere forståelse av barnas opplevelse. Ved å bruke god tid i undersøkingen og å bli kjent med barna, var målet å få frem den ekte barnestemmen i avhandlingen. Det ble anvendt intervju og observasjon som kvalitative forskningsmetoder, for å tilegne tykke beskrivelser av området. Funnene i studien viser at barnas opplevelse av overgangen fra barnehagen til skolen inneholder mindre lek og mer arbeid i skolen. Elevene i skolen savnet de mulighetene de hadde for lek i barnehagen, men likte å lære nye ting i skolen. Flere barn opplevde at det var skummelt å begynne på skolen da de ikke kjente noen, men at det likevel gikk bra da de fikk seg venner; noe som lek kan bidra til. Det kom frem at vennskap, leker, lekeområder og mulighet for lek ute var av verdi i overgangen for elevene

The Importance of Parents’ Income and Education Level in Relation to Their Preschool Children’s Activity Level at Leisure

publishedVersio

Investigation of microbial extracts as a source of neurological agents

This study tested natural products from cyanobacteria from the Red Sea in Egypt and marine tunicates from the Algoa Bay in South Africa. Products from marine organisms have been used as lead compounds for the synthesis of new drugs because of their biological activity mechanism. Specifically, these products may contain compounds that display voltage-gated sodium channel activity, a feature of some medications for nervous system conditions such as epilepsy (Neurontin, Tregetol, Keppra) or cardiac arrhythmias (Norpace, Xylocaine, Rythmol). Initially, products and fractionations were screened in mouse neuroblastoma cells (Neuro-2A) and cytotoxic activity was measured in an MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay after a 24 hour period. The most active extracts identified in the cytotoxicity activity assay were selected as candidates for voltage-gated sodium channel activity measurements. This assay was a modified form of the initial MTT assay that exposed cells to known neurotoxins, ouabain and veratridine, to create a high concentration of sodium ions inside the cells. Extracts with voltage-gated sodium channel activity would either rescue the cells by inhibiting the channel, or activate the channel and kill the cells. The cytotoxicity assay identified 21 products, crude and fractionated, as somewhat cytotoxic

Is it possible to train for the unknown? How can simulations strengthen collective innovation processes?

Masteroppgave i kunnskapsledelse (MKL) - Nord universite