MULTI_LEVEL SECURE FROM WEB INTRUSION AND QUERY ATTACKS ON WEB DATABASE

Most data frameworks and business applications assembled these days have a web frontend and they should be generally accessible to customers, representatives and accomplices around the globe, as the computerized economy is turning out to be increasingly pervasive in the worldwide economy. Strategy and a model instrument to assess web application security components. In this paper, we along these lines propose to make trusted equipment a top notch national in the safe information administration field. Additionally, we trust that cost-driven bits of knowledge and compositional standards will generally change the way frameworks and calculations are planned. We present an outsourced database model that permits customers to execute SQL questions with security and under administrative consistence imperatives by utilizing server-facilitated, sealed trusted equipment in basic inquiry preparing stages, along these lines expelling any confinements on the kind of bolstered inquiries

Diagnostic utility of cytospin, cell block and immunocytochemistry in pleural effusion cytology

Background: With the introduction of cytospin, the sensitivity of diagnosing malignancies has increased mainly due to the increase in cellular yield. Cell block also gives the advantage of ancillary testing and allows for retrospective studies. Immunocytochemical markers are used to differentiate and subtype various malignancies in body effusions.Aim of the study was to compare the morphological features of both technique and to assess the diagnostic utility of cell block methods in the cytodiagnosis of pleural effusions.Methods: This was a Prospective observational comparative study of two cytopreparatory techniques. All samples were examined and processed by cytospin and cell block techniques. Continuous data were expressed as Mean±SD (standard deviation) while categorical data were expressed in number, percentage and compared by chi-square (χ2) test.Results: The final diagnosis of both cytospin (147 cases) and cell block (150 cases) techniques was divided into four broad categories: Inadequate, Benign, Suspicious and Malignant. The significant diagnostic cytospin (AUC=0.857, p<0.001) in discriminating positive and negative malignant cases with 75.00% sensitivity (95% CI=53.3-90.2) and 100.00% specificity (95% CI=86.7-100.0) and with 100.0% positive predictive value and 81.2% negative predictive value. In contrast, cell block also showed significant diagnostic but with higher accuracy (AUC=1.000, p<0.001) and sensitivity 100.00% (95% CI=86.7-100.0) and specificity 100.00% (95% CI=86.7-100.0) and 100.0% positive predictive value and 100.0% negative predictive value than cytospin technique.Conclusions: Cell block as a technique should be used in routine practice as it not only increases the diagnostic yield but ancillary test can also be done

Drought and salinity stresses induced physio-biochemical changes in sugarcane: an overview of tolerance mechanism and mitigating approaches

Sugarcane productivity is being hampered globally under changing environmental scenarios like drought and salinity. The highly complex nature of the plant responses against these stresses is determined by a variety of factors such as genotype, developmental phase of the plant, progression rate and stress, intensity, and duration. These factors influence plant responses and can determine whether mitigation approaches associated with acclimation are implemented. In this review, we attempt to summarize the effects of drought and salinity on sugarcane growth, specifically on the plant’s responses at various levels, viz., physiological, biochemical, and metabolic responses, to these stresses. Furthermore, mitigation strategies for dealing with these stresses have been discussed. Despite sugarcane’s complex genomes, conventional breeding approaches can be utilized in conjunction with molecular breeding and omics technologies to develop drought- and salinity-tolerant cultivars. The significant role of plant growth-promoting bacteria in sustaining sugarcane productivity under drought and salinity cannot be overlooked

Clinico-Pathological Evaluation of Palpable Breast Lump: Hospital Based Prospective Study

Introduction: Breast lump remains a common complaint of females attending a surgical outpatient department. Different types of lesions ranging from inflammation to carcinoma can be presented as a breast lump. A definitive diagnosis of breast lump must be made by histopathological examination. In case of breast cancer, an early and accurate diagnosis can save the patient from metastases and may thus reduce mortality and morbidity. Aim &amp; Objective: The objective of the present study is to evaluate the clinical profile of patients who has palpable breast lumps and a wide range of breast diseases in palpable breast lumps. Histopathology was performed on these breast lumps. In addition to histopathology, clinico - pathological correlation was also done. Material and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted for one year in the Department of Pathology, Vivekananda Polyclinic &amp; Institute of Medical Sciences (VPIMS), Lucknow. All patients with discrete breast lumps have undergone a triple assessment to make an early diagnosis. Surgical resection specimen includes lumpectomy and mastectomy. They were received, processed, reported and recorded in the Pathology laboratory and the data was collected and analysed. Result: All the cases had a unilateral side of the breast lump and most of the cases had a breast lump on the right side. The majority had lesion size between 2-5 cm, firm consistency, single lump/mass, spread in the outer quadrant. The clinical diagnosis was benign in 19 cases (45.2%) and malignant/suspected of malignancy in 23 cases (54.8%). The histopathological diagnosis was benign in 14 cases (33.3%), borderline in 2 cases (4.8%) and malignant in 26 cases (61.9%). Fibroadenoma was the most common benign tumour and invasive ductal carcinoma was the most common malignant tumour. Conclusion: The final histopathological examination confirmed that the few cases of clinically suspected benign breast lumps were actually borderline and malignant breast lumps. These cases confirm that the histopathological examination of a breast lump is the gold standard to establish a correct diagnosis

