Matlab Simulink Model for Energy Harvesting System using Integrated Input: Review

In the recent years, obtaining a sustainable form of energy to power various autonomous wireless & portable devices is increasingly becoming a matter of concern & various alternate sources of energy have been explored. The concept of power harvesting works towards developing self-powered devices that do not require replaceable power supplies. This paper discusses energy harvesting or energy scavenging as an efficient approach to cater to the energy needs of portable electronics, review recent advancement in the field of power harvesting & present the current state of power harvesting in its drive to create completely self-powered devices. In the recent years, obtaining a sustainable form of energy to power various autonomous wireless and portable devices is increasingly becoming a matter of concern and various alternate sources of energy have been explored

The multifunctional ORF57 protein of Kaposi's sarcoma associated herpesvirus

The aim of this work was to identify proteins, both cellular and viral, that interact in infected cells with the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) regulatory protein ORF57. In the light of this information, functional assays were performed to characterise various activities of the ORF57 protein. KSHV, the most recently identified herpesvirus to infect humans and associated with cancer, encodes ORP57, an immediate early (IE) regulatory protein. ORF57 is the only KSHV IE gene that has a counterpart in all herpesviruses sequenced so far. Studies of this protein, that may have similar functions throughout the Herpesviridae, are important to answer key questions about herpesvirus biology and the development of effective therapies. During lytic virus infection, expression of different classes of KHSV genes is temporally regulated. Two of the IE proteins, ORJF50 and ORF57, are central to this regulation and are essential for viral growth. ORF50 causes the switch from the viral latent to lytic cycle and is required for establishment of latency. ORF57 regulates viral gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Transcriptionally, it is capable of acting on its own or in combination with ORF50; post-transcriptionally, ORF57 enhances expression of viral genes and represses expression of some intron-containing genes. This study shows that ORF57 (like its herpes simplex virus ICP27 counterpart) in fusion protein pull down assays and coimmunoprecipitation assays interacts with four cellular proteins using extracts from KSHV-infected cells. These are: heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein K (hnRNP K), protein kinase casein kinase 2 (CK2), RNA export factor binding protein (REF) and splicing associated protein 145 (SAP 145). CK2 was present in complexes with hnRNPK or SAP 145, only in the presence of ORF57. Interestingly, the CK2 activity that came down with anti-ORF57 antibody could phosphorylate ORF57 protein itself and certain other proteins, including hnRNPK present in the coimmunoprecipitated complex. ORF57 phosphorylation by CK2 increased its affinity for hnRNP K. CK2 activity could be important for regulation of the various interactions, and act to control them depending on the phosphorylation status of ORF57 and its partners. A further ORF57 interaction was identified with the viral transcriptional transactivator ORF50 protein, and immunofluorescence on virus-infected cells showed that ORF57 partially colocalised with ORF50, in accordance with the involvement of these two IE proteins in activities together. In functional assays, ORF57 protein was shown to augment activation of the ORF50 promoter by ORF50 protein, and this activity may reflect a requirement for ORF57 at an early stage of lytic infection to amplify environmental stimuli thereby facilitating viral replication. The interaction of ORF57 with several proteins known to be involved at several stages of gene expression point to it being a multifunctional protein; and how these partner proteins contribute to ORF57's various functions can be inferred from a knowledge of their activities. An association with ImRNP K may account for ORF57's transcriptional regulation of viral gene expression acting either on its own or with ORF50. Much of the ORF57 activity is seen at the post-transcriptional level which also could be attributed to the action of hnRNP K. Immunofluorescence data demonstrated that ORF57 colocalises in punctate spots in the nucleus with hnRNP K, and reporter assays have shown that ORF57 and hnRNP K are functionally linked. Finally, the multiple interactions of ORF57 are likely to be facilitated by its ability to self interact, enabling the formation of large complexes. These protein:protein and protein:nucleic interactions could however be dynamic, changing at different intracellular locations or times post-infection to facilitate the various functions of ORF57. The present study has allowed insights as to how ORF57 exerts its various activities and will help in the understanding of how viral transcription, RNA processing and RNA export are interlinked in KHSV-infected cells

(R1881) Impatient Customers in Queueing System with Optional Vacation Policies and Power Saving Mode

In this manuscript, a queueing system with two optional vacation policies, power-saving mode under reneging and retention of reneged customers in both vacations is analyzed. If the server is free, it chooses either of the vacations, classical vacation or working vacation. During vacations, the customers may get impatient due to delays and may leave the system, but they are retained in the system with some convincing mechanisms. On vacation completion, if the system is empty, the server is turned off to facilitate better utilization of the resources. Some of the operating system characteristics are derived using the probability generating functions technique. The numerical results are graphically represented by using MATLAB software

Levonorgestrel intrauterine contraceptive device in heavy menstrual bleeding: our experience in a tertiary level government hospital

