FIRST DETRITAL ZIRCON GEOCHRONOLOGY DATA FOR CLASTIC ROCKS OF THE EAST SAKHALIN ACCRETIONARY TERRANE

First detrital zircon geochronology data and results of geochemical studies for clastic rocks of the Rymnik and Nabil zones of the East Sakhalin accretionary terrane, located within the region of the East Sakhalin Mountains, are presented. The studies have been carried out at the Center for Collective Use of Far Eastern Geological Institute of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Vladivostok. The established geochemical features suggest that the source of the clastic material of the zones was felsic rocks of the deeply eroded continental island arc or arcs. Although the geochemical characteristics are similar, there are sharp differences between the detrital zircons’ age distribution patterns of rocks of these zones. In the sandstone of the Nabil zone, 75 % of the zircon grains are of the middle Cretaceous age (94–108 Ma) with a peak of 96 Ma, 15 % are the middle Permian-Early Jurassic, and 10 % are the Precambrian (mainly Paleoproterozoic). The sandstone of the Rymnik zone has a more complex (polymodal) pattern of the detrital zircon age distribution, with a significant contribution of the Precambrian grains (37 %). Most of the grains belong to the Early Jurassic (peak 196 Ma) and the Early Cretaceous (peak 137 Ma), with 47 % of the Mesozoic grains. The likely provenances of the clastic material were the Middle Cretaceous volcanic arcs of the Asian eastern margin older complexes of the continent

Anharmonicity, vibrational instability and Boson peak in glasses

We show that a {\em vibrational instability} of the spectrum of weakly interacting quasi-local harmonic modes creates the maximum in the inelastic scattering intensity in glasses, the Boson peak. The instability, limited by anharmonicity, causes a complete reconstruction of the vibrational density of states (DOS) below some frequency $\omega_c$, proportional to the strength of interaction. The DOS of the new {\em harmonic modes} is independent of the actual value of the anharmonicity. It is a universal function of frequency depending on a single parameter -- the Boson peak frequency, $\omega_b$ which is a function of interaction strength. The excess of the DOS over the Debye value is $\propto\omega^4$ at low frequencies and linear in $\omega$ in the interval $\omega_b \ll \omega \ll \omega_c$. Our results are in an excellent agreement with recent experimental studies.Comment: LaTeX, 8 pages, 6 figure

Electronic structure of nuclear-spin-polarization-induced quantum dots

We study a system in which electrons in a two-dimensional electron gas are confined by a nonhomogeneous nuclear spin polarization. The system consists of a heterostructure that has non-zero nuclei spins. We show that in this system electrons can be confined into a dot region through a local nuclear spin polarization. The nuclear-spin-polarization-induced quantum dot has interesting properties indicating that electron energy levels are time-dependent because of the nuclear spin relaxation and diffusion processes. Electron confining potential is a solution of diffusion equation with relaxation. Experimental investigations of the time-dependence of electron energy levels will result in more information about nuclear spin interactions in solids

