Measurement of the ΔS=-ΔQ Amplitude from K_(e3)^0 Decay

We have measured the time distribution of the π^+e^-ν and π^-e^+ν modes from initial K^0's in a spark-chamber experiment performed at the Bevatron. From 1079 events between 0.2 and 7 K_S^0 lifetime, we find ReX=-0.069±0.036, ImX=+0.108_(-0.074)^(+0.092). This result is consistent with X=0 (relative probability = 0.25), but more than 4 standard deviations from the existing world average, +0.14 -0.13i

Extracellular vesicles from A23187-treated neutrophils cause cGAS-STING-dependent IL-6 production by macrophages

In response to several types of bacteria, as well as pharmacological agents, neutrophils produce extracellular vesicles (EVs) and release DNA in the form of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). However, it is unknown whether these two neutrophil products cooperate to modulate inflammation. Consistent with vital NETosis, neutrophils challenged with S. aureus, as well as those treated with A23187, released significantly more DNA relative to untreated or fMLF-treated neutrophils, with no lysis occurring for any condition. To test the hypothesis that EVs generated during NETosis caused macrophage inflammation, we isolated and characterized EVs from A23187-treated neutrophils (A23187-EVs). A23187-EVs associated with neutrophil granule proteins, histone H3, transcription factor A, mitochondrial (TFAM), and nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). We showed that DNA from A23187-EVs, when transfected into macrophages, led to production of IL-6 and IFN-α2, and this response was blunted by pre-treatment with the STING inhibitor H151. Next, we confirmed that A23187-EVs were engulfed by macrophages, and showed that they induced cGAS-STING-dependent IL-6 production. In contrast, neither EVs from untreated or fMLF-treated cells exhibited pro-inflammatory activity. Although detergent-mediated lysis of A23187-EVs diminished IL-6 production, removal of surface-associated DNA with DNase I treatment had no effect, and A23187-EVs did not induce IFN-α2 production. Given these unexpected results, we investigated whether macrophage mtDNA activated the cGAS-STING signaling axis. Consistent with mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), a defined mechanism of mtDNA release, we observed macrophage mitochondrial membrane depolarization, a decrease in cytosolic Bax, and a decrease in mitochondrial cytochrome c, suggesting that macrophage mtDNA may initiate this EV-dependent signaling cascade. All together, these data demonstrate that A23187-EVs behave differently than transfected NET- or EV-DNA, and that neutrophil-derived EVs could be used as a model to study NF-κB-dependent STING activation

Dimuon production by protons in Tungsten

The mass spectrum of dimuons produced by 400 GeV/c protons in Tungsten has been measured for masses greater than 7 GeV. A clear resonant signal of 2700 upsilons has been seen. The dependence of dimuon production on xF and pT has been determined for dimuon masses in the range 7.0 to 8.25 GeV as well as for masses in the upsilon region 8.25 to 9.75 GeV.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/87470/2/93_1.pd

Optimized Trigger for Ultra-High-Energy Cosmic-Ray and Neutrino Observations with the Low Frequency Radio Array

When an ultra-high energy neutrino or cosmic ray strikes the Lunar surface a radio-frequency pulse is emitted. We plan to use the LOFAR radio telescope to detect these pulses. In this work we propose an efficient trigger implementation for LOFAR optimized for the observation of short radio pulses.Comment: Submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section

Three-body decays of K0 mesons

We have measured the time distributions of the π+e-ν̅, π-e+ν, and π+π-π0 modes from initially pure K0's in a spark-chamber experiment performed at the Bevatron. From 1079 Ke3 events between 0.2 and 7 KS lifetimes, we find ReX=-0.070±0.036, ImX=0.107-0.074+0.092. This result is consistent with X=0 (relative probability = 0.25). From 148 K→π+π-π0 events in the same fiducial volume, we get ReW=-0.05±0.17 and ImW=0.39-0.37+0.35. ("W" is variously known as η+-0 and x+iy.) Our results are consistent with W=0 (relative probability = 0.30)

A high‐statistics study of dimuon production by 400 GeV/c protons

The reaction p+W→μ+μ−+X has been measured in a high‐statistics experiment using a 400 GeV/c proton beam, a magnetized beam dump, and a wide‐acceptance detector. Abbreviated results and a comparison with the Drell‐Yan Model are presented.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/87694/2/156_1.pd