Background: The aim of the study was to assess the effect of levonorgestrel intrauterine contraceptive device (LNG-IUCD) on menstrual blood loss and its acceptance in Indian women with Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB).Methods: 50 women with HMB and meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled in the prospective non-randomized observational study from November 2013-2014 in PGIMER, RML HOSPITAL, a tertiary care hospital. LNG-IUCD was inserted and patients were followed up for six months. Reduction in menstrual blood loss, reduction in endometrial thickness, improvement in hemoglobin and serum ferritin and side effects due to LNG-IUCD was noted.Results: LNG-IUCD was effective in 47 out of 50 patients suffering from HMB. There was 98% reduction in menstrual blood loss (PBAC score) and 67.8% reduction in endometrial thickness after six months. Improvement in hemoglobin was by 2.44 gm/dl whereas serum ferritin improved by 15.39 µg/l after 6 months. Relief in dysmenorrhea was 94.7%. Complete amenorrhea was achieved in 19.14% and 44.6% were suffering from spotting. Treatment failure was seen in 3 patients who expelled LNG-IUCD at varying intervals. One patient with misplaced LNG-IUCD was relieved of symptoms after repositioning. Proper counseling prior to insertion and after insertion made LNG-IUCD well accepted in our study population.Conclusions: LNG-IUCD is an effective and acceptable non-surgical alternative to a common problem of HMB. The success rate was 94% in our study with only 3 patients needing hysterectomy due to expulsion. Emphasis on counseling patients of troublesome spotting and correct fundal placement is essential

N-[4-(2-Morpholino­eth­oxy)phen­yl]acetamide monohydrate

In the title compound, C14H20N2O3·H2O, the geometry about the morpholine N atom implies sp 3 hybridization. In the crystal, symmetry-related mol­ecules are linked by inter­molecular N—H⋯O, O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming infinite chains along the b axis. The chain structure is further stabilized by intra­molecular C—H⋯O inter­actions

Gestational age assessment of neonates using foot and hand length measurements: a cross sectional tertiary care centre study

Background: Gestational age of neonates computed based on Naegele’s formula, ultrasound, or using modified New Ballard score (NBS) is limited in the community setup due to illiteracy, accessibility and expertise. Hence there should be alternative technique which can be done even by inexperienced health care staff and in rural communities. Objective of current study was to find out the correlation of foot and hand length with gestational age among neonates.Methods: A cross sectional study including 200 neonates and their foot length, hand length, birth weight was recorded. Gestational age assessment was done using modified NBS. Correlation among various study parameters was done using Pearson’s correlation coefficient.Results: Of the 200 neonates studied, the mean foot length was 7.1±0.46 cm with a range of 4-8.5 cm. The mean hand length was 6.0±0.71 cm with a range of 3.8-7.4 cm. The mean foot and hand length of term neonates was higher than preterm neonates. The mean foot and hand length of normal weight neonates was higher than Low birth weight neonates.Conclusions: Foot and hand length is a simple, quick and reliable measurement which can be used as a proxy measurement to gestational age assessment. It can be easily measured by traditional birth attendants in the community

Transient myeloproliferative disorder: A pointer to underlying trisomy 21

A 19-day-old male neonate was presented with abdominal distension, refusal to feed, and high-grade fever, suggestive of late-onset sepsis. Apart from a suspected clinodactyly, no dysmorphism was present. The hemograms were suggestive of leukocytosis with 29% blasts and flow cytometry revealed acute myeloid leukemia. Due to the presence of congenital leukemia, the dysmorphism in the child was investigated and a karyotype revealed trisomy 21; a diagnosis of transient myeloproliferative disorder (TMD) was made. The child developed significant bleeding, impending congestive cardiac failure and significant weight loss, and prompting initiation of low-dose chemotherapy with cytarabine. The child improved following therapy but developed fungal sepsis and multiple joint osteomyelitis secondary to the chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression which was managed with antibiotics. The child was discharged and is on close 3 monthly follow-up to screen for acute megakaryoblastic leukemia, as babies with TMD are prone to developing acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in early childhood

Neonatal central diabetes insipidus in a case of hydranencephaly

Neonatal diabetes insipidus (DI) poses both diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to the neonatologists. Neonatal central DI (CDI) is an uncommon disorder which is characterized by polyuria, hypernatremia, high plasma osmolality, and low urine osmolality. Our full-term neonate with an antenatal magnetic resonance imaging showing hydranencephaly presented to us on day 4, with persistent hypernatremic dehydration along with the polyuria which was not getting corrected by the routine management of hypernatremic dehydration. Further investigations revealed urine hypo-osmolality and high serum osmolality and a good response to oral desmopressin (DDAVP). This helped to diagnose CDI secondary to hydranencephaly. The baby was discharged on oral DDAVP, but unfortunately, the baby succumbed at 3 months of age