ПЕРВЫЕ ДАННЫЕ ПО U/PB ДАТИРОВАНИЮ ДЕТРИТОВЫХ ЦИРКОНОВ ИЗ ТЕРРИГЕННЫХ ПОРОД ВОСТОЧНО-САХАЛИНСКОГО АККРЕЦИОННОГО ТЕРРЕЙНА

First detrital zircon geochronology data and results of geochemical studies for clastic rocks of the Rymnik and Nabil zones of the East Sakhalin accretionary terrane, located within the region of the East Sakhalin Mountains, are presented. The studies have been carried out at the Center for Collective Use of Far Eastern Geological Institute of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Vladivostok. The established geochemical features suggest that the source of the clastic material of the zones was felsic rocks of the deeply eroded continental island arc or arcs. Although the geochemical characteristics are similar, there are sharp differences between the detrital zircons’ age distribution patterns of rocks of these zones. In the sandstone of the Nabil zone, 75 % of the zircon grains are of the middle Cretaceous age (94–108 Ma) with a peak of 96 Ma, 15 % are the middle Permian-Early Jurassic, and 10 % are the Precambrian (mainly Paleoproterozoic). The sandstone of the Rymnik zone has a more complex (polymodal) pattern of the detrital zircon age distribution, with a significant contribution of the Precambrian grains (37 %). Most of the grains belong to the Early Jurassic (peak 196 Ma) and the Early Cretaceous (peak 137 Ma), with 47 % of the Mesozoic grains. The likely provenances of the clastic material were the Middle Cretaceous volcanic arcs of the Asian eastern margin older complexes of the continent.В работе представлены первые результаты U/Pb датирования детритовых цирконов и исследования геохимии терригенных пород Рымникской и Набильской зон Восточно-Сахалинского аккреционного террейна (район Восточно-Сахалинских гор), выполненных в Центре коллективного пользования ДВГИ ДВО РАН. Установленные геохимические особенности позволяют предположить, что источником терригенного материала пород обеих зон являлись кислые породы глубоко эродированной эпиконтинентальной островной дуги (дуг). При сходстве геохимических характеристик породы Набильской и Рымникской зон резко различаются по спектрам распределения возрастов детритовых цирконов. В песчанике Набильской зоны 75 % зерен циркона имеют среднемеловой возраст (94–108 млн лет) с пиком 96 млн лет, 15 % − среднепермско-раннеюрский возраст и 10 % − докембрийский (главным образом палеопротерозойский). Песчаник Рымникской зоны имеет более сложный (полимодальный) спектр распределения возрастов детритового циркона, со значительным вкладом докембрийских зерен (37 %). Большинство зерен имеют раннеюрский (пик 196 млн лет) и раннемеловой (пик 137 млн лет) возраст при 47 % мезозойских зерен. Вероятными источниками терригенного материала являлись среднемеловые магматические дуги восточной окраины Азии и более древние комплексы континента

Frequency behavior of Raman coupling coefficient in glasses

Low-frequency Raman coupling coefficient of 11 different glasses is evaluated. It is found that the coupling coefficient demonstrates a universal linear frequency behavior near the boson peak maximum and a superlinear behavior at very low frequencies. The last observation suggests vanishing of the coupling coefficient when frequency tends to zero. The results are discussed in terms of the vibration wavefunction that combines features of localized and extended modes.Comment: 8 pages, 9 figure

Изменения термохалинных характеристик трансполярной системы Северного Ледовитого океана

Extensive archives of observations have been used to analyze changes of water salinity, temperature and thickness of the upper,Atlanticand bottom layers in the Eurasian and Amerasian basins of the Arctic Ocean (AO) in 1950–1993 and 2007–2013. Multivariate models revealed the mechanisms of the coherency of the layer properties. An opposition of variations of thicknesses of the Atlantic layer from one side and the upper and bottom layers from the other side was established; it was also shown that the increase of temperature of the Atlantic layer is followed by salinification of the upper layer with a 4 year lag. Strong correlation of temperature and salinity of the upper and Atlantic layers with climatic indexes (like the North Atlantic Oscillation index) suggests the connection between processes in theArcticand lower latitude regions. The role of external hydrometeorological forcings in climatic changes of the AO state was revealed. The statistical multivariable model is capable of describing large-scale components of the Transpolar system of the AO which is an important contribution for understanding of the Arctic climate system.Обширные архивы данных наблюдений использованы для анализа изменений солености, температуры и толщины верхнего, атлантического и донного слоев в 1950–1993, 2007–2013 гг. в Евразийском и Амеразийском суббассейнах Северного Ледовитого океана (СЛО). Мультирегрессионные модели выявили механизмы сопряженности характеристик слоев. Выявлена оппозиция вариации толщин атлантического слоя, с одной стороны, и верхнего и донного слоев, с другой, а также зависимость, в которой за повышением температуры атлантических вод следует увеличение солености поверхностного слоя с запаздыванием в 4 года. Высокая корреляция между температурой и соленостью верхнего и атлантического слоев СЛО с индексами климатической изменчивости (например, с индексом Североатлантического колебания) свидетельствует о связанности процессов в Арктике и низких широтах. Установлена роль внешних гидрометеорологических воздействий в климатических изменениях состояния СЛО. Полученная статистическая малопараметрическая модель описывает функционирование макромасштабных составляющих Трансполярной системы СЛО, что является важным вкладом в понимание арктической климатической системы