Generalised Common Fixed Point Theorem for S -Compatible Mapping in Metric Space

Abstract In this paper we prove a common fixed point theorem of eight self mappings satisfying a generalized inequality using the concept of compatibility

Common Fixed Point Theorem of Compatible Mappings of Type (K) and Property (E.A.) in Fuzzy 2 -Metric Space

Abstract In this paper we prove a common fixed point theorem in fuzzy 2-metric space on six self-mappings using the concept of compatible of type (K) and Property (E.A.)

Liquid-based cytology versus conventional cytology in fine-needle aspirates of salivary gland neoplasms

Background: Liquid-based cytology (LBC) is a method of retrieving and processing of cytological material for the assessment of both gynecological and nongynecological cases introduced in 1996. Mostly conventional smears (CS) are prepared in Indian scenario; however, due to increasing popularity of LBC in nongynecology specimens, LBC is also used in few centers for diagnosing salivary gland neoplasm. Aim: The aim of this study is to compare CS and LBC in fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the salivary gland neoplasms in terms of cytomorphological details, adequacy, ease of interpretation, pitfalls, and diagnostic efficiency. Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective, observational, comparative study which included 64 salivary gland neoplasms. Both CS and LBC (SurePath) were prepared as per standard protocols and examined. Results and Conclusion: In our study, specificity and positive predictive value of both the techniques (conventional and LBC) were found to be 100%. Sensitivity of both the techniques was found to be similar (66.7%). Negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of conventional technique were found to be almost similar to that of LBC technique (97.6% vs. 97.2% and 97.7% vs. 97.4%). In terms of adequacy and cellularity, CSs were better than LBC. Ease of interpretation was better with CSs due to abundant chondromyxoid stroma, an important clue in the diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma. Nuclear details and background were better in LBC as compared to CS. Hence, we conclude that in salivary gland FNAC, both CS and LBC have similar diagnostic efficiency. however, interpretation of conventional smears is easier than Liquid Based Cytology especially in cases of pleomorphic adenoma. However, some advantages of LBC in respect to conventional cytology, with better-preserved morphology obtained from LBC becomes furthermore obligatory

EVALUATION OF IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND THROMBOLYTIC ACTIVITIES OF SCILLA HYACINTHINA, AN ENDANGERED MEDICINAL PLANT

Objective: Scilla hyacinthina (Roth) J. F. Macbr, an endangered medicinal plant (Liliaceae), was analysed for its in vitro antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and thrombolytic potential. Till date, there were no reports about the anti-inflammatory and thrombolytic potential of the plant.Methods: Leaves and bulbs of S. hyacinthina were extracted sequentially with methanol and water. Antioxidant activity of the extracts was studied using DPPH and ABTSâ—+ methods. Anti-inflammatory effect and thrombolytic activity of the plant extracts were determined using protein denaturation (albumin) and clot disruption methods respectively. Results: Preliminary screening revealed the presence of phenols, saponins, terpenoids, cardiac glycosides, sterols, phlobatannins, alkaloids and flavonoids. The methanolic leaf extracts exhibited significant bioactivities among all analysed extracts. The above extract exhibited considerable dose-dependent antioxidant activity for DPPH and ABTSâ—+, IC50 values were 19.79±0.89µg/ml and 21.02±0.72µg/ml resectively. There was a positive correlation between the total phenolic content with DPPH in leaf extract (r2=0.94). The methanolic leaf extract of the plant also exhibited concentration dependent inhibition of albumin denaturation with maximum inhibition of 60.42%±0.91 and was found to be significant (p&lt;0.044) with diclofenac. Methanolic leaf extracts showed maximum clot lytic activity (40%±2.19) and was statistically significant (p&lt;0.001), when compared with streptokinase.Conclusion: The present study promisingly revealed that S. hyacinthina may be an effective potential sources of novel antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and thrombolytic drugs. Further research is necessary to identify the bioactive compound(s) responsible for the above mentioned activities.Â