Measurement of Leading Proton and Neutron Production in Deep Inelastic Scattering at HERA

Deep--inelastic scattering events with a leading baryon have been detected by the H1 experiment at HERA using a forward proton spectrometer and a forward neutron calorimeter. Semi--inclusive cross sections have been measured in the kinematic region 2 <= Q^2 <= 50 GeV^2, 6.10^-5 <= x <= 6.10^-3 and baryon p_T <= MeV, for events with a final state proton with energy 580 <= E' <= 740 GeV, or a neutron with energy E' >= 160 GeV. The measurements are used to test production models and factorization hypotheses. A Regge model of leading baryon production which consists of pion, pomeron and secondary reggeon exchanges gives an acceptable description of both semi-inclusive cross sections in the region 0.7 <= E'/E_p <= 0.9, where E_p is the proton beam energy. The leading neutron data are used to estimate for the first time the structure function of the pion at small Bjorken--x.Comment: 30 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, submitted to Eur. Phys.

A transcriptional reference map of defence hormone responses in potato

Phytohormones are involved in diverse aspects of plant life including the regulation of plant growth, development and reproduction, as well as governing biotic and abiotic stress responses. We have generated a comprehensive transcriptional reference map of the early potato responses to exogenous application of the defence hormones abscisic acid, brassinolides (applied as epibrassinolide), ethylene (applied as the ethylene precursor aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid), salicylic acid and jasmonic acid (applied as methyl jasmonate). Of the 39000 predicted genes on the microarray, a total of 2677 and 2473 genes were significantly differentially expressed at 1 h and 6 h after hormone treatment, respectively. Specific marker genes newly identified for the early hormone responses in potato include: a homeodomain 20 transcription factor (DMG400000248) for abscisic acid; a SAUR gene (DMG400016561) induced in epibrassinolide treated plants; an osmotin gene (DMG400003057) specifically enhanced by aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid; a gene weakly similar to AtWRKY40 (DMG402007388) that was induced by salicylic acid; and a jasmonate ZIM-domain protein 1 (DMG400002930) which was specifically activated by methyl jasmonate. An online database has been set up to query the expression patterns of potato genes represented on the microarray that can also incorporate future microarray or RNAseq-based expression studies

The LSD1-Interacting Protein GILP Is a LITAF Domain Protein That Negatively Regulates Hypersensitive Cell Death in Arabidopsis

Hypersensitive cell death, a form of avirulent pathogen-induced programmed cell death (PCD), is one of the most efficient plant innate immunity. However, its regulatory mechanism is poorly understood. AtLSD1 is an important negative regulator of PCD and only two proteins, AtbZIP10 and AtMC1, have been reported to interact with AtLSD1.To identify a novel regulator of hypersensitive cell death, we investigate the possible role of plant LITAF domain protein GILP in hypersensitive cell death. Subcellular localization analysis showed that AtGILP is localized in the plasma membrane and its plasma membrane localization is dependent on its LITAF domain. Yeast two-hybrid and pull-down assays demonstrated that AtGILP interacts with AtLSD1. Pull-down assays showed that both the N-terminal and the C-terminal domains of AtGILP are sufficient for interactions with AtLSD1 and that the N-terminal domain of AtLSD1 is involved in the interaction with AtGILP. Real-time PCR analysis showed that AtGILP expression is up-regulated by the avirulent pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 avrRpt2 (Pst avrRpt2) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) that trigger PCD. Compared with wild-type plants, transgenic plants overexpressing AtGILP exhibited significantly less cell death when inoculated with Pst avrRpt2, indicating that AtGILP negatively regulates hypersensitive cell death.These results suggest that the LITAF domain protein AtGILP localizes in the plasma membrane, interacts with AtLSD1, and is involved in negatively regulating PCD. We propose that AtGILP functions as a membrane anchor, bringing other regulators of PCD, such as AtLSD1, to the plasma membrane. Human LITAF domain protein may be involved in the regulation of PCD, suggesting the evolutionarily conserved function of LITAF domain proteins in the regulation of